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1982 Florida subtropical storm

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Subtropical Storm One
Subtropical storm (SSHWS/NWS)
Subtropical Storm One off the New Jersey Coast on June 19, 1982.
FormedJune 18, 1982
DissipatedJune 20, 1982
Highest winds1-minute sustained: 70 mph (110 km/h)
Lowest pressure984 mbar (hPa); 29.06 inHg
Fatalities2 direct
Damage$10 million (1982 USD)
Areas affectedCuba, Florida, Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Atlantic Canada
Part of the 1982 Atlantic hurricane season

Subtropical Storm One was a short-lived subtropical storm, the only one of the inactive 1982 Atlantic hurricane season. It tracked from the Gulf of Mexico up to New England without gaining full tropical characteristics. The storm was the only system of 1982 to affect the east coast of the United States, and it caused three fatalities and caused $10 million in damage (1982 USD, $21 million 2007 USD).

The subtropical storm formed on June 16 from three different systems near the Yucatan Peninsula. The disturbance created from three systems moved across the Florida Straits, where it developed into a subtropical depression on June 18. The depression quickly strengthened into a subtropical storm and crossed Florida. The storm peaked at 70 mph (110 km/h) winds and crossed up the Eastern Coast of the United States, becoming extratropical on June 20 near Atlantic Canada.

Storm history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The subtropical storm had a unusual formation by forming from an interaction of three different systems near the Yucatán. This occurrence is unusual, but not unique, as Subtropical Storm One in 1974 formed similarly.[1] A reconnaissance flight on June 17 reported that there appeared to be multiple transient circulations at the surface, but no well-defined center.[2] The multiple circulations merged creating a strong trough over the eastern Gulf of Mexico. The first disturbance can be traced back two days before in the northwest Caribbean Sea. The disturbance moved north and then a low-pressure center formed over the Yucatán Peninsula. Conditions in the Gulf of Mexico were favorable for tropical storm formation, however westerly wind shear forced the system to not strengthen.[2] Some severe weather had been occurring over the Florida Peninsula as early as June 16, as the fringes of disturbance moved across the Florida Straits and over the Peninsula.

A subtropical depression formed on June 18 in the Gulf of Mexico.[3] The depression made landfall on the morning of June 18 just north of Spring Hill, Florida. The subtropical depression gained subtropical storm status over Florida. The storm was not named because the policy at the time was not to name subtropical cyclones. After crossing the Outer Banks of North Carolina on June 19, the storm moved east and remained far out to sea. Even though the pressures remained low, the storm expanded and became distorted. The subtropical storm peaked at 70 mph (110 km/h) winds on June 18, but did not reach its minimal pressure until June 20, where it reached 984 mbar (29.07 inHg).[4] The subtropical storm entered the area of responsibility of the Canadian Hurricane Centre (then known as Maritimes Weather Center) on June 20 and was declared extratropical near Atlantic Canada the same day.[5]

Preparations

Several warnings were issued in association with the subtropical storm.[6] On June 16, severe thunderstorm watches and warnings were issued for Florida. The next day, more warnings were issued, including a tornado, severe thunderstorm warnings, small craft advisories, special marine warnings, and various types of special weather statements for heavy rains. Five gale warnings were issued on June 18 and June 19 for the cities on the western coast of Florida. All warnings were discontinued by 12 p.m. EDT (1600 UTC) June 19. The same day, a gale warning was issued from Cape Henlopen, Delaware to Watch Hill, Rhode Island.[6]

The subtropical storm postponed the bi-annual Newport, Rhode Island to Bermuda sailboat race for two consecutive days due to the forecast one of the storm. Subsequent reports from sailboats said that with the track of the storm, if not for the delay, there would have been a marine disaster.[6]

Impact

In its main inflow band over Cuba, rainfall amounts up to 28.66 inches (728 mm) were recorded.[7]

Rainfall Totals for Subtropical Storm One

The subtropical storm made landfall in Florida on the morning of June 18, causing gales, heavy rains, flooding, beach erosion and tornadoes. The highest winds were recorded at 41 mph (66 km/h) and up to 48 mph (77 km/h) during a thunderstorm at Macdill Air Force Base in Tampa at 4:17 am EDT (0817 UTC) on June 18. Rainfall peaked at 10.72 inches in Desoto City. Other storm rainfall amounts range from 4 to 6 inches (101-152 mm) and 6 to 8 inches (152-203 mm) at some places. Rainfall also reached the Florida Panhandle and southern Florida, totaling at about one to five inches of rain.[8][9] Three people were killed in Florida in association with the subtropical storm with thirteen injuries. A Brevard County woman died when a canoe overturned and an Orange County child was killed when he was swept into a drainage ditch. One-hundred thirty families were evacuated a few days after the storm from the Arcadia River area because the Peace River crested above flood stage.[3]

High tides and waves caused flooding and beach erosion from Naples to the Tampa Bay area. Some waterfront buildings suffered damage from undermining including widespread damage of marinas and some boats. Several bulkheads and rock revetments experienced minor damage in Naples and Marco Island. Several man‑made dune structures seaward of the Coastal Construction Control Line in Collier County received minor damage at Vanderbilt Beach and Marco Island. A total of twenty-five homes in Florida were destroyed. Damage was estimated to be $100,000 in Collier County (1982 USD, $213,000 2007 USD).[10] The subtropical storm spawned twelve tornadoes across Florida, the first located in Hendry County; a tornado formed on June 17 at 2015 CDT (0115 UTC June 18) reaching a magnitude of F2 on the Fujita Scale. One person was killed and another one was injured with $250,000 in damage (1982 USD, $534,000 2007 USD). Two tornadoes including the one in Hendry County were at least F2 strength.[11] Damage in Florida totaled out to $10 million (1982 USD, 21 million 2007 USD).[3]

The storm's effects north of Florida were minor. Rainfall reached up to nine inches (228 mm) in extreme eastern South Carolina and four inches (101 mm) in eastern North Carolina. Winds reached 50 mph (60 km/h) with gusts up to 66 mph (101 km/h) at the Oak Island Coast Guard Station near Cape Fear, North Carolina and 54 mph (87 km/h) with gusts of 77 mph (123 km/h) at the offshore tower at Frying Pan Shoals about forty miles southeast of Cape Fear on June 18 with 70 mph winds the next day. A sixty-eight foot fishing trawler sunk off the coast of Cape Fear in North Carolina from the high waves; no one was killed as the sailors were rescued by the United States Coast Guard on June 19. Flooding was reported with tides of two to three feet in the Carolinas. Otherwise damage was minimal.[3] Rainfall from the subtropical storm reached both states, reaching maximum peaks of up to five inches (127 mm) on the Georgia coast and seven inches on the Georgia/South Carolina border. Rainfall totaled to about one inch (25 mm) on the Virginian coast. However, no damage was reported.[9] A ship encountered winds of a minimum tropical storm with gusts as high as a maximum tropical storm. The ship also encountered a tidal surge of 15 to 20 feet.[3][8]

See also

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References

  1. ^ Paul Herbert (1974). "Subtropical Storm One (1974) Preliminary Report". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-03-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  2. ^ a b Joseph M. Pelissier (1982-07-15). "Subtropical Storm One (1982) Preliminary Report - Section I - Storm History I". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-04-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  3. ^ a b c d e Joseph M. Pelissier (1982-07-15). "Subtropical Storm One (1982) Preliminary Report - Section 2 - Storm History II + Impact". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-04-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  4. ^ Joseph M. Pelissier (1982-07-15). "Subtropical Storm One (1982) Preliminary Report - Section 7 - Meteorological stats chart". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-12-08. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  5. ^ Canadian Hurricane Centre (1982-07-15). "Canadian Hurricane Center Report". Canadian Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-03-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  6. ^ a b c Joseph M. Pelissier (1982-07-15). "Subtropical Storm One (1982) Preliminary Report - Section 4 - Warnings/Watches". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-04-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  7. ^ Instituto Nacional de Recursos Hidráulicos (2003). "Lluvias intensas observadas y grandes inundaciones reportadas" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-02-10.
  8. ^ a b Gilbert B. Clark (1982). "1982 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). American Meteorological Society. Retrieved 2007-03-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  9. ^ a b David Roth (2006). "Rainfall Totals: Subtropical Storm One (1982)". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. Retrieved 2007-03-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  10. ^ Collier County, Florida (2007). "Collier County Flood History". Collier County, Florida. Retrieved 2007-03-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)
  11. ^ Tom Grazulis of The Tornado Project and Bill McCaul of USRA Huntsville (2007). "List of Known Tropical Cyclones Which Have Spawned Tornadoes". Tornado Project. Retrieved 2007-03-28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)

External links

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