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Allen B. Reed

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Allen B. Reed
Capt. Allen B. Reed, Sr.
Born(1884-04-03)April 3, 1884
Liberty, Missouri, US
DiedFebruary 28, 1965(1965-02-28) (aged 80)
Bethesda, Maryland, US
Place of burial
Arlington National Cemetery[1]
Allegiance United States of America
Service / branch United States Navy
Years of service1904–1941 (37 Years)
Rank Captain
CommandsUSS Paragua
USS Iris
USS Susquehanna
USS Florida
USS Worden
USS Converse
Division 80 of Destroyer Squadron 11
Division 30 of Battle Fleet from USS McCawley
Division 45 of Battle Fleet from USS Preble
USS New Orleans
Battles / warsPhilippines- Moro Rebellion
First Nicaraguan Campaign
Mexican Revolution
World War I
Awards Navy Cross

Captain Allen Bevins Reed (April 3, 1884 – February 28, 1965)[1] was a U.S. Naval officer whose career began aboard vessels in the Asiatic and Pacific Fleets. Early in his career he was Captain Takeshita Isamu's escort during a ceremonial visit to the mayor of San Francisco, and he was a member of a Naval Board of Inquiry. Reed assumed the command of a landing force of 120 men in Nicaragua in 1912, to protect a railway line following a coup d'état attempt by General Luis Mena.

Over his career, Reed commanded eight ships, and after he was made captain, he was commander of Division 80 of Destroyer Squadron 11, Division 30 of Battle Fleet from the flagship USS McCawley, and Division 45 of the Battle Fleet from USS Preble. Reed received the Navy Cross for his command of the USS Susquehanna during dangerous transatlantic voyages of World War I. Reed was the plank owner commanding officer of the newly commissioned heavy cruiser USS New Orleans, and in the summer of 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt took a cruise on the ship through the Panama Canal and the Pacific Ocean.

In the latter years of his naval career, Reed was attached to the office of the Chief of Naval Operations where his assignments included Director of Fleet Maintenance Division. He was Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Army and Navy Munitions Board and served on the Joint Economy Board between the Army and Navy.

He retired in 1939, but remain on active duty at the beginning of World War II. He was head of the United States Maritime Commission and was the navy liaison to the Office of Production Management, which later became the War Production Board.

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Reed entered the United States Naval Academy (USNA) on September 22, 1900, as one of 93 fourth class naval cadets.[2] On July 1, 1902, the Academy changed the title of "naval cadet" to "midshipman".[3] He was on the track, gymnastics and football teams there.[4] Reed's fellow graduates of the class of 1904 included future Admiral William S. "Bull" Halsey, Jr.[5][6] Completing his academic studies, Reed received his warrant as a passed midshipman. On January 25, 1904, he was detached from Annapolis "to home and ready for sea".[7]

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Early career

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On March 21, 1904, Reed reported for duty aboard the school ship USS Mohican[8] and was then on several vessels of the Asiatic and Pacific Fleets for more than four years. During that time he was commissioned an ensign,[a] which then required successful completion of two years sea duty.[16] Reed was a lieutenant and senior engineer on the USS Albany by October 13, 1909, when he was Imperial Japanese Navy Captain Takeshita Isamu's escort during a ceremonial visit to the mayor of San Francisco.[17][b]

He was stationed at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard in 1910,[19] and in April 1911 Reed became a member of the Naval Board of Inquiry that convened to investigate fraud involving naval Paymaster Arthur M. Pippin and two others.[20][21] The men were court-martialed and sentenced to hard labor at San Quentin State Prison.[22]

USS Denver ship's landing force under Lt. A. B. Reed rests beside the Corinto, Nicaragua railroad line, 1912

Reed was an executive officer on USS Denver[23][c] when he was given command of a landing force of 120 men who landed at Corinto, Nicaragua on August 29, 1912. This followed a coup d'état attempt by General Luis Mena, Minister of War to overthrow President Adolfo Díaz[25] and the Denver was one of six ships brought in to provide troops to protect the railway line from Corinto to Managua.[26][d]

Mexico and Panama Canal

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By May 26, 1913, Reed was next on the Torpedo Flotilla tender USS Iris, as executive officer and navigator,[28][29] and he came to command it into June 1915.[30] Iris along with five torpedo boats from the Pacific Fleet Torpedo Flotilla, were ordered to the Gulf of California, also known as the Sea of Cortez following the Tampico Affair by May 4, 1914.[31] They patrolled the vicinity of La Paz and Mazatlán, Mexico, during the ongoing civil unrest there.[32][33] During May and June 1914, Iris evacuated American citizen refugees from Mazatlan and Acapulco, including the American consul, Hon. Clement S. Edwards.[34]

He was made Captain of the Port at Balboa, Panama by June 11, 1915.[35][e]

World War I

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USS Susquehanna

About December 26, 1917, President Wilson approved an Act of Congress that temporarily promoted a total of 188 officers to rear admirals, captains, and commanders. Reed was one of the group of men temporarily promoted to commander during World War I.[37] He was awarded the Navy Cross in 1920 "for distinguished service in the line of his profession as commanding officer of the USS Susquehanna, engaged in the important, exacting and hazardous duty of transporting and escorting troops and supplies to European ports through waters infested with enemy submarines and mines."[38]

Between the two world wars

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Reed was Commander of the battleship USS Florida from March 1923[39][40] to May 1924,[41] He was commander of the Clemson-class destroyer USS Worden by July,[42][43] and by November, he was commanding the USS Converse.[44]

By July 1925, Reed was at the Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island,[45][46] in the Senior Class of 1926.[47] After World War I, the college was led by Admiral William S. Sims, who promoted innovative thinking. Sims was commander of the Naval Forces in Europe during the war.[46]

He was assigned to the Ships' Movement Division of the office of the Chief of Naval Operations in Washington, D.C., by July 1926[48] and was there through at least January 1, 1928.[49][50] During that time, Reed was promoted to captain on March 16, 1927.[51] In August 1928, he commanded Division 80 of Destroyer Squadron 11, reporting to Lewis B. Porterfield.[52] By April 1929, he was commander of Division 30 of Battle Fleet from the flagship USS McCawley (DD-276).[53] In January 1930, he was commander of Division 45 of Battle Fleet from the flagship USS Preble.[54] He was then at the Material Division of the office of the Chief of Naval Operations from 1930 to 1932.[55][56][57]

Reed assumed command of a new cruiser, USS New Orleans, at New York Navy Yard in February 1934.[58] Among New Orlean's junior officers under Captain Reed's command in 1934 were Ensign E.L. Jahncke, Jr. and Ensign T.H. Moorer.[59] Jahncke was the son of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy, and Moorer rose to the rank of admiral and served as Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) from 1967 to 1970 and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1970 to 1974.[citation needed]

USS New Orleans made a shakedown Transatlantic crossing to Northern Europe and Scandinavia in May and June 1934.[60] President Franklin D. Roosevelt took a cruise beginning July 5 on the ship, which went through the Panama Canal, had an exercise off of the California coast with USS Macon, and ended at Astoria, Oregon, on August 2, 1934. The New Orleans then went through the Panama Canal to Cuba, and then exercised off of the New England coast.[60] It made its first visit to the port of New Orleans in the spring of 1935. On March 30, 1935, Louisiana Governor Oscar K. Allen presented Reed and the ship with the silver services from the former battleship USS Louisiana and the former cruiser USS New Orleans, and named Reed an honorary citizen of the city.[61][f] It was still under his command in April 1935.[63]

He was Director of Fleet Maintenance Division of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations from October 1935[64] to 1939.[65][g] In 1937, Reed also served on the Joint Economy Board between the Army and Navy[69] and was the appointed Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Army and Navy Munitions Board.[70]

World War II

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Captain A.B. Reed, U.S. Navy Ret., liaison officer, Navy, and Office of Production Management, circa 1940

He retired by October 1, 1939, but he remained on active duty during the initial years of World War II. He was head of the United States Maritime Commission in the second half of 1939 and in 1940.[71][72] Reed was a liaison to the Office of Production Management in Washington, D.C.,[73] which with the Supply Priorities and Allocations Board later became the War Production Board.[74][75] He was an advisor to the Council of National Defense in 1941,[76] which was a World War I organization that was reactivated for World War II and operated in 1940 and 1941.[77]

On September 6, 1944, his wife, Bess M. Reed, sponsored the USS Torsk at its launch from the Portsmouth (Maine) Navy Yard.[78]

Personal life

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Reed was from Liberty, Missouri.[4] He graduated from Liberty High School in 1900.[79]

Lieutenant Reed married the Bessie Moorhead of Omaha, Nebraska, on September 25, 1909, at the home of her parents in Omaha, Nebraska.[80] Their son,[81] Allen B. Reed, Jr. was born on June 11, 1912. He was also a captain in the Navy.[82] In 1914, the Reeds lived in San Diego, California, where their daughter,[83] Annis was born. They had two other daughters, Elizabeth and Katherine.[81]

He died February 28, 1965, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.[1] His wife, Bessie, died on September 27, 1966, and is buried with him at Arlington.[84] Allen B. Reed, Jr. is also buried at Arlington. He died September 2, 1996.[82]

Date of ranks

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United States Naval Academy Midshipman – Class of 1904[4]

Ensign Lieutenant, Junior Grade Lieutenant Lieutenant Commander Commander Captain
O-1 O-2 O-3 O-4 O-5 O-6
March 16, 1927
Source: Reed was ensign by April 1907,[12] and lieutenant by October 13, 1909.[17] He was made temporary commander due to an Act of Congress signed by President Woodrow Wilson in December 1917[37] and captain on March 16, 1927.[51]

Decorations and awards

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Bronze star
Navy Cross Philippine Campaign Medal Nicaraguan Campaign Medal
Mexican Service Medal World War I Victory Medal with "Transport" clasp American Defense Service Medal
[edit]
  • USNA Gymnastics Team, 1904. A.B. Reed, seated, second from right; H.E. Kimmel, seated, second from left
    USNA Gymnastics Team, 1904. A.B. Reed, seated, second from right; H.E. Kimmel, seated, second from left
  • USNA First Class Cadet Petty Officers, 1904. A.B. Reed, seated, front row, center[85]
    USNA First Class Cadet Petty Officers, 1904. A.B. Reed, seated, front row, center[85]
  • Midshipman Allen B. Reed in 1904[4]
    Midshipman Allen B. Reed in 1904[4]

Notes

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  1. ^ He was a passed midshipman in 1905 on the gunboat, USS Paragua[9][10] of the Asiatic Fleet.[10][11] Ensign Reed was on the protected cruiser USS Baltimore, cruising Asiatic, Philippine and Australian waters through April 1907.[12][13] By mid-June 1907, Reed was assigned to the protected cruiser USS Charleston of the Pacific Fleet Second Squadron Third Division.[14][15]
  2. ^ Takeshita Isamu was commander of the Idzumo. The ceremonial visit occurred in concert with The Portola Festival[17] on October 19, 1909, that was attended by captains of warships from Holland, Japan, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Italy.[18]
  3. ^ He was assigned to the protected cruiser, USS Denver, by June 26, 1912,[23] and he became a navigator of the vessel that year.[24]
  4. ^ This landing party reembarked aboard ship October 24 and 25, 1912.[25] Officers and enlisted men who participated in the landing at Nicaragua between July 29, 1912, and November 14, 1912, including those on USS Denver, received the Nicaraguan Campaign Medal.[27]
  5. ^ He replaced Commander Henry V. Butler[30] and remained Captain of the Port at least through 1916.[36]
  6. ^ Reed's home town of Liberty, Missouri, named March 30, 1935 "Captain Reed Day" in his honor.[62]
  7. ^ He was Director of Fleet Maintenance Division of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations through the intervening years of 1936,[66] 1937,[67] and 1938.[68]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "ANC Explorer". Arlington National Cemetery. Archived from the original on August 5, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2016. Reed, Allen B; Birth Date: 04/03/1884; Death Date: 02/28/1965; Interment Date: 03/03/1965; Branch of Service: US NAVY; Section: 35; Grave: 736
  2. ^ Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and Reserve Officers on Active Duty. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1900. p. 86.
  3. ^ "A Brief History of the United States Naval Academy". U.S. Naval Academy. Archived from the original on September 24, 2012.
  4. ^ a b c d "First Class Petty Officers". Lucky Bag. Vol. XI. United States Naval Academy. 1904. p. 19. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
  5. ^ "First Class Petty Officers". Lucky Bag. Vol. XI. United States Naval Academy. 1904. p. 41. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
  6. ^ Wukovits, John (2010). Admiral "Bull Halsey". Palgrave Macmillan. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-230-60284-7.
  7. ^ Transcript of Service of Allen Bevins Reed, Commander (T) USN, National Archives and Records Administration, March 20, 1920
  8. ^ Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and Reserve Officers on Active Duty. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1905. p. 48.
  9. ^ Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States and Marine Corps. U.S. Government Printing Office. January 1906. p. 42.
  10. ^ a b Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States and Marine Corps. January 1906. p. 188.
  11. ^ U.S. Navy (1906). Annual Reports of the Navy Department of the Year 1905. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 388.
  12. ^ a b "Baltimore Home from Far Off Seas" (PDF). New York Times. April 27, 1907.
  13. ^ Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States and Marine Corps. January 1907. p. 200.
  14. ^ "Naval Orders". The Times-Dispatch. Richmond, VA. June 12, 1907.
  15. ^ Personnel, United States. Bureau of Naval (January 1908). Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and Reserve Officers on Active Duty. p. 205.
  16. ^ "Passed Midshipmen". Army and Navy Life and the United Service. XII (2). Army and Navy Press: 150. February 1908.
  17. ^ a b c "Nippon Captain Calls on Mayor". The San Francisco Call. October 13, 1909. p. 16.
  18. ^ "The Portola Festival". Our Navy, the Standard Publication of the U.S. Navy. Vol. 3. 1909. p. 12.
  19. ^ United States. Bureau of Naval Personnel (1911). "Navy Yards and Shore Stations – Naval Station, Mare Island, California". General Register of the Navy and Marine Corps of the United States. pp. 244–245.
  20. ^ "Army & Navy". The Hawaiian Star. May 3, 1911. p. 1 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  21. ^ "Pippin's Accounts Examined Again". The San Francisco Call. April 25, 1911. p. 5 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  22. ^ "Convicted Naval Officers Get Heavy Penalties". The New York Daily Tribune. November 4, 1911. p. 10, column 1 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  23. ^ a b "Army and Navy Orders". The Washington Times. June 26, 1912. p. 8.
  24. ^ "Navy and Marine Corps Directory". Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States and Marine Corps. January 1913. pp. 31, 62.
  25. ^ a b "List of Expeditions 1901–1929". Navy Department Library, Navy History & Heritage Command. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
  26. ^ Langley, Lester D. (November 1, 2001). The Banana Wars: United States Intervention in the Caribbean, 1898–1934. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-7425-7115-0.
  27. ^ "Nicaraguan Campaign Medal". Archived from the original on August 15, 2006. Retrieved December 6, 2016.
  28. ^ "Army & Navy". The Washington Times. May 26, 1913. p. 12 – column 1 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  29. ^ "Stations". Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States and Marine Corps. January 1914. p. 256.
  30. ^ a b "Many Changes are Scheduled in Canal Zone". Honolulu Star Bulletin. July 10, 1915. p. 11 – top, 5th column – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  31. ^ "71 U.S. Warships surround Mexico". El Paso Herald. May 4, 1914. p. 2 – top, 3rd column. Retrieved October 14, 2012 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  32. ^ "A letter from Old Mexico". Marysville Globe. May 15, 1914. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  33. ^ "Americans are put to death". The Ogden Standard. May 18, 1914. p. 12 – column 2, bottom. Retrieved December 8, 2016 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  34. ^ "Movement of Vessels". The Washington Times. June 20, 1914. p. 2. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  35. ^ "Army & Navy". The Washington Times. June 11, 1915. p. 6 – top, 3rd column – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, Library of Congress.
  36. ^ "Navy Yards and Short Stations – Panama Canal". Register of Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the United States and Marine Corps. January 1917. p. 334.
  37. ^ a b "12 to Be Temporary Rear Admirals, 51 Captains, and 125 Commanders by Approval of President Wilson". The Official U.S. Bulletin. December 26, 1917. p. 7.
  38. ^ "Allen Bevins Reed". Military Times Hall of Valor, Navy Cross Recipients. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
  39. ^ "Navy directory : officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps". United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. March 1, 1923. p. 145.
  40. ^ "Navy directory : officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps". United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. July 1, 1923. p. 147.
  41. ^ "Navy directory : officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps". United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. May 1, 1924. p. 141.
  42. ^ Directory of Naval Officers. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. July 1, 1924. p. 167.
  43. ^ "Worden II (Destroyer No. 288)". Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  44. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. November 1, 1924. p. 144. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  45. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States. Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States. Marine Corps. July 1, 1925. p. 189. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  46. ^ a b "History". The United States Naval War College. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  47. ^ "The United States Naval War College – Register of Officers". The United States Naval War College, Department of the Navy. p. 38. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  48. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States. Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States. Marine Corps. July 1, 1926. p. 190. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  49. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States. Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States. Marine Corps. July 1, 1927. p. 193. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  50. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States. Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States. Marine Corps. January 1, 1928. p. 193. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  51. ^ a b Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the United States of America. Order of the Senate of the United States. 1927. p. 16.
  52. ^ "Personnel of Officers". Oakland Tribune. Oakland, California. August 24, 1928. p. 30. Retrieved December 8, 2016 – via www.newspapers.com.
  53. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States. Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States. Marine Corps. April 1, 1929. p. 162. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  54. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States. Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States. Marine Corps. January 1, 1930. p. 162. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  55. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. July 1, 1930. p. 199. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  56. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. July 1, 1931. pp. 196, 195. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  57. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. July 1, 1932. p. 200. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  58. ^ "Captain Reed Assumes Command of New Cruiser at New York Navy Yard". Newport Mercury. Newport, Rhode Island. February 23, 1934. p. 8. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  59. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. October 1, 1934. p. 183. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  60. ^ a b "USS New Orleans CA-32". Pacific Wrecks. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  61. ^ "New Cruiser Presented Cotly Silver Services". The Sunday News and Tribune. Jefferson City, Missouri. March 31, 1935. p. 6. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
  62. ^ "Navy Captain Honored". The Amarillo Globe-Times. Amarillo, Texas. March 26, 1935. p. 9. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
  63. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. April 1, 1935. p. 180. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  64. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. October 1, 1935. p. 217. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  65. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. January 1, 1939. p. 250.
  66. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. January 1, 1936. p. 235. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  67. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. April 1, 1937. pp. 233, 231. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  68. ^ "Navy Department". Official Register of the United States. 1938. p. 55.
  69. ^ "The Joint Economy Board". Official Register of the United States. 1937. p. 155.
  70. ^ Brophy, Leo P.; Fisher, George J. B. (1959). The Chemical Warfare Service: Organizing for War. Washington, D.C.: Center Of Military History, United States Army.
  71. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. October 1, 1939. p. 276. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  72. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. June 1, 1940. p. 269. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  73. ^ "Captain A.B. Reed, U.S. Navy (Retired), liaison officer, Navy, and Office of Production Management (OPM)". Library of Congress. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
  74. ^ Herman, Arthur (2012). Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II. New York: Random House. pp. 164–165. ISBN 978-1-4000-6964-4.
  75. ^ "Franklin D. Roosevelt – Executive Order 9024 Establishing the War Production Board". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  76. ^ Navy Directory – Officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. United States Navy Dept. Bureau of Navigation; United States Marine Corps. April 1, 1941. p. 167. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  77. ^ "Records of the Council of National Defense". National Archives. August 15, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  78. ^ "Launch". USS Torsk.org. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
  79. ^ "Home town in on Fete". Kansas City Star. Kansas City, Missouri. March 25, 1935. p. 2.
  80. ^ "The Smart Set". The San Francisco Call. October 8, 1909. p. 6, bottom of last column – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress.
  81. ^ a b "John T. Flippen Dies – Annis Reed Burroughs". Washington Post. January 20, 1993. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
  82. ^ a b "ANC Explorer". Arlington National Cemetery. Archived from the original on August 5, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2016. Reed, Allen B, Jr; Birth Date: 06/11/1912; Death Date: 09/02/1996; Interment Date: 11/08/1996; Branch of Service: Unknown (grave stone says Navy); Court 4; Section T; Column 6; Niche 3
  83. ^ "Personal Mention". Omaha Daily Bee. August 26, 1914. p. 6, bottom of column 1 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Library of Congress.
  84. ^ "ANC Explorer". Arlington National Cemetery. Archived from the original on August 5, 2019. Retrieved December 3, 2016. Reed, Bessie M; Birth Date: 12/21/1883; Death Date: 09/23/1966; Interment Date: 09/27/1966; Branch of Service: Unknown; Section: 35; Grave: 736
  85. ^ "First Class Petty Officers". Lucky Bag. Vol. XI. United States Naval Academy. 1904. p. 19. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
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