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Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood

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The Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood (CRB) (Croatian: Hrvatsko Revolucionarno Bratstvo or HRB) was one of the extremist Croatian emigre groups formed in Australia in the early 1960s.[1] The terrorist organisation was created by Croatian migrants to Australia from Yugoslavia after World War II, those who actively fought for the fascist Independent State of Croatia. The organisation carried out actions in Europe and Australia.[2] The organisation was active throughout the territory of Yugoslavia in the early and mid 1960s. Its aim was to start an uprising in Yugoslavia and to establish an independent Croatia. This mission failed due to the intervention of the State Security Administration, the Yugoslav secret police.[3]

Actions

Notable members

Some CRB members were:

These people were also members of Ante Pavelić's Croatian Liberation Movement (HOP) but they left that organisation because they decided they would not achieve their goals through the political route.

UDBA, the Yugoslav secret police, attempted to curb the group's terrorist activities by engaging in covert assassinations of its members. Geza Pašti was killed in Nice in 1965, and Marijan Šimundić was killed in Stuttgart in 1967.[8]

The CRB/HRB's motto was: "Život za Hrvatsku" ["Life for Croatia"].

See also

Sources

  1. ^ Alexander, Yonah; Myers, Kenneth (2015). Terrorism in Europe. Routledge Library Editions: Terrorism and Insurgency. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. p. 59. ISBN 978-1-317-44933-1. OCLC 907773295. The third terrorist international aggregate which has caused problems for Western Europe is composed of various Croatian emigre terrorist groups. These groups operating under names ... Croatian Revolutionary Brotherhood ...
  2. ^ Cain, Frank (1994). "ASIO in the 1960s and 1970s". The Australian Security Intelligence Organization: An Unofficial History. Abington; New York, NY: F. Cass. pp. 206–207. ISBN 978-1-136-29385-6. OCLC 819635772 – via Internet Archive.
  3. ^ Hockenos, Paul (2003). "Chapter 3: The Avengers of Bleiburg". Homeland Calling: Exile Patriotism and the Balkan Wars. pp. 60–61. doi:10.7591/9781501725654. ISBN 978-1-5017-2565-4. OCLC 606993935.
  4. ^ Adriano & Cingolani 2018, pp. 434–435.
  5. ^ Tokic, Mate Nikola (6 August 2012). "The End of 'Historical-Ideological Bedazzlement': Cold War Politics and Emigre Croatian Separatist Violence, 1950-1980". Social Science History. 36 (3). Duke University Press: 421–445. doi:10.1215/01455532-1595408. ISSN 0145-5532. JSTOR 23258106.
  6. ^ Tokić, Mate Nikola (2011). "Party Politics, National Security, and Émigré Political Violence in Australia, 1949–1973". In Heitmeyer, Wilhelm; Haupt, Heinz-Gerhard; Malthaner, Stefan; Kirschner, Andrea (eds.). Control of Violence. New York, NY: Springer New York. p. 395-396. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0383-9. ISBN 978-1-4419-0382-2. OCLC 695388665.
  7. ^ Brawley, Sean (2009). Doomed to Repeat? Terrorism and the Lessons of History. Washington, DC: New Academia Publishing, LLC. pp. 283–298. ISBN 978-1-955835-04-6. OCLC 1265464219.
  8. ^ Adriano & Cingolani 2018, p. 434.

Bibliography

  • Adriano, Pino; Cingolani, Giorgio (2018). "Epilogue The Question of the Ustasha between Yugoslavia and the Vatican, 1952–72". Nationalism and Terror: Ante Pavelić and Ustasha Terrorism from Fascism to the Cold War. Budapest; New York: Central European University Press. pp. 409–436. ISBN 978-963-386-206-3. JSTOR 10.7829/j.ctv4cbhsr. OCLC 8182808968.
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