McCorkell Line
The McCorkell Line was operated by Wm. McCorkell & Co. Ltd. from 1778, principally carrying passengers from Ireland, Scotland and England to the Americas. Notably, the McCorkell Line carried many immigrants who were fleeing the Great Irish Famine and sailed some of the famous ships of the Western Ocean Ticket.
Family Background
It is said three brothers, part of the Clan Gunn, arrived in Ireland after the defeat of Bonnie Prince Charlie following the rebellion in 1745, having escaped in an open boat from the west coast of Scotland and landed on the County Antrim Coast. However, recent discoveries show that the McCorkells have been in Ireland since the mid 16th Century. One of these brothers, William, who was born in 1728, established the shipping line in 1778.[1] Descendants of William McCorkell include Sir Dudley and Sir Michael.
Shipping
Londonderry Port was one of the main points for emigration to Canada and America with passengers traveling from Scotland, England and Ireland. From 1778, the company operated as Agents for ships sailing to and from County Londonderry. In 1800 William and Archibald McCorkell, sons of the founder started to expand the firm by using American owned ships, with voyages ranging from Canada to the West Indies. Their first ship was the "MARCUS HILL", bought in 1815, at the conclusion of the American War; she continued to traverse the Atlantic until 1827. She was followed in 1824 the "PRESIDENT". With the purchase of the "CAROLINE" in 1834 and the "ERIN" in 1836, the McCorkell's began to collect oil paintings of each of their ships; these are still in family ownership. In 1851 the "MOHONGO",[2] built in Canada, commenced her work in Atlantic trade, in her twenty years in the McCorkell Line, she completed more than 100 crossings with emigrants without any serious fault.
The Great Irish Famine
McCorkell ships carried passengers to Quebec, St Johns, Philadelphia, New York and New Orleans. Therefore, records show they were responsible for many of those fleeing the Great Irish Famine between 1845 to 1850.
The Minnehaha
By 1860, as speed became more important, Bartholomew (Barry) McCorkell commissioned a new ship to be built in New Brunswick, Canada. For twelve years, the Minnehaha, which cost $72,000, was able to cross the Atlantic in all weathers and even during the winter months whilst carrying passengers. Until this time all emigrants were only carried in spring and summer when conditions allowed. She was the most famous ship owned by the McCorkell's and was known as the "Green Yacht from Derry". The "MINNEHAHA" was named after the William Longfellow poem "The Song of Hiawatha".
Over the next 30 years six more ships were to join the fleet named after the same poem. The "MINNEHAHA" was one of the few ships to trade in New York to the Federal side during the American Civil War. She carried many emigrants during the war as well as much needed supplies. After the war, Philadelphia became a regular port of call along with New York. Records in Philadelphia show, that 5,164 passengers were carried whose passage had been paid by relations in America to Robert Taylor & Co., the McCorkell agent at the port. Original tickets for these crossings still exist today as part of the family archive.
From 1873, steam liners were overtaking the famous sailing ships and although the McCorkell Line continued to carry passengers until 1897, the main activity now became cargo. The Advert "MINNEHAHA" was converted to a barque in 1880 to reduce the number of crew by the removal of one set of mainsails. She served thirty-five years with the company until she was sold in 1895. Other famous ships were the "VILLAGE BELLE" with twenty-five years service, the "OWEENEE",[3] the "OSSEO" and the "HIAWATHA".[1] The " HIAWATHA" completed twenty-one years and was the last vessel owned when sold in 1897. She was later sunk by enemy action in 1916. This must be a credit to the wooden ships and the men who sailed them.
Recent years
The family have continued to serve Londonderry throughout the twentieth century, Sir Dudley McCorkell was Mayor of the City from 1930 to 1933 and attended the Ottawa Conference on Trade in 1933. Sir Dudley, along with his nephew Sir Michael who succeeded him, served as Harbour Board Commissioners and as Chairmen of Wm. McCorkell. Michael's son John was a driving force for the relocation of the port of Derry from the City to Lisahally in 1990. In January 2007, a set of prints of the McCorkell ships were donated to Londonderry Hospital, in memory of the late Sir Michael and to mark the contributions, over the generations, of the McCorkell family to Derry.