List of administrative and municipal divisions of Adygea
| Republic of Adygea, Russia | 
|
|---|---|
| Capital: Maykop | |
| As of 2007:[1] | |
| # of districts | 7 |
| # of cities/towns | 2 |
| # of urban-type settlements | 5 |
| # of rural okrugs | 46 |
| As of 2002:[2] | |
| # of rural settlements | 224 |
| # of uninhabited rural settlements |
4 |
This is a list of units of administrative and territorial division of the Republic of Adygea, a federal subject of Russia. Adygea, located on the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, was established as an autonomy of the Adyghe people (Circassians) in Russia, although in practice Adyghe only account for 24.2% of the population (118,115 people as per results of the 2002 Census), with Russians being a majority (288,280, or 64.5%). Republic of Adygea is an enclave within Krasnodar Krai.
History
Cherkess (Adyghe) Autonomous Oblast was established within the Russian SFSR on July 27, 1922 on the territories where the Adyghe people were a majority. As these territories were all rural with no large cities or towns, during the first years the autonomous oblast had no capital, and its government was located in nearby city of Krasnodar.[3] At that time, the autonomous oblast was administratively divided into three okrugs: Farssky, Psekupsky, and Shirvansky.[4] The autonomous oblast was first renamed "Adyghe (Cherkess) Autonomous Oblast" on August 24, 1922, and then renamed "Adyghe Autonomous Oblast" in July of 1928.[4]
On September 2, 1924, the autonomous oblast was redistricted and divided into five districts comprising 32 selsovets.[5]
In the 1930s, with the change of the policies towards ethnic territories, a decision was made to mix the native Adyghe population with Russians. In 1936, the city of Maykop with surrounding territories and predominantly Russian population was transferred to the autonomous oblast,[3] forming what is now Maykopsky District. Originally, the port town of Tuapse was considered for the role of the capital, but it was decided against out of the fear of granting the Adyghes access to the sea.[3]
In 1991, Adyghea declared its sovereignty and broke off from Krasnodar Krai, an administrative entity of which it was considered during the Soviet period. As a result, it was elevated in status to that of a republic within the Russian Federation.
In 2004–2006, an attempt was made to eliminate the Adyghe autonomy and to incorporate its territory into Krasnodar Krai. The proposal to unite the two federal subjects met strong resistance among the native Adyghe population and eventually failed. It is, however, still possible that a referendum will be held in both Adygea and Krasnodar Krai regarding the unification.[3]
Administrative division structure
Modern administrative and territorial division of Adygea is regulated by the Law #171,[6] passed by the State Council—Khase on April 26, 2000 with subsequent amendments.[7] The Law established the following types of administrative units:
- district (район)—an administrative unit with an administrative center. Districts are established to govern urban and rural settlements located on their territories, with the exception of cities/towns under republic's jurisdiction.
- inhabited localities (населённые пункты):
- urban settlements (городские поселения)—settlements with population exceeding a certain threshold and mostly employed in industries specific to urban areas:
- city/town (город):
- city/town under republic's jurisdiction (город республиканского значения);
- city/town under a district's jurisdiction (город районного значения); not implemented in pratice
- urban-type settlement (посёлок городского типа):
- work settlement (рабочий посёлок);
- suburban (dacha) settlement (дачный посёлок);
- resort settlement (курортный посёлок)
- city/town (город):
- rural settlements (сельские поселения)—non-urban settlements with population employed mostly in agricultural sector. The names of the types of rural settlements are different for historic reasons, and in reality they all have equal status:
- urban settlements (городские поселения)—settlements with population exceeding a certain threshold and mostly employed in industries specific to urban areas:
Local government is established in cities/towns under republic's jurisdiction and on the district level:
- urban okrugs (городские округа), comprising the territory of a city/town proper, including its microdistricts and sometimes adjacent rural okrugs. Urban okrugs have not been implemented in practice as of 2007.
- rural okrugs (сельские (поселковые) округа), comprising one or several rural-type settlements.
Changes in the overall administrative and territorial structure of the Republic are authorized by the State Council—Khase. Local-level changes are in the area of competence of the local governments.
List of administrative divisions
Cities and towns under republic's jurisdiction
| Name | Population[8] | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Russian | Adyghe | ||
| Maykop | Майкоп | Мыекъуапэ | 156,931 |
| Adygeysk | Адыгейск | Адыгэкъалэ | 12,209 |
Districts
| Overview | Composition |
|---|---|
|
Administrative center: stanitsa of Giaginskaya Population[8]: 33,458 |
Rural okrugs under the district's jurisdiction:
|
| Overview | Composition |
|---|---|
|
Administrative center: aul of Koshekhabl Population[8]: 31,296 |
Rural okrugs under the district's jurisdiction:
|
| Overview | Composition |
|---|---|
|
Administrative center: selo of Krasnogvardeyskoye Population[8]: 31,536 |
Rural okrugs under the district's jurisdiction:
|
| Overview | Composition |
|---|---|
|
Administrative center: urban-type settlement of Tulsky Population[8]: 58,485 |
Urban-type settlements under the district's jurisdiction:
Rural okrugs under the district's jurisdiction:
|
| Overview | Composition |
|---|---|
|
Administrative center: aul of Khakurinokhabl Population[8]: 16,388 |
Rural okrugs under the district's jurisdiction:
|
| Overview | Composition |
|---|---|
|
Administrative center: aul of Takhtamukay Population[8]: 65,674 |
Urban-type settlements under the district's jurisdiction:
Rural okrugs under the district's jurisdiction:
|
| Overview | Composition |
|---|---|
|
Administrative center: aul of Ponezhukay Population[8]: 19,951 |
Urban-type settlements under the district's jurisdiction:
Rural okrugs under the district's jurisdiction:
|
References
- ^ Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 79», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 79, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^
Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Территория, число районов, населённых пунктов и сельских администраций по субъектам Российской Федерации[[Category:Articles containing Russian-language text]] (Territory, number of districts, inhabited localities, and rural administrations of the Russian Federation by federal subject)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 2006-12-27.
{{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ a b c d Andrei Smirnov (2006). "Trouble on the Horizon? Ethnic unrest in Adygea" (PDF). The Jamestown Foundation. Retrieved 2006-12-27.
- ^ a b "Адыгейская автономная область[[Category:Articles containing Russian-language text]] (Adyghe Autonomous Oblast)". Большая советская энциклопедия (Great Soviet Encyclopedia)) (in Russian). Yandex.ru. 1978. Retrieved 2006-12-27.
{{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ R. Kh. Savv; et al. (1999). "Website information quoted from "Тахтамукайский район Республики Адыгея"[[Category:Articles containing Russian-language text]] (Takhtamukaysky District of the Republic of Adygea) book" (in Russian). Adygeya. Retrieved 2006-12-28.
{{cite web}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help); URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ Law of the Republic of Adygea #171 of April 26, 2000 On the Administrative-Territorial Organization of the Republic of Adygea
- ^ Law of the Republic of Adygea #247 of July 29, 2004 On Introduction of Amendments and Supplements into the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On the Administrative-Territorial Organization of the Republic of Adygea"
- ^ a b c d e f g h
Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек[[Category:Articles containing Russian-language text]] (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements—administrative centers, and rural settlements with population of over 3,000)". Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 2006-12-27.
{{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ While the OKATO national register gives the spelling of Khodzensky, the Law of the Republic of Adygea #282 of December 30, 2004 On Endowment of the Municipal Formation of "Koshekhablsky District" with the Status of a Municipal District, on Formation of Municipal Formations Within Its Structure, and On Establishing Their Borders spells the name of this rural okrug as Khodzinsky
- ^ While the OKATO national register gives the spelling of Pobedinsky, the Law of the Republic of Adygea #283 of December 30, 2004 On Endowment of the Municipal Formation of "Maykopsky District" with the Status of a Municipal District, on Formation of Municipal Formations Within Its Structure, and On Establishing Their Borders spells the name of this rural okrug as Pobedensky