Shenzhou 5
| Mission insignia | |
|---|---|
| Mission statistics | |
| Mission name: | Shenzhou 5 |
| Callsign: | |
| Number of crew: | 1 |
| Launch: | October 15, 2003 01:00:03 UTC Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center |
| Landing: | October 15, 2003 22:22:48 UTC |
| Duration: | 21 hours, 22 minutes, 45 seconds |
| Orbits: | 14 |
Shenzhou 5 (Chinese: 神舟五号; pinyin: shénzhōu wǔ hào) — was the first human spaceflight mission of the People's Republic of China (PRC), launched on October 15, 2003. The Shenzhou spacecraft was launched on a Long March 2F rocket booster. There had been four previous flights of uncrewed Shenzhou missions since 1999.
Crew
Mission parameters
- Mass: 7,790 kg
- Perigee: 332 km
- Apogee: 336 km
- Inclination: 42.4°
- Period: 91.2 minutes
- NSSDC ID: 2003-045A
Mission highlights
Shenzhou 5 was launched at 09:00 (UTC +8) from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, a launch base in the Gobi Desert in Gansu Province, entering orbit 343 km above Earth at 09:10 (UTC +8) with astronaut Yáng Lìwěi (杨利伟), the 38 year-old Lieutenant Colonel in the People's Liberation Army and former fighter pilot. The launch made the PRC the third country to independently launch a person into space, after the Soviet Union and the United States. The launch of the Shenzhou is the result of a manned space program which began in 1992.
Neither the launch nor the reentry was televised live, and it is widely believed that it was due to government fears that a disaster could create an embarrassment, but the time of both launch and reentry had been widely announced beforehand, and news appeared on Chinese Central Television within minutes after both events. This placed the level of secrecy associated with the Shenzhou V mission between American and Soviet practices. In contrast to American practice, foreign journalists were not admitted and live television was not broadcast; in contrast to Soviet practice, the fact that a launch was about to occur was announced days in advance and photos and video from the mission were available within minutes of launch and reentry. Wise decision indeed, as everybody did see from the official images broadcasted [1], the bleeding lips of the astronaut after the landing. Rumours of a hard landing have circulated in China leaked by personnel present at the landing site.
It made 14 orbits and landed 21 hours after launch. The Chinese manned spacecraft re-entered Earth's atmosphere at 06:04 (UTC +8) on 16 October 2003 (22:04 UTC 15 Oct 2003), its parachute opening normally and the astronaut saying he was feeling fine. The landing happened at 06:28 (UTC +8), just 4.8 kilometers from the planned landing site in Inner Mongolia, according to the government. The orbital module of the spacecraft stayed in orbit; it continued with automated experiments until March 16, 2004, and decayed on May 30.[2]
Premier Wen Jiabao congratulated the country's first person in space after his safe return to Earth. Yáng emerged from the capsule about 15 minutes later and waved to members of the recovery team.
The control center in Beijing later declared China's first manned spacecraft mission to be successful after Yáng Lìwěi emerged from his capsule.
Politics
The launch was widely heralded in the official Chinese state media with newspapers devoting far more space to the launch than any recent event. While the Chinese media portrayed the launch as a triumph for Chinese science and technology and a milestone for Chinese nationalism, it has also been pointed out in both Chinese and Western media that Yang Liwei showed the flag of the United Nations in addition to the flag of the People's Republic of China. The state media also reported that crop seeds from Taiwan were brought aboard the spacecraft.
President Hu Jintao, who was on-site at the Jiuquan Launch Center, hailed China's success in launching its first manned spacecraft into orbit, describing it as "an honor for our great motherland, an indicator for the initial victory of the country's first manned space flight and for an historic step taken by the Chinese people in their endeavor to surmount the peak of the world's science and technology."
Hu added, "the Party and the people will never forget those who have set up this outstanding merit in the space industry for the motherland, the people and the nation." He also expressed congratulations and respect to specialists and people who have contributed to China's space mission development on behalf of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission (CMC) and its chairperson Jiang Zemin.
While the elder statesman Jiang, 77, was lauded by Hu, some analysts noted that the retired party chief and state president maintained a rather low profile during the flight, prompting more speculation that Jiang's influence on Chinese politics had been waning at the time[citation needed]. Although Hu Jintao mentioned Jiang's name in congratulating the crew, it was considered significant that Jiang himself did not personally congratulate anyone involved with the spacecraft. In addition, throughout the flight there were no pictures associating Jiang with Shenzhou 5, while pictures and text linking Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao with the launch figured prominently in the Chinese news media. This speculation was enhanced by the fact that the launch occurred immediately after a plenary session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at which Jiang had reportedly been lobbying for inclusion of his theory of Three Represents and property rights guarantees in the Chinese Constitution, both platforms being extremely controversial within the Party.
The launch was met with praise from around the world. For example, Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi of Japan called the launch "a great feat" and a U.S. State Department spokesman said that the United States wished to "applaud China's success in becoming only the third country to launch people into space".
See also
References
- ^ "杨利伟："职业航天员是我的事业和人生追求"". 新华网. September 29, 2007. Retrieved June 8.
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- "World leaders congratulate China's Shenzhou V success". People's Daily. October 16, 2003.
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