2024 Hualien earthquake
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UTC time | 2024-04-02 23:58:11 |
---|---|
USGS-ANSS | ComCat |
Local date | 3 April 2024 |
Local time | 07:58 |
Magnitude | Mw 7.4 |
Depth | 34.8 km (22 mi) |
Epicenter | 23°49′08″N 121°33′43″E / 23.819°N 121.562°E near Hualien City, Hualien County, Taiwan |
Type | Reverse |
Areas affected | Taiwan |
Max. intensity | CWA 6+ MMI VIII (Severe) |
Landslides | Yes |
Aftershocks | Mw 6.4, Mww 5.7 |
Casualties | 4 injured |
On 3 April 2024, a magnitude 7.4 earthquake struck 18 km (11 mi) south-southwest of Hualien City, Hualien County, Taiwan. There have been several aftershocks above magnitude five.
Tectonic setting
Taiwan has a history of many strong earthquakes.[1] The island is located within a complex zone of convergence between the Philippine Sea Plate and Eurasian Plate. At the location of the earthquake, these plates converge at a rate of 75 millimetres (3.0 in) per year. To the south of Taiwan, oceanic crust of the Eurasian Plate is subducting beneath the Philippine Sea Plate creating an island arc, the Luzon Arc. At Taiwan the oceanic crust has all been subducted and the arc is colliding with continental crust of the Eurasian Plate. To the north of Taiwan the Philippine Sea Plate is in contrast subducting beneath the Eurasian Plate, forming the Ryukyu Arc.[2]
Earthquake
The earthquake had a maximum CWB seismic intensity of 6+ in Hualien City and 5 in Taipei.[3] A Mw 6.4 aftershock struck at 00:11 UTC,[4] followed by a Mw 5.7 event at 00:35[5] a Mw 5.5 at 00:43[6] and one measuring Mw 5.7 at 00:46.[7] The mainshock was the strongest earthquake to hit Taiwan since the 1999 Jiji earthquake, which measured Mw 7.7.[8] The shaking was felt in Shanghai and several cities in China's Fujian Province.[9]
The earthquake had a focal mechanism corresponding to reverse-faulting at 34.8 km (21.6 mi) depth. According to the United States Geological survey, the rupture occurred on a northeast-southwest-striking, moderately dipping, reverse fault within the Eurasian Plate. The estimated rupture dimensions for a similarly-sized reverse-faulting earthquake is 60 km (37 mi) by 35 km (22 mi).[10]
Tsunami
The Japan Meteorological Agency issued a tsunami warning for Okinawa Prefecture and as waves of 3 m (9.8 ft) were expected.[11] A 30 cm (12 in) wave was observed at Yonaguni about 15 minutes after the earthquake. Waves were also expected along the Miyako and Yaeyama islands.[12] Evacuations were ordered for four coastal provinces of the Philippines. An advisory was issued to 23 provinces for "high tsunami waves".[13][9][14]
Impact
In Hualien City, two houses, a nine-story building and a restaurant collapsed, trapping many people inside.[15][16] A high school building in the city also sustained heavy damage.[17] A warehouse building also collapsed in Taipei, causing three minor injuries and leaving one more person awaiting rescue.[18] Tiles were dislodged and fell off older buildings and some newer structures in the capital.[12] Subsidence in Xindian District caused seven houses to collapse, forcing 12 people to evacuate.[19] A viaduct of the New Taipei Circular Line was reported to be misaligned, and all service on the Taipei Metro was briefly suspended for safety checks.[20] In Taichung, rockfalls blocked a road, damaging three cars and injuring a driver.[21] Power outages affected 14,833 households in the city, of which 5,306 were restored within approximately 25 minutes of the earthquake.[22]
A massive landslide occurred near Xiulin.[23] Guishan Island suffered damage, with a large portion of the island collapsing into the ocean.[24]
See also
References
- ^ Hume, Tim (7 February 2018). "More than 50 people could be trapped inside this building". VICE News. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ Molli G.; Malavieille J. (2010). "Orogenic processes and the Corsica/Apennines geodynamic evolution: insights from Taiwan". International Journal of Earth Sciences. 100 (5): 1207–1224. doi:10.1007/s00531-010-0598-y. S2CID 129517282.
- ^ "快訊/花蓮7.2地震!整棟大樓「整根拔起」倒塌 驚悚畫面曝光" (in Chinese). TVBS. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ National Earthquake Information Center (3 April 2024). "M 6.4 - 11 km NE of Hualien City, Taiwan". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ National Earthquake Information Center (3 April 2024). "M 5.7 - 23 km NNE of Hualien City, Taiwan". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ National Earthquake Information Center (3 April 2024). "M 5.5 - 2 km SSW of Hualien City, Taiwan". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ National Earthquake Information Center (3 April 2024). "M 5.7 - 23 km NE of Hualien City, Taiwan". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "Tsunami warnings issued after strong earthquake off east coast of Taiwan". CNN. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ a b "Strong quake rocks Taiwan, tsunami warnings issued". Reuters. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ National Earthquake Information Center (3 April 2024). "M 7.4 - 18 km SSW of Hualien City, Taiwan". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "Tsunami warning issued for Okinawa after strong quake hits near Taiwan". The Japan Times. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ a b "A strong earthquake rocks Taiwan, collapsing buildings and causing a tsunami". Associated Press. CNBC. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "Philippines warns of tsunami, orders evacuation of coastal areas after Taiwan quake". Agence France-Presse. New Straits Times. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "Philippines warns of tsunami, orders evacuations after Taiwan quake". ABS-CBN News. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "0403花蓮地震 本報記者現場直擊 9層大樓傾倒 地下室3人受困" (in Chinese). United Daily News. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "大地震!花蓮2棟民宅倒塌「屋內人數不明」 當地警消搶救中" (in Chinese). Yahoo! Kimo. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "花蓮7.2大地震!花蓮女中校舍驚傳塌陷 鋼筋外露「現場畫面」曝" (in Chinese). Yahoo! Kimo. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "0403花蓮大地震 中和倉庫倒塌! 3人受傷1人待援" (in Chinese). United Daily News. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "0403大地震/新店安泰路傳7棟房屋下陷 疏散12人" (in Chinese). United Daily News. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ 花蓮強震》新北捷運環狀線疑歪斜 乘客疏散畫面曝光
- ^ "花蓮7.2大地震!中橫便道落石猛砸釀1傷 11人受困明隧道待救" (in Chinese). China Times. 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "影/0403大地震 台中9千多戶停電 山城住戶:嚇到腿軟" (in Chinese). United Daily News. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "快訊/7.2地震花蓮崇德山崩 石塊高處掉落塵土飛揚恐怖畫面曝" (in Chinese). Yahoo! Kimo. 3 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ^ "台湾7.2可怕强震 宜兰外海惊见龟山岛「龟头断裂」" (in Chinese (China)). 2 April 2024. Archived from the original on 3 April 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.