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[[File:Jerzy Andrzejewski monument.JPG|thumb|upright|Grave of Jerzy Andrzejewski at [[Powązki Cemetery]] in Warsaw]]
[[File:Jerzy Andrzejewski monument.JPG|thumb|upright|Grave of Jerzy Andrzejewski at [[Powązki Cemetery]] in Warsaw]]
'''Jerzy Andrzejewski''' ({{IPA-pl|ˈjɛʐɨ andʐɛˈjɛfskʲi}}; 19 August 1909 – 19 April 1983) was a prolific [[Poland|Polish]] author. His novels, ''[[Ashes and Diamonds]]'' (about the immediate [[Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1946)|post-war situation in Poland]]), and ''[[Holy Week (film)|Holy Week]]'' (treating the [[Warsaw Ghetto Uprising]]), have been made into film adaptations by the Oscar-winning Polish director [[Andrzej Wajda]]. ''Holy Week'' and ''Ashes and Diamonds'' have both been translated into English.<ref name="kirjasto">{{cite web |url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/andrzeje.htm |title=Jerzy Andrzejewski |website=Books and Writers ''(kirjasto.sci.fi)'' |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=[[Kuusankoski]] Public Library |location=Finland |archiveurl=https://greencardamom.github.io/BooksAndWriters/andrzeje.htm |archivedate=10 February 2015 |dead-url=yes}}</ref> His novel ''The Gates of Paradise'' was translated into English by [[James Kirkup]] and published by [[Panther Books]] with the anglicised spelling "George Andrzeyevski".
'''Jerzy Andrzejewski''' ({{IPA-pl|ˈjɛʐɨ andʐɛˈjɛfskʲi}}; 19 August 1909 – 19 April 1983) was a prolific [[Poland|Polish]] author. His novels, ''[[Ashes and Diamonds]]'' (about the immediate [[Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1946)|post-war situation in Poland]]), and ''[[Holy Week (film)|Holy Week]]'' (treating the [[Warsaw Ghetto Uprising]]), have been made into film adaptations by the Oscar-winning Polish director [[Andrzej Wajda]]. ''Holy Week'' and ''Ashes and Diamonds'' have both been translated into English.<ref name="kirjasto">{{cite web|url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/andrzeje.htm |title=Jerzy Andrzejewski |website=Books and Writers ''(kirjasto.sci.fi)'' |first=Petri |last=Liukkonen |publisher=[[Kuusankoski]] Public Library |location=Finland |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205024350/http://kirjasto.sci.fi/andrzeje.htm |archivedate= 5 December 2006 |dead-url=yes |df= }}</ref> His novel ''The Gates of Paradise'' was translated into English by [[James Kirkup]] and published by [[Panther Books]] with the anglicised spelling "George Andrzeyevski".


==Life and career==
==Life and career==

Revision as of 20:22, 21 April 2017

Jerzy Andrzejewski
Jerzy Andrzejewski in 1949
Born(1909-08-19)19 August 1909
Warsaw, Kingdom of Poland
Died19 April 1983(1983-04-19) (aged 73)
Warsaw
Cause of deathheart attack
NationalityPolish
Known forAshes and Diamonds
Grave of Jerzy Andrzejewski at Powązki Cemetery in Warsaw

Jerzy Andrzejewski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈjɛʐɨ andʐɛˈjɛfskʲi]; 19 August 1909 – 19 April 1983) was a prolific Polish author. His novels, Ashes and Diamonds (about the immediate post-war situation in Poland), and Holy Week (treating the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising), have been made into film adaptations by the Oscar-winning Polish director Andrzej Wajda. Holy Week and Ashes and Diamonds have both been translated into English.[1] His novel The Gates of Paradise was translated into English by James Kirkup and published by Panther Books with the anglicised spelling "George Andrzeyevski".

Life and career

Born in Warsaw in 1909, Andrzejewski studied philology at the University of Warsaw in the Second Polish Republic. In 1932 he debuted in ABC Magazine with his first short story entitled Wobec czyjegoś życia. In 1936 he published a full collection of short stories called Drogi nieuniknione, in Biblioteka Prosto z mostu, and soon received broad recognition for his new, Catholic-inspired novel Ład serca from 1938. Immediately after World War II, Andrzejewski published the volume Night (Noc, 1945) and his most famous novel so far, Ashes and Diamonds (Popiół i diament, 1948). Having joined the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) in 1950, he left the party after the 1956 Polish October protests and riots.[2] In 1976 he was one of the founding members of the intellectual opposition group KOR (Workers' Defence Committee). Later, Andrzejewski was a strong supporter of Poland's anti-Communist Solidarity movement.

He is thinly fictionalized as "Alpha" in Czesław Miłosz's renowned book The Captive Mind,[1] in which Milosz describes his writing as "sainted and supercilious," and says other Polish writers of the period disliked him and called him a "respectable prostitute."[3]

Although he was frequently considered to be a front-runner for the Nobel Prize for Literature, it was never awarded to him. He reportedly suffered from alcoholism which during his later years may have hindered his literary output and prevented him from becoming a real moral authority.[2] Andrzejewski died of a heart attack in Warsaw in 1983. On 23 September 2006, he was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta by the Polish President Lech Kaczynski.

List of works

  • Unavoidable Roads (Drogi nieuniknione, 1936), a collection of short stories
  • Mode of the Heart (Ład serca, 1938), first novel, winner of the Polish Academy of Literature award
  • Night (Noc, 1945) featuring Holy Week
  • Ashes and Diamonds (Popiół i diament, 1948),[4] film version won Critics' Prize at 1959 Venice Film Festival
  • The Inquisitors (Ciemności kryją ziemię, 1957, tr. 1960)
  • An Effective War (Wojna skuteczna, czyli Opis bitew i potyczek z Zadufkami, 1953), stalinist feel-good story
  • The Gates of Paradise (Bramy raju, 1960), novel notable for being written almost without punctuation, in two sentences
  • A Sitter for a Satyr (Idzie skacząc po górach, 1963) published in the United Kingdom as He Cometh Leaping upon the Mountain

(and others)

References

  1. ^ a b Liukkonen, Petri. "Jerzy Andrzejewski". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 5 December 2006. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b Oscar E. Swan, Holy Week: a novel of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising By Jerzy Andrzejewski, with biographical notes, and photographs. Ohio University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-8214-1715-0
  3. ^ Zielonko, Czeslaw Milosz ; translated from the Polish by Jane (1990). The captive mind (Vintage International ed.). New York: Vintage International. p. 109. ISBN 0679728562.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Polish literature in English translation. 20th century Polish literature, at roadrunner.com.
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