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|awards=American Heart Association Lifetime Achievement Award for Trauma Resuscitation Science}}
|awards=American Heart Association Lifetime Achievement Award for Trauma Resuscitation Science}}


'''Hasan Badre Alam''' is a trauma surgeon, surgeon-scientist, and a medical professor in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://health.usnews.com/doctors/hasan-alam-222181|title=US. Health News: Dr. Hasan B. Alam MD|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|accessdate=20 April 2020}}</ref> He served as the Norman W. Thompson Professor of Surgery, and the Section Head of General Surgery at [[Michigan Medicine]], [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]], [[Michigan]] from 2012-2020.<ref name="MCIRCC">{{cite web|url=https://mcircc.umich.edu/members/hasan-b-alam-md|title=Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC): Hasan B. Alam, MD|last=|first=|date=|website=Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Faculty {{!}} Trauma Burn Center |url=https://traumaburn.org/about/meet-team/faculty |website=traumaburn.org}}</ref>
'''Hasan Badre Alam''' is a trauma surgeon, surgeon-scientist, and a medical professor in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://health.usnews.com/doctors/hasan-alam-222181|title=US. Health News: Dr. Hasan B. Alam MD|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|accessdate=20 April 2020}}</ref> He is the Loyal and Edith Davis Professor of Surgery, the Chairman of the Department of Surgery at the [[Feinberg School of Medicine|Feinberg School of Medicine (FSM)/Northwestern University]], and the Surgeon-in-Chief at [[Northwestern Memorial Hospital|Northwestern Memorial Hospital (NMH)]] in Chicago. <ref>{{cite web|title=Distinguished Surgeon Named Chair of Surgery|url=https://news.feinberg.northwestern.edu/2020/03/distinguished-surgeon-named-chair-of-surgery/|website=news.feinberg.northwestern.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Faculty Profile|url=https://www.feinberg.northwestern.edu/faculty-profiles/az/profile.html?xid=48291|access-date=2020-09-07|website=www.feinberg.northwestern.edu|language=en}}</ref>

⚫
Alam is an academic trauma surgeon. He is an international leader in bench-to-clinic translational trauma research.<ref name="MCIRCC">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC): Hasan B. Alam, MD|url=https://mcircc.umich.edu/members/hasan-b-alam-md|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care}}</ref><ref name="MGH" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.medicineatmichigan.org/sites/default/files/archives/limelight_23.pdf|title=Limelight - Faculty Honor Awards (Medicine at Michigan)|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> In 2017, he was awarded the [[American Heart Association]] [[Lifetime Achievement Award]] for Trauma Resuscitation Science.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Latest in Resuscitation Science Research|year = 2018|pages=e008589|doi=10.1161/JAHA.118.008589|last1 = Leary|first1 = Marion|last2 = McGovern|first2 = Shaun|last3 = Dainty|first3 = Katie N.|last4 = Doshi|first4 = Ankur A.|last5 = Blewer|first5 = Audrey L.|last6 = Kurz|first6 = Michael C.|last7 = Reynolds|first7 = Joshua C.|last8 = Rittenberger|first8 = Jon C.|last9 = Hazinski|first9 = Mary Fran|journal = Journal of the American Heart Association|volume = 7|issue = 2|pmid = 29358196|pmc = 5850173}}</ref>


⚫
Alam is an academic trauma surgeon. He is an international leader in bench-to-clinic translational trauma research.<ref name="MCIRCC" /><ref name="MGH" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://www.medicineatmichigan.org/sites/default/files/archives/limelight_23.pdf|title=Limelight - Faculty Honor Awards (Medicine at Michigan)|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> In 2017, he was awarded the [[American Heart Association]] [[Lifetime Achievement Award]] for Trauma Resuscitation Science.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Latest in Resuscitation Science Research|year = 2018|pages=e008589|doi=10.1161/JAHA.118.008589|last1 = Leary|first1 = Marion|last2 = McGovern|first2 = Shaun|last3 = Dainty|first3 = Katie N.|last4 = Doshi|first4 = Ankur A.|last5 = Blewer|first5 = Audrey L.|last6 = Kurz|first6 = Michael C.|last7 = Reynolds|first7 = Joshua C.|last8 = Rittenberger|first8 = Jon C.|last9 = Hazinski|first9 = Mary Fran|journal = Journal of the American Heart Association|volume = 7|issue = 2|pmid = 29358196|pmc = 5850173}}</ref>
==Biography==
==Biography==


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Alam has delivered lectures at national and international forums on topics ranging from combat casualty care to achieving academic success in surgery.<ref name=":2" /> In 2010, he was featured on the [[ABC Television|ABC]] television series [[Boston Med]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=ABC Channel. Boston Med, Episode 6. Primetime show featuring real life medical cases, including trauma patient treated by Dr. Alam at the Massachusetts General Hospital. July 29, 2010.|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGOH1vOrtXk|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> He served as the Chair of the [https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/trauma/about-trauma/regional Massachusetts Committee on Trauma] from 2009 to 2012.<ref name="camtrast">{{cite web|title=CAMTRAST {{!}} Hasan Alam, M.D.|url=https://camtrast.med.umich.edu/about/people/hasan-alam-md|last=|first=|date=|website=camtrast.med.umich.edu|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> He is the Vice-Chair of the Multi-institutional Trials Committee for the [https://www.aast.org/Default.aspx American Association for the Surgery of Trauma].<ref>{{cite web|title=Committees|url=https://www.aast.org/About/Committees.aspx|date=23 June 2016|website=The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma|language=en}}</ref> He currently serves on the editorial board of multiple journals including the [[Annals of Surgery]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Editorial Board : Annals of Surgery|url=https://journals.lww.com/annalsofsurgery/pages/editorialboard.aspx|website=journals.lww.com}}</ref> the [[Journal of the American College of Surgeons]],<ref>{{cite web|title=JACS Editorial Board|url=https://www.facs.org/publications/jacs/editorial|website=American College of Surgeons|language=en}}</ref> and the [[Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Editorial Board : Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery|url=https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/pages/editorialboard.aspx|website=journals.lww.com}}</ref>
Alam has delivered lectures at national and international forums on topics ranging from combat casualty care to achieving academic success in surgery.<ref name=":2" /> In 2010, he was featured on the [[ABC Television|ABC]] television series [[Boston Med]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=ABC Channel. Boston Med, Episode 6. Primetime show featuring real life medical cases, including trauma patient treated by Dr. Alam at the Massachusetts General Hospital. July 29, 2010.|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGOH1vOrtXk|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> He served as the Chair of the [https://www.facs.org/quality-programs/trauma/about-trauma/regional Massachusetts Committee on Trauma] from 2009 to 2012.<ref name="camtrast">{{cite web|title=CAMTRAST {{!}} Hasan Alam, M.D.|url=https://camtrast.med.umich.edu/about/people/hasan-alam-md|last=|first=|date=|website=camtrast.med.umich.edu|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> He is the Vice-Chair of the Multi-institutional Trials Committee for the [https://www.aast.org/Default.aspx American Association for the Surgery of Trauma].<ref>{{cite web|title=Committees|url=https://www.aast.org/About/Committees.aspx|date=23 June 2016|website=The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma|language=en}}</ref> He currently serves on the editorial board of multiple journals including the [[Annals of Surgery]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Editorial Board : Annals of Surgery|url=https://journals.lww.com/annalsofsurgery/pages/editorialboard.aspx|website=journals.lww.com}}</ref> the [[Journal of the American College of Surgeons]],<ref>{{cite web|title=JACS Editorial Board|url=https://www.facs.org/publications/jacs/editorial|website=American College of Surgeons|language=en}}</ref> and the [[Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Editorial Board : Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery|url=https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/pages/editorialboard.aspx|website=journals.lww.com}}</ref>


Dr. Alam served as the Norman W. Thompson Professor of Surgery, and the Section Head of General Surgery at [[Michigan Medicine]], [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]], [[Michigan]] from 2012-2020.<ref name="MCIRCC" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Faculty {{!}} Trauma Burn Center|url=https://traumaburn.org/about/meet-team/faculty|website=traumaburn.org}}</ref>
In 2020, Alam was appointed as the Loyal and Edith Davis Professor of Surgery and Chairman of the Department of Surgery at the [[Feinberg School of Medicine|Feinberg School of Medicine (FSM)/Northwestern University]], and Surgeon-in-Chief at [[Northwestern Memorial Hospital|Northwestern Memorial Hospital (NMH)]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.feinberg.northwestern.edu/2020/03/distinguished-surgeon-named-chair-of-surgery/|title=Distinguished Surgeon Named Chair of Surgery|website=news.feinberg.northwestern.edu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aamc.org/professional-development/affinity-groups/cfas/people-academic-medicine|title=The People of Academic Medicine|website=AAMC|language=en}}</ref>

==Research and Clinical Interests==
== Research and Clinical Interests ==



Dr. Alam's clinical focuses are in the areas of emergency general surgery, trauma, and surgical critical care. His research focuses on traumatic brain injury, hemorrhagic shock, cell preservation and response modulation to injuries, hemorrhage control, and development of novel treatments for sepsis.<ref name="MCIRCC" /> His research is funded by various national funding agencies including the [[National Institutes of Health|National Institutes of Health (NIH)]], the [[Office of Naval Research|Office of Naval Research (ONR)]], and the [[United States Department of Defense|United States Department of Defense (D.o.D)]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Speakers & Panelists – CTTACC |url=https://cttacc.org/speakers/}}</ref>[[File:Military First Aid Kit.png|thumb|Military First Aid Kit with QuickClot®|alt=]]
Dr. Alam's clinical focuses are in the areas of emergency general surgery, trauma, and surgical critical care. His research focuses on traumatic brain injury, hemorrhagic shock, cell preservation and response modulation to injuries, hemorrhage control, and development of novel treatments for sepsis.<ref name="MCIRCC" /> His research is funded by various national funding agencies including the [[National Institutes of Health|National Institutes of Health (NIH)]], the [[Office of Naval Research|Office of Naval Research (ONR)]], and the [[United States Department of Defense|United States Department of Defense (D.o.D)]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Speakers & Panelists – CTTACC |url=https://cttacc.org/speakers/}}</ref>[[File:Military First Aid Kit.png|thumb|Military First Aid Kit with QuickClot®|alt=]]
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==The Alam Laboratory==
==The Alam Laboratory==


Dr. Alam has led a trauma research laboratory that started at the Uniformed Services University and then moved to the Massachusetts General Hospital, before relocating to the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.<ref name="Alam Lab" /> Currently, the laboratory is housed in the North Campus Research Complex, a facility that earlier served as the headquarters for [[Pfizer|Pfizer Pharmaceuticals]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History {{!}} North Campus Research Complex |url=https://ncrc.umich.edu/about-ncrc/ncrc-background/history |website=ncrc.umich.edu}}</ref> In late 2020, he is planning to relocate the laboratory to the Feinberg School of Medicine Campus in Downtown, Chicago. The Alam lab produces quality research to improve trauma outcomes in both civilian and uniformed populations.<ref name=":0" />
Dr. Alam has led a trauma research laboratory that started at the Uniformed Services University and then moved to the Massachusetts General Hospital, before relocating to the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.<ref name="Alam Lab" /> Currently, the laboratory is housed in the Feinberg School of Medicine Campus in Downtown, Chicago. The Alam lab continues to produce quality research to improve trauma outcomes in both civilian and uniformed populations.<ref name=":0" />




Revision as of 03:23, 7 September 2020

Hasan B. Alam
BornAugust 29,1966
 Pakistan
Nationality United States of America
TitleNorman W. Thompson Professor of Surgery, University of Michigan
SpouseTracy Alam
ChildrenMayah and Aliya
AwardsAmerican Heart Association Lifetime Achievement Award for Trauma Resuscitation Science
WebsiteThe Alam Laboratory

Hasan Badre Alam is a trauma surgeon, surgeon-scientist, and a medical professor in the United States.[1] He is the Loyal and Edith Davis Professor of Surgery, the Chairman of the Department of Surgery at the Feinberg School of Medicine (FSM)/Northwestern University, and the Surgeon-in-Chief at Northwestern Memorial Hospital (NMH) in Chicago. [2][3]

Alam is an academic trauma surgeon. He is an international leader in bench-to-clinic translational trauma research.[4][5][6] In 2017, he was awarded the American Heart Association Lifetime Achievement Award for Trauma Resuscitation Science.[7]

Biography

Early Life and Education

Alam was born in Quetta, Pakistan. He wanted to be a surgeon from early on in life. After completing medical education at the Aga Khan University Medical College, Pakistan in 1990, he moved to the United States for surgical training.[8]

Training and Medical Career

Dr. Alam is an American Board of Surgery-certified trauma and critical care surgeon.[9] He completed a surgical residency at the Washington Hospital Center/Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., which was known as the murder capital in the early 1990s.[10][4] While taking care of young trauma patients during residency training, Alam realized his passion for trauma surgery. There he also met his mentor, Peter M. Rhee, who served as a major inspiration.[11] After completing residency training, Alam received post-doctoral research training at the Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences (USUHS) in Bethesda, MD.[4] Prior to moving to the University of Michigan in 2012, Alam served as the Professor of Surgery at the Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.[5] There he acted as the Founding Medical Director of Multi-Specialty Intensive Care Unit, and the Director of Surgical Critical Care Fellowship Program at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).[4] He was also the director of research in the Division of Trauma at MGH.[5] He received an Honorary Master’s Degree (Artium Magistrum) from Harvard University.

Alam has delivered lectures at national and international forums on topics ranging from combat casualty care to achieving academic success in surgery.[11] In 2010, he was featured on the ABC television series Boston Med.[12] He served as the Chair of the Massachusetts Committee on Trauma from 2009 to 2012.[13] He is the Vice-Chair of the Multi-institutional Trials Committee for the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma.[14] He currently serves on the editorial board of multiple journals including the Annals of Surgery,[15] the Journal of the American College of Surgeons,[16] and the Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery.[17]

Dr. Alam served as the Norman W. Thompson Professor of Surgery, and the Section Head of General Surgery at Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan from 2012-2020.[4][18]

Research and Clinical Interests

Dr. Alam's clinical focuses are in the areas of emergency general surgery, trauma, and surgical critical care. His research focuses on traumatic brain injury, hemorrhagic shock, cell preservation and response modulation to injuries, hemorrhage control, and development of novel treatments for sepsis.[4] His research is funded by various national funding agencies including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Office of Naval Research (ONR), and the United States Department of Defense (D.o.D).[19]

Military First Aid Kit with QuickClot®

Alam has authored about 300 peer-reviewed manuscripts with around 5000 citations.[20] In 2001, in collaboration with the Office of Naval Research, Alam was the first to successfully test the hemostatic dressing QuickClot® for use on the battlefield. For him, this meant “your buddy has to stop the bleeding, not the medic, not the surgeon”.[21][22][23] Within months of testing, QuickClot® was deployed for use by the special operation forces in Afghanistan.[24] His work on QuickClot® has been featured in an interview on the surgery podcast series Behind the Knife.[25]

Alam's work on suspended animation models and therapeutic hypothermia as a treatment strategy to improve outcomes in trauma patients received international coverage.[26][27][28][29] By suspending hundreds of injured pigs in hypothermia for more than an hour each, Alam has proved that crucial time can be bought to fix lethal injuries without compromising the vital organs.[30][31][32] "With the pig essentially dead (in hypothermia), we've got hours to fix it", says Alam.[30] His work helped in the conception of a federally funded clinical trial on the use of profound hypothermia in patients with traumatic arrest.[33]

His ongoing research aims to create ‘survivors out of non-survivors’ using novel cell-preserving drugs that target epigenetic modulation to treat critically ill trauma patients.[34][35][36][37] The aim is to create an economical, shelf-stable and easy to administer treatment, in the form of a pill or an injection, that the soldiers can use on the battlefield to survive the critical first few hours of injuries.[6] “If we can sustain the patient through the first few hours, not only will they recover, but they can return to being contributing members of society ”, says Alam.[6] One such drug, valproic acid, is currently under clinical testing for use in hemorrhagic shock and traumatic brain injury.[38]

Dr. Alam holds more than 10 patents including the patent on 'portable hand pump for evacuation of fluids', which is used widely in hospitals around the world.[39]

The Alam Laboratory

Dr. Alam has led a trauma research laboratory that started at the Uniformed Services University and then moved to the Massachusetts General Hospital, before relocating to the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.[33] Currently, the laboratory is housed in the Feinberg School of Medicine Campus in Downtown, Chicago. The Alam lab continues to produce quality research to improve trauma outcomes in both civilian and uniformed populations.[20]


References

  1. ^ "US. Health News: Dr. Hasan B. Alam MD". Retrieved 20 April 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ^ "Distinguished Surgeon Named Chair of Surgery". news.feinberg.northwestern.edu.
  3. ^ "Faculty Profile". www.feinberg.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2020-09-07.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care (MCIRCC): Hasan B. Alam, MD". Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b c "New Appointments to Full Professor (4/7/11)". hms.harvard.edu.
  6. ^ a b c "Limelight - Faculty Honor Awards (Medicine at Michigan)" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ Leary, Marion; McGovern, Shaun; Dainty, Katie N.; Doshi, Ankur A.; Blewer, Audrey L.; Kurz, Michael C.; Reynolds, Joshua C.; Rittenberger, Jon C.; Hazinski, Mary Fran (2018). "The Latest in Resuscitation Science Research". Journal of the American Heart Association. 7 (2): e008589. doi:10.1161/JAHA.118.008589. PMC 5850173. PMID 29358196.
  8. ^ "Board of Registration in Medicine - Physician Profile". profiles.ehs.state.ma.us.
  9. ^ "Hasan Badre Alam MBBS | Michigan Medicine". www.uofmhealth.org.
  10. ^ "Crime in Washington, D.C.", Wikipedia, 2020-04-15, retrieved 2020-05-04
  11. ^ a b "New Trends in Resuscitation; Hasan B Alam, MD".
  12. ^ "ABC Channel. Boston Med, Episode 6. Primetime show featuring real life medical cases, including trauma patient treated by Dr. Alam at the Massachusetts General Hospital. July 29, 2010".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ "CAMTRAST | Hasan Alam, M.D." camtrast.med.umich.edu.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "Committees". The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. 23 June 2016.
  15. ^ "Editorial Board : Annals of Surgery". journals.lww.com.
  16. ^ "JACS Editorial Board". American College of Surgeons.
  17. ^ "Editorial Board : Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery". journals.lww.com.
  18. ^ "Faculty | Trauma Burn Center". traumaburn.org.
  19. ^ "Speakers & Panelists – CTTACC".
  20. ^ a b "Google Scholar - Hasan Alam". scholar.google.com.
  21. ^ Kolata, Gina (30 March 2003). "A NATION AT WAR: MILITARY MEDICINE; Armed With New Tools and Tactics, Doctors Head to the Battlefield". The New York Times.
  22. ^ Alam, HB; Uy, GB; Miller, D; Koustova, E; Hancock, T; Inocencio, R; Anderson, D; Llorente, O; Rhee, P (June 2003). "Comparative analysis of hemostatic agents in a swine model of lethal groin injury". The Journal of Trauma. 54 (6): 1077–82. doi:10.1097/01.TA.0000068258.99048.70. PMID 12813325.
  23. ^ "Made-for-the-military products put brakes on bleeding - CNN.com". edition.cnn.com.
  24. ^ "Buying Time | Surgery | Michigan Medicine". Surgery. 4 August 2016.
  25. ^ "Behind The Knife: The Surgery Podcast: #125: Dr. Hasan Alam on QuickClot, the "Golden Hour", and EPR". behindtheknife.libsyn.com.
  26. ^ Murphy, Kate (9 June 2014). "Killing a Patient to Save His Life". The New York Times.
  27. ^ "Freezing A Body For Surgery Could Save Lives". NPR.org.
  28. ^ "Doctors are ready to test temporary 'suspended animation' to save people with severe injuries". Public Radio International.
  29. ^ "MEDIZIN : Ausflug ins Jenseits - DER SPIEGEL 38/2005". www.spiegel.de. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
  30. ^ a b Staff, WIRED (2006-07-01). "Stuck Pig". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
  31. ^ Trivedi, Bijal. "Suspended animation: putting life on hold". New Scientist. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
  32. ^ Twilley, Nicola. "Can Hypothermia Save Gunshot Victims?". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
  33. ^ a b "Research | Surgery Research | Michigan Medicine". Surgery Research. 21 December 2018.
  34. ^ "Novel Prosurvival Strategies Enhance Prolonged Field Care". cdmrp.army.mil.
  35. ^ Alam, Hasan. "Modulation of Acetylation in the Treatment of Lethal Injuries". Grantome.
  36. ^ Alam, HB (July 2017). "Trauma care: Finding a better way". PLOS Medicine. 14 (7): e1002350. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002350. PMC 5515406. PMID 28719633.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  37. ^ "Highlights from the 2015 Western Trauma Association Meeting - Podcast #49 - EP Traumacast - The Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma". www.east.org. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
  38. ^ Georgoff, Patrick E.; Nikolian, Vahagn C.; Bonham, Tess; Pai, Manjunath P.; Tafatia, Celia; Halaweish, Ihab; To, Kathleen; Watcharotone, Kuanwong; Parameswaran, Aishwarya; Luo, Ruijuan; Sun, Duxin (Feb 2018). "Safety and Tolerability of Intravenous Valproic Acid in Healthy Subjects: A Phase I Dose-Escalation Trial". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 57 (2): 209–219. doi:10.1007/s40262-017-0553-1. ISSN 1179-1926. PMC 5699961. PMID 28497259.
  39. ^ "Hasan B. Alam Inventions, Patents and Patent Applications - Justia Patents Search". patents.justia.com.
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