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N. C. Rawlley

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Lieutenant General

N C Rawlley

PVSM, AVSM, MC
Born(1919-08-15)15 August 1919
Died1 November 2004(2004-11-01) (aged 85)
Allegiance British India (1941–1947)
 India (1947–1975)
Service / branch British Indian Army
 Indian Army
Years of service1941–1975
Rank Lieutenant General
Unit12th Frontier Force Regiment (until 1947)
Brigade of the Guards (after 1947)
Commands Eastern Army
XI Corps
11th Infantry Division
11th Infantry Brigade
4 Guards (1 Rajput)
Battles / warsBurma Campaign, World War II
Indo-Pakistani War of 1947
Sino-Indian War
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
Awards Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Military Cross

Lieutenant General Naveen Chand Rawlley, PVSM, AVSM, MC (15 August 1919 – 1 November 2004) was a General Officer in the Indian Army. He served as the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command before taking over as the 5th Vice Chief of the Army Staff.

Early life

Rawlley was born on 15 August 1919. He attended the Bishop Cotton School in Shimla. He was also educated at Bombay subsequently.[1]

Military career

World War II

Rawlley graduated from the Indian Military Academy and 1941 was commissioned into the 9th Battalion the 12th Frontier Force Regiment on 15 May. In 1943, the battalion moved to Burma and saw action in the Burma Campaign. He was awarded the Military Cross during the Battle of Kohima.[2] He commanded his battalion during the Battle of Imphal.[1] He then attended the Staff College, Quetta in 1945. After the year-long staff course, he was posted to the 25th Infantry Division.[1] As part of Operation Zipper, the division was chosen for the invasion of British Malaya in an amphibious role. Although hostilities ceased, the operation proceeded as planned and 25th Division was the first formation to land in Malaya, occupying the capital, Kuala Lumpur, and then accepting the surrender of the Japanese Army.[3] Rawlley was mentioned in dispatches for distinguished service in British Malaya.[4]

Post-Independence

After Independence and the ensuing Partition of India, he opted to join the Indian Army. With the creation of the Brigade of the Guards in 1949, he was assigned to this regiment. He attended the United States Army Command and General Staff College in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He served as the directing staff at the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington for a period of three years.[5] He led the Indian Army team of officers which helped set up the Haile Selassie Military Academy in Harar, Ethiopia. After the academy was set up, he served as the first Commandant of the Academy. For his outstanding services, the Emperor of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie made Rawlley a Grand officer of the Order of the Star of Ethiopia.[6]

In 1961, he returned to India and took command of the 11th Infantry Brigade. He was awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (then called Vishisht Seva Medal Class II) in January 1962.[7] During the Sino-Indian War, the brigade fought well in Walong in the Lohit division of the then North-East Frontier Agency. The Battle of Walong was the only counterattack of the war.[8]

Rawlley was appointed Commandant of the Infantry School in Mhow in 1963. After a shirt stint, he was selected to attended the Imperial Defence College in the United Kingdom. On 1 January 1964, he became the first Colonel of the Regiment of the Brigade of the Guards. Until then the Colonel was the Chief of the Army Staff.[9] After the year-long course, he returned to India and was appointed Director of Military Operations (DMO) at Army headquarters.[1] This appointment was later upgraded to Major General and then to Lieutenant General, and is now termed Director General Military Operations (DGMO).[10]

General Officer

In May 1965, Rawlley was promoted to the rank of Major General and appointed General Officer Commanding 11th Infantry Division. The division fought in the Rajasthan front during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. He took over as the Director of Military training (DMT) at Army HQ in 1969.[1] In January 1970, he was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal for distinguished service of the highest order.[11]

Rawlley was promoted to Lieutenant General in August 1970.[5] He took command of the XI Corps in Jalandhar. In November 1970, he received the salute at the passing out parade of the Haile Selassie Military Academy in Ethiopia. As the first Commandant of the academy, he was a special guest of the Government of Ethiopia.[6] He commanded the corps as part of the Western Command during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. In June 1972, he moved to Army HQ as the Quarter Master General (QMG).[1] Rawlley was promoted to the Army Commander grade on 22 January 1973 and was appointed the next General Officer Commanding-in-Chief (GOC-in-C) Eastern Command.[12] He succeeded Lieutenant General Jagjit Singh Aurora and took over as GOC-in-C Eastern Command at Fort William, Calcutta in February.

On 1 August 1974, Rawlley assumed office of the Vice Chief of the Army Staff from lieutenant General M L Thapan.[5] In March 1975, the Government of India decided to appoint Lieutenant General Tapishwar Narain Raina the next Chief of the Army Staff superseding Rawlley. Rawlley was the senior-most Lieutenant General in the Army in May 1975, when General Gopal Gurunath Bewoor retired.[13]

Personal life

Rawlley was married to Sita Rawlley, a well-known golfer. Called the leading light of Indian Women's golf, she won the Ladies All India Amateur Golf championship three time consecutively from 1976 to 1978.[14] Sita was awarded the Arjuna Award in 1977.[15] She represented India on multiple occasions, both as a player and an official. She was a member of the Indian team which participated in the Queen Sirikit Cup in 1981 and 1983.[14]

Rawlley passed away on 1 November 2004. He was cremated with full military honours.[16]

Dates of rank

Insignia Rank Component Date of rank
Second Lieutenant British Indian Army 15 May 1941 (emergency)[17]
15 March 1942 (substantive)[17]
Lieutenant British Indian Army 15 March 1942 (war-substantive)[17]
Captain British Indian Army 1941 (acting)[17]
15 March 1942 (temporary)[17]
3 February 1944 (war-substantive)[17]
Major British Indian Army 15 March 1942 (acting)[17]
3 February 1944 (temporary)[17]
Lieutenant Indian Army 15 August 1947[note 1][18]
Captain Indian Army 1947[note 1][18]
Captain Indian Army 26 January 1950 (recommissioning and change in insignia)[18][19]
Major Indian Army 1954
Lieutenant-Colonel Indian Army 15 May 1957[20]
Colonel Indian Army 10 May 1957 (acting)[21]
1963 (substantive)
Brigadier Indian Army 9 May 1959 (local)[22]
16 January 1961 (acting)[23]
15 May 1964 (substantive)[24]
Major General Indian Army 21 December 1966[25]
Lieutenant General Indian Army 1 September 1970[26]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Upon independence in 1947, India became a Dominion within the British Commonwealth of Nations. As a result, the rank insignia of the British Army, incorporating the Tudor Crown and four-pointed Bath Star ("pip"), was retained, as George VI remained Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces. After 26 January 1950, when India became a republic, the President of India became Commander-in-Chief, and the Ashoka Lion replaced the crown, with a five-pointed star being substituted for the "pip."

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Major General N.C. RAWLLEY" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in. 22 May 1970.
  2. ^ "No. 36627". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 July 1944. p. 3503.
  3. ^ Jeffreys & Anderson 2005, p. 51.
  4. ^ "No. 37730". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 September 1946. p. 4691.
  5. ^ a b c "LT. GEN. RAWLLEY IS NEW VICE CHIEF OF THE ARMY STAFF" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in. 1 August 1974.
  6. ^ a b "GENERAL RAWLLEY LEAVES FOR ETHIOPIA" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in. 19 November 1970.
  7. ^ "Vishisht Seva Medals Class I For Gen Kaul And Admiral Daya Shankar" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in. 27 April 1962.
  8. ^ Dutta, Amrita Nayak (15 November 2019). "Battle of Walong — how India fought its only counter-attack in 1962 India-China war". ThePrint.
  9. ^ "h3". www.sainiksamachar.nic.in.
  10. ^ Singh 2002, p. 8.
  11. ^ "GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS FOR DEFENCE PERSONNEL" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in. 25 January 1970.
  12. ^ "GENERALS SARTAJ SINGH, NC RAWLLEY PROMOTED ARMY COMMANDERS" (PDF). pibarchive.nic.in. 22 January 1973.
  13. ^ Wilkinson 2015.
  14. ^ a b "Obituary". Indian Golf Union.
  15. ^ "LIST OF ARJUNA AWARDEES" (PDF). yas.nic.in. 6 January 2017.
  16. ^ "Lt. Gen. Naveen Rawlley". www.oldcottonians.org.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h Indian Army List (Part I) October 1945. Government of India Press. 1945. p. 413.
  18. ^ a b c "New Designs of Crests and Badges in the Services" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2017.
  19. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 11 February 1950. p. 227.
  20. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 18 July 1959. p. 260.
  21. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 7 September 1957. p. 215.
  22. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 6 June 1959. p. 134.
  23. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 1 April 1961. p. 79.
  24. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 19 September 1964. p. 382.
  25. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 15 April 1967. p. 280.
  26. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 30 January 1971. p. 112.

Bibliography

  • Jeffreys, Alan; Anderson, Duncan (2005), The British Army in the Far East 1941–45, Osprey Publishing, ISBN 9781841767901
  • Singh, Depinder (2002), Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw, M.C.: Soldiering with Dignity, Natraj Publishers, ISBN 978-81-85019-02-4
  • Wilkinson, Steven I. (2015), Army and Nation – The Military and Indian Democracy, Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0674728806
Military offices
Preceded by General Officer Commanding XI Corps
1970–1972 		Succeeded by
Preceded by General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command
1973–1974 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
M L Thapan
 Vice Chief of the Army Staff
1974 - 1975 		Succeeded by
A. M. Vohra
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