Jump to content

List of human disease case fatality rates: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
4.09%
No edit summary
Line 306: Line 306:
|
|
| data-sort-value="3" | ~4.09%
| data-sort-value="3" | ~4.09%
| data-sort-value="3a" | USA ~2.06%
| Global, up to 17 March 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/|title=Coronavirus Update (Live)|last=|first=|date=|work=Worldometer|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/|title=Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center|website=Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center|language=en|access-date=2020-03-18}}</ref>
| Global, up to 17 March 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/|title=Coronavirus Update (Live)|last=|first=|date=|work=Worldometer|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/|title=Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center|website=Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center|language=en|access-date=2020-03-18}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus#global-case-fatality-rate-of-covid-19 |title=Coronavirus disease (COVID–19) |website=Our World In Data |access-date=12 March 2020 }}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus#global-case-fatality-rate-of-covid-19 |title=Coronavirus disease (COVID–19) |website=Our World In Data |access-date=12 March 2020 }}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e2.htm |title=Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) — United States, February 12–March 16, 2020 |website=Centers For Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=19 March 2020 }}</ref>
|-
|-
|[[Pertussis|Pertussis (whooping cough)]], infants in developing countries
|[[Pertussis|Pertussis (whooping cough)]], infants in developing countries

Revision as of 13:44, 19 March 2020

This is a list of human disease case fatality rates (CFRs). A CFR is the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die during the course of the disease (cf. mortality rate). Data are based on optimally treated patients and exclude isolated cases or minor outbreaks, unless otherwise indicated.

Disease Treatment CFR Notes Reference(s)
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies Currently Incurable 100% Includes Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and all its variants, fatal familial insomnia, kuru, Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome and others. [1]
African trypanosomiasis Untreated ~ 100% [2]
Visceral leishmaniasis Untreated ~ 100% [3]
Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Currently Incurable ~ 100% Death almost always results from complications of FOP, life expectancy is about 40 years [4]
Tay–Sachs disease (pre-adult) Currently Incurable ~ 100% Even with the most high quality care, infants with Tay–Sachs disease usually die within a few years of displaying the first symptoms. Juvenile with the disease are likely to die from the ages 5–15, while those who develop the disease as adults will probably be largely unaffected. [5]
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, Naegleria fowleri Untreated ~ 99% Amphotericin B has shown efficacy in the limited survivorship population. Around 7 documented survivors
Rabies Untreated ~ 99% Preventable with vaccines down to ~0% CFR and treatable with PEP but, once the symptoms manifest, the CFR is near 100%. Around 16 documented survivors after symptom onset, all but 3 did not receive any Rabies (specific) treatment at any time before symptom onset. Of those 3, only 1 survived without the use of a therapeutic coma [6]
Balamuthia Opportunistic & Untreated[7] ~ 99% 2 survivors, both have permanent brain damage. [8]
Glanders, septicemic Untreated 95% The rate drops significantly to >50% with treatment. [9]
Smallpox Variola major – specifically the malignant (flat) or hemorrhagic type Untreated ~ 95% The rate drops significantly to 10% with effective treatments.

Eradicated.

[10]: 28 [11]
Ebola virus disease – specifically EBOV Untreated & Unvaccinated 83–90%
 Prognosis improved by early supportive treatments as seen in the West African epidemic and the Kivu outbreak. [12][13]
AIDS/HIV infection Untreated 80–90% Data are counted during the first 5 years of infection in developed countries. HIV is not lethal on its own but patients are usually killed by respiratory diseases, such as flu or pneumonia because of immunodeficiency caused by HIV virus. [14]: 1 
Anthrax, specifically the pulmonary form Untreated & Unvaccinated > 85% Early treatments lower the CFR to 45% as seen in the 2001 AMERITHRAX letter attacks.

Monoclonal antibodies (Obilotoxaximab & Raxibacumab) could lower this further.

[10]: 88 
Macanine alphaherpesvirus 1 Untreated ~ 80% Early treatment including aciclovir can improve prognosis. [15]
Aspergillosis, invasive pulmonary form Opportunistic w/COPD, Tuberculosis and Immunocompromised 50–90% [16]
Smallpox, Variola major – in pregnant women Unvaccinated > 65% [10]: 88 
Cryptococcal meningitis Co-infection with HIV 40–60% 6 month mortality is >=60% with fluconazole-based therapy and 40% with amphotercin-based therapy in research studies in low and middle income countries. [17]
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 ~ 60% [18]
Bubonic plague Untreated & Unvaccinated 5–60% [10]: 57 
Tularemia, pneumonic Untreated ≤ 60% [10]: 78 
Anthrax, gastrointestinal, intestinal type Untreated & Unvaccinated > 50% [10]: 27 
Marburg virus disease – all outbreaks combined Untreated 23–90% 23% in 1967 when it was first identified and 90% in 2004-2005 when the worst outbreak of the disease occurred. Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Filoviridae [19][20]
Plague, pneumonic Untreated & Unvaccinated 50% [10]: 58 
Tetanus, Generalized Untreated & Unvaccinated 50% CFR drops to 10–20% with effective treatment. [21]
Reye's Syndrome > 40% [22]
Baylisascariasis ~40% With occurrence of Neural Larva Migrans; early, aggressive treatment necessary for survival, but only 2 full recoveries from NLM ever documented [23]
Plague, septicemic Untreated & Unvaccinated 30–50% [10]: 58 
Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 35% Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Coronaviridae [24]
Tularemia, typhoidal Untreated 3–35% [10]: 77 
Eastern equine encephalitis virus ~ 33% [25]
Anthrax, gastrointestinal, oropharyngeal type 10–50% [10]: 27 
Tuberculosis, HIV Negative Vaccine 43% Vaccines have been developed but have been frequently dismissed for having received controversial and improper testing on African populations. [26]
Smallpox, Variola major Unvaccinated 30% [10]: 88 
Varicella (chickenpox), in newborns Untreated ~ 30% Where the mothers develop the disease between 5 days prior to, or 2 days after delivery. [14]: 110 
Cancer (overall) Treated 30% ~97% will die within five years if untreated.[27] [28]
Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) Untreated 26% Dengue haemorrhagic fever is also known as severe dengue.[29] [30]
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) Untreated ~21% Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Bunyavirales [31]
Leptospirosis < 5–30% [14]: 352 
Legionellosis ~ 15% [14]: 665 
Anorexia Nervosa Cohort summary 16% [32]
Meningococcal disease Untreated & Unvaccinated 10–20% [33]
Typhoid fever Untreated & Unvaccinated 10–20% [14]: 665 
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 11% Galidesivir has shown promise in treating Coronaviridae [34]
Intestinal capillariasis Untreated ~ 10% [35]
Visceral leishmaniasis ~ 10% [36]
Botulism Treated < 10% Untreated foodborne botulism is thought to be ~50% [37]
Diphtheria, respiratory Untreated & Unvaccinated ~ 5–10% [38]
Yellow fever Unvaccinated 7.5% [39]
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ~4.09% USA ~2.06% Global, up to 17 March 2020.[40][41] [42] [43]
Pertussis (whooping cough), infants in developing countries Unvaccinated ~ 3.7% [14]: 456 
Smallpox, Variola major Vaccinated 3% [10]: 88 
Spanish (1918) flu Treated > 2.5% [44]
Angiostrongyliasis ~2.4% From Hawaiian cases. [45]
Measles (rubeola), in developing countries Unvaccinated ~ 1–3% May reach 10–30% in some localities. [14]: 431 
Brucellosis Untreated ≤ 2% [14]: 87 
Hepatitis A, adults > 50 years old Unvaccinated ~ 1.8% [14]: 278 
Lassa fever ~ 1% 15% in hospitalized patients; higher in some epidemics. [14]: 334 
Mumps encephalitis Unvaccinated ~ 1% [14]: 431 
Pertussis (whooping cough), children in developing countries Unvaccinated ~ 1% For children 1–4 years old. [14]: 456 
Smallpox, Variola minor Unvaccinated 1% [10]: 87–88 
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) < 1% [10]: 97–98 
Anthrax, cutaneous < 1% [10]: 27 
Malaria ~ 0.3% [46]
Hepatitis A Unvaccinated 0.1–0.3% [14]: 278 
Asian (1956–58) flu ~ 0.1% [47]
Hong Kong (1968–69) flu ~ 0.1% [47]
Influenza A, typical pandemics < 0.1% [44]
Varicella (chickenpox), adults Unvaccinated 0.02% This is 1:5,000. [14]: 110 
Hand, foot and mouth disease, children < 5 years old 0.01% This is 1:10,000. [48]
Varicella (chickenpox), children Unvaccinated 0.001% This is 1:100,000. [14]: 110 

See also

References

  1. ^ Krance SH, Luke R, Shenouda M, Israwi AR, Colpitts SJ, Darwish L, et al. (January 2020). "Cellular models for discovering prion disease therapeutics: Progress and challenges". Journal of Neurochemistry. n/a (n/a): e14956. doi:10.1111/jnc.14956. PMID 31943194.
  2. ^ "African Sleeping Sickness". Seattle Biomed. 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-06-07. Retrieved 2014-06-04.
  3. ^ World Health Organization, (2013) "Health Topics: Leishmaniasis."
  4. ^ Kaplan FS, Zasloff MA, Kitterman JA, Shore EM, Hong CC, Rocke DM (March 2010). "Early mortality and cardiorespiratory failure in patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. 92 (3): 686–91. doi:10.2106/JBJS.I.00705. PMC 2827822. PMID 20194327.
  5. ^ Colaianni A, Chandrasekharan S, Cook-Deegan R (April 2010). "Impact of gene patents and licensing practices on access to genetic testing and carrier screening for Tay-Sachs and Canavan disease". Genetics in Medicine. 12 (4 Suppl): S5–S14. doi:10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181d5a669. PMC 3042321. PMID 20393311.
  6. ^ "Rabies Fact Sheet N°99". World Health Organization. July 2013. Retrieved 28 February 2014.
  7. ^ Baig AM (December 2014). "Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis: ghost response of an immunocompromised host?". Journal of Medical Microbiology. 63 (Pt 12): 1763–1766. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.081315-0. PMID 25239626.
  8. ^ (2003)
  9. ^ New Jersey Department of Agriculture (2003), Glanders: Infections in Humans
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o USAMRIID (2011). USAMRIID's Medical Management of Biological Casualties Handbook (PDF) (7th ed.). U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 9780160900150.
  11. ^ "Smallpox Disease and Its Clinical Management" (PDF). From the training course titled "Smallpox: Disease, Prevention, and Intervention" (www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/training/overview). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-05-10. Retrieved 2007-12-26.
  12. ^ "Ebola virus disease Fact sheet N°103". World Health Organization. March 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  13. ^ Fauquet CM, Mayo MA, Maniloff J, Desselberger U, Ball LA, eds. (2005). Virus taxonomy: classification and nomenclature of viruses. Oxford: Elsevier/Academic Press. p. 648. ISBN 978-0-08057-548-3.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Heymann, David L., ed. (2008). Control of Communicable Diseases Manual (19th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association. ISBN 978-0-87553-189-2. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ Liu, Dongyou (2014-04-08). Manual of Security Sensitive Microbes and Toxins. CRC Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-4665-5396-5. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ M. Kousha, R. Tadi and A.O. Soubani, Pulmonary aspergillosis: a clinical review, European Respiratory Review, September 1, 2011, vol. 20, no. 121, 156–174.
  17. ^ Rajasingham R, Rolfes MA, Birkenkamp KE, Meya DB, Boulware DR (25 September 2012). "Cryptococcal meningitis treatment strategies in resource-limited settings: a cost-effectiveness analysis". PLoS Medicine. 9 (9): e1001316. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001316. PMC 3463510. PMID 23055838.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  18. ^ "Cumulative number of confirmed human cases for avian influenza A(H5N1) reported to WHO, 2003-2013" (PDF). World Health Organization. Retrieved January 16, 2015.
  19. ^ Jacob H, Solcher H (July 1968). "[An infectious disease transmitted by Cercopithecus aethiops ("marbury disease") with glial nodule encephalitis]". Acta Neuropathologica. 11 (1): 29–44. doi:10.1007/bf00692793. PMID 5748997.
  20. ^ Hovette P (2005). "[Epidemic of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in Angola]". Medecine Tropicale. 65 (2): 127–8. PMID 16038348.
  21. ^ "What is the mortality rate for tetanus (lockjaw)?". www.medscape.com. Retrieved 2019-08-14.
  22. ^ Degnan, Lisa A. (20 March 2012). "Reye's Syndrome: A Rare But Serious Pediatric Condition". USPharmacist.com. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ Kazacos, Kevin R. (2016). "Baylisascaris Larva Migrans". Circular 1412. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ Alsolamy S, Arabi YM (2015). "Infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus". Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy. 51 (4): 102. PMC 4631129. PMID 26566382.
  25. ^ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (16 August 2010) "Eastern Equine Encephalitis."
  26. ^ Tiemersma EW, van der Werf MJ, Borgdorff MW, Williams BG, Nagelkerke NJ (April 2011). "Natural history of tuberculosis: duration and fatality of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV negative patients: a systematic review". PloS One. 6 (4): e17601. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...617601T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017601. PMC 3070694. PMID 21483732.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  27. ^ Shimkin MB, Griswold MH, Cutler SJ (1984). "Classics in oncology. Survival in untreated and treated cancer". Ca. 34 (5): 282–94. doi:10.3322/canjclin.34.5.282. PMID 6432240.
  28. ^ Cancer Australia (2015-12-18). "5-year relative survival". National Cancer Control Indicators. Retrieved 2018-12-10.
  29. ^ "Dengue and severe dengue". World Health Organization. Fact sheet N°117. March 2014. Retrieved 2014-08-08.
  30. ^ Ranjit S, Kissoon N (January 2011). "Dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndromes". Pediatric Critical Care Medicine. 12 (1): 90–100. doi:10.1097/PCC.0b013e3181e911a7. PMID 20639791.
  31. ^ Alonso DO, Iglesias A, Coelho R, Periolo N, Bruno A, Córdoba MT, et al. (July 2019). "Epidemiological description, case-fatality rate, and trends of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome: 9 years of surveillance in Argentina". Journal of Medical Virology. 91 (7): 1173–1181. doi:10.1002/jmv.25446. PMID 30840775.
  32. ^ Löwe B, Zipfel S, Buchholz C, Dupont Y, Reas DL, Herzog W (July 2001). "Long-term outcome of anorexia nervosa in a prospective 21-year follow-up study". Psychological Medicine. 31 (5): 881–90. doi:10.1017/S003329170100407X. PMID 11459385.
  33. ^ Ghuneim N, Dheir M, Issawi F (2013-12-05). "Incidence and case-fatality rate of meningococcal meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory, during 2011". The Lancet. 382: S12. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62584-2. ISSN 0140-6736.
  34. ^ "Consensus document on the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)" (PDF). Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response. World Health Organization. 2003. p. 10.
  35. ^ Bernstein, David. "Intestinal Parasite Infections From Roundworms – Description, Diagnosis, Treatment". Fungus Focus. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ "Initiative for Vaccine Research (IVR): Parasitic Diseases – Leishmaniasis". World Health Organization. 2013.
  37. ^ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1998), "Botulism in the United States: A Clinical and Epidemiologic Review"
  38. ^ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (7 February 2011) "Diphtheria."
  39. ^ "Yellow fever". Fact sheets. World Health Organization. 7 May 2019.
  40. ^ "Coronavirus Update (Live)". Worldometer.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  41. ^ "Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center". Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Retrieved 2020-03-18.
  42. ^ "Coronavirus disease (COVID–19)". Our World In Data. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  43. ^ "Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) — United States, February 12–March 16, 2020". Centers For Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  44. ^ a b Taubenberger JK, Morens DM (January 2006). "1918 Influenza: the mother of all pandemics". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 12. 12 (1). Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 15–22. doi:10.3201/eid1201.050979. PMC 3291398. PMID 16494711.
  45. ^ Johnston DI, Dixon MC, Elm JL, Calimlim PS, Sciulli RH, Park SY (September 2019). "Review of Cases of Angiostrongyliasis in Hawaii, 2007-2017". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 101 (3): 608–616. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.19-0280. PMC 6726938. PMID 31287041.
  46. ^ "Malaria". WHO. WHO. December 2014. Retrieved 14 Jan 2015.
  47. ^ a b Li FC, Choi BC, Sly T, Pak AW (June 2008). "Finding the real case-fatality rate of H5N1 avian influenza". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 62 (6): 555–9. doi:10.1136/jech.2007.064030. PMID 18477756.
  48. ^ Wang X, Wu X, Jia L, Li X, Li J, Li S, Qian H, Wang Q (August 2014). "Estimating the number of hand, foot and mouth disease amongst children aged under-five in Beijing during 2012, based on a telephone survey of healthcare seeking behavior". BMC Infectious Diseases. 14: 437. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-437. PMC 4149051. PMID 25117760.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_human_disease_case_fatality_rates&oldid=946325247"