Turseodus

Turseodus; Temporal range: Carnian–Norian; ~237–208.5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Family:	†Turseoidae
Genus:	†Turseodus; Leidy 1857
Type species
	†T. acutus; Leidy, 1857
Other Species
	†T. dolorensis Schaeffer, 1967;
Synonyms
	†Gwyneddichthis Bock, 1959; †Eurecana Bock, 1959;

Turseodus is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish found in Late Triassic freshwater sediments of the United States.^[2]^[3] Two species have been described, T. acutus from the Lockatong Formation (Carnian stage) of Pennsylvania, and T. dolorensis from the Chinle Formation (Norian stage) of Colorado.^[4]

Classification

Although previously placed in the paraphyletic family Palaeoniscidae,^[1] Turseodus was later referred to its own family, Turseoidae, by Wilhelm Bock.^[5] The lachrymal bone of Turseodus forms part of the oral margin, an unusual condition known otherwise only from the Early to Middle Triassic Pteronisculus. Based on this synapomorphy and other similarities, a close relationship between Turseodus and Pteronisculus is hypothesized.^[6] There are also similarities with Turfania from the Permian of China.^[6] However, a close evolutionary relationship between these genera has not yet been tested by cladistic analyses.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Schaeffer, B. (1967). "Late Triassic fishes from the western United States". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 135 (6): 285–342. hdl:2246/1125. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ Irmis, R.B. (2005). "The vertebrate fauna of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in northern Arizona" (PDF). Mesa Southwest Museum Bulletin. 9: 63–88. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
^ Skrzycka, Roksana (3 July 2014). "Revision of two relic actinopterygians from the Middle or Upper Jurassic Karabastau Formation, Karatau Range, Kazakhstan". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 38 (3): 364–390. Bibcode:2014Alch...38..364S. doi:10.1080/03115518.2014.880267. S2CID 129308632.
^ Romano, Carlo; Koot, Martha B.; Kogan, Ilja; Brayard, Arnaud; Minikh, Alla V.; Brinkmann, Winand; Bucher, Hugo; Kriwet, Jürgen (2016). "Permian-Triassic Osteichthyes (bony fishes): diversity dynamics and body size evolution". Biological Reviews. 91 (1): 106–147. doi:10.1111/brv.12161. PMID 25431138. S2CID 5332637.
^ Bock, Wilhelm (1959). "New Eastern American Triassic Fishes and Triassic Correlations". Geological Center Research Series. 1: 1–184.
^ ^a ^b C. Romano, A. López-Arbarello, D. Ware, J. F. Jenks, and W. Brinkmann. 2019. Marine Early Triassic Actinopterygii from the Candelaria Hills (Esmeralda County, Nevada, USA). Journal of Paleontology 93:971-1000 https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2019.18