Battle of Ayacucho
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Battle of Ayacucho | |||||||
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Part of Peruvian War of Independence | |||||||
![]() The Battle of Ayacucho. | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
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Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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![]() José de Canterac | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
United Liberation Army [2] Total: 5780-6879 men [3]
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Royalist Army [5]
Total: 6906-9310 men [6]
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Casualties and losses | |||||||
979 | 2,100 killed or captured 3,500 prisoners |
The Battle of Ayacucho was a decisive military encounter during the Peruvian War of Independence. It was the battle that sealed the independence of Peru, as well as the victory that ensured independence for the rest of South America.
As of late 1824, Royalists still had control of most of the south of Peru as well as of the Real Felipe fort in the port of Callao. On December 9, 1824, the Battle of Ayacucho, or Battle of La Quinua, took place at Pampa de La Quinua, a few kilometers away from Ayacucho, near the town of Quinua between Royalist and Independentist forces. Independentist forces were led by Antonio José de Sucre, Simón Bolívar's lieutenant. A number of British and Irish volunteer officers fought along Bolívar forces, but the bulk of the foreign troops - the First Rifles Batallion- remained at rearguard during the battle. They had played, however, a key role during the campaign.[8] Viceroy José de la Serna was wounded, and after the battle second commander in chief José de Canterac signed the final capitulation of the Royalist army. The modern Peruvian Army celebrates the anniversary of this battle.
Notes
- ^ Los incas borbónicos: la elite indígena cuzqueña en vísperas de Tupac Amaru[1][2]
- ^ Complete name in spanish: "Ejército Unido peruano colombiano Libertador del Perú" [3] [4] [5]
- ^ Historia extensa de Colombia.Luis Martínez Delgado, Academia Colombiana de Historia.[6]. The Sucre's army start the campaign of Ayacucho with 13.000 independentist soldiers claim Viceroy la Serna:Ocho años de la Serna en el Perú (De la "Venganza" a la "Ernestine".Alberto Wagner de Reyna.[7]
- ^ Freedom territories mainly antique northern provinces of Perú, see map [8]
- ^ In Spanish:Ejército Real del Perú [9]
- ^ El Perú Republicano y los fundamentos de su emancipación.Jorge Basadre.[10]
- ^ Occupied territories mainly antique southern provinces of Perú, see map [11]
- ^ "At Ayacucho, the remains of the regiment were part of the Patriot order of battle but remained in the reserve and did not take part on the fighting. Instead, the Rifles and another battalion, the 'Vargas', were given a nerve-wracking mission: guarding the arsenal and the numerous Spanish prisoners. At any given moment there were only 50 Riflemen posted to keep an eye on 2,500 weapons and 2,000 prisoners-of-war. A number of the regiment's officers were temporarily transferred to other units and fought in the battle." Arthur Sandes
References
- El Perú Republicano y los fundamentos de su emancipación.Jorge Basadre.
- Historia extensa de Colombia.Luis Martínez Delgado, Academia Colombiana de Historia.
See also
External links
- Battle of Ayacucho animated battle map by Jonathan Webb
- Template:Es icon Ayacucho República Aristocrática photo gallery