Hurricane Rick (2009)
Category 5 major hurricane (SSHWS/NWS) | |
![]() Hurricane Rick near peak intensity as a Category 5 hurricane on October 17 | |
Formed | October 15, 2009 |
---|---|
Dissipated | October 21, 2009 |
Highest winds | 1-minute sustained: 180 mph (285 km/h) |
Lowest pressure | 906 mbar (hPa); 26.75 inHg |
Fatalities | 3 direct, 1 indirect |
Areas affected | Michoacán, Oaxaca, Baja California Sur, Sinaloa, Sonora, Durango and the Southern United States |
Part of the 2009 Pacific hurricane season |
Hurricane Rick was the second-most intense Pacific hurricane and the strongest to form in October on record. Originating from an area of low pressure several hundred miles south-southeast of Acapulco, Mexico, on October 15, Rick quickly intensified within a region favoring cyclone development. Low wind shear, high moisture values and warm sea surface temperatures ahead of the storm fueled rapid intensification, allowing Rick to become a hurricane within 24 hours of being declared a tropical depression. An eye began to form during the afternoon of October 16; once fully formed, the storm underwent another period of rapid strengthening. During the afternoon of October 17, the storm attained Category 5 status on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Several hours later, Rick attained its peak intensity as the second-strongest Pacific hurricane on record with winds of 180 mph (285 km/h) and the barometric pressure bottomed out at 906 mbar (hPa; 26.75 inHg).
After maintaining this intensity for several hours, Rick began to weaken in response to a combination of an eyewall replacement cycle and increasing wind shear. By October 19, the storm was downgraded to a Category 3 hurricane and the following day, rapid weakening led to the once Category 5 hurricane to be downgraded to a tropical storm. The long-anticipated northeast turn took place near the end of this phase, also accompanied with a brief decrease in forward motion. On October 21, Rick quickly moved northeast, brushing the tip of Baja California Sur before making landfall near Mazatlan with winds of 55 mph (90 km/h). Several hours after moving inland, the final advisory from the NHC was issued as the storm weakened to a tropical depression and dissipated.
Prior to moving over land, the NHC initially forecated Rick to make landfall in southern Baja California as a high-end Category 2 hurricane. In response to this, hurricane watches were issued for portions of the peninsula and officials ordered several hundred residents to evacuate from low-lying areas. However, following the rapid weakening, the hurricane watches were replaced by tropical storm warnings. Overall, the damage from Rick was significantly less than what was initially anticipated. Throughout Mexico, three people were killed by the storm, one in Oaxaca and two in Baja California Sur.
Meteorological history
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Rick_2009_track.png/275px-Rick_2009_track.png)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
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Hurricane Rick originated from an area of disturbed weather associated with a tropical wave on October 13 several hundred miles southeast of Costa Rica.[1] Although favorable atmospheric conditions for development were present, the system did not become better organized throughout most of the following day.[2] By the morning of October 15, the wave began to produce more convective activity and eventually spawned an area of low pressure roughly 475 mi (765 km) south-southwest of Puerto Angel, Mexico.[3] By the afternoon, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) reported that the system had become increasingly organized and was likely to develop into a tropical depression later that day.[4] Around 2:00 pm PDT (2100 UTC), the NHC declared that the low had developed into a tropical depression, the twentieth of the 2009 Pacific hurricane season.[5] Upon being declared, the depression featured well-developed outflow, extending out all directions. Environmental conditions in the path of the system were exceptionally favorable for rapid development, consisting of low wind shear, high moisture content and above average sea surface temperatures. Additionally, the storm was being steered through this region by a low- to mid-level ridge over Mexico.[6]
Six hours after being declared a depression, the system quickly intensified into a tropical storm, at which time it was given the name Rick.[7] Deep convection had begun wrapping around the center of the system, an early indication of an eye forming.[8] Early on October 16, a ragged eyewall began to develop and several hours later,[9] Rick intensified into a Category 1 hurricane with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h).[10] The rapid intensification was fueled by waters of 30 °C (86 °F), several degrees above average.[11] By the evening of October 16, microwave satellite imagery depicted a well-defined eye; however, this feature was not present on infrared images. Despite this, the NHC upgraded Rick to a Category 2 hurricane with winds now reaching 100 mph (155 km/h).[12] Early the next morning, the storm intensified into a major hurricane, a storm that ranks as a Category 3 or higher on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. The eye was clearly visible on satellite images and deep, very cold convection surrounded it, signifying a powerful cyclone.[13] Less than 40 minutes after this upgrade, the NHC issued a special advisory stating that Rick had further strengthened into a Category 4 hurricane.[14]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rick_2009-10-18_1755Z.jpg/220px-Rick_2009-10-18_1755Z.jpg)
Continuing to gain strength, Rick attained winds of 145 mph (220 km/h) several hours later on October 17. A possible outer eyewall, a second eye larger than the first that notes the beginning of an eyewall replacement cycle, was noted at this time.[15] The eye of the storm became very well-defined and nearly cloud free, measuring roughly 11.5 mi (18.5 km) in diameter. In addition to the rapid intensification, Rick was also growing in size.[16] By the afternoon hours, tropical storm-force winds extended up to 155 mi (250 km) from the center of the storm, with a maximum gale diameter of 300 mi (485 km).[17] At 3:10 pm PDT (2210 UTC), the NHC issued their second special advisory for Rick, this time stating that the storm had become a Category 5 hurricane, the first in the basin since Hurricane Kenna in 2002.[18][19] Around 8:00 pm PDT (0300 UTC on October 18), Rick attained its peak intensity as the second-strongest Pacific hurricane on record. Maximum sustained winds in the eyewall reached 180 mph (285 km/h) and the barometric pressure is estimated to have bottomed out at 906 mbar (hPa; 26.75 inHg). It should be noted, however, that the pressure was not directly measured as Reconnaissance missions by Hurricane Hunter aircraft were not done due to distance from land. Lixion Avila, a senior hurricane specialist at the NHC described Rick's satellite presentation at this time as "spectacular."[20]
Rick maintained its peak intensity for roughly two hours, estimated by the NHC to have taken place between 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm PDT (0200 and 0400 UTC) on October 17, before it began to weaken in response to an eyewall replacement cycle and increasing wind shear.[21] By the afternoon of October 18, the storm had weakened to a low-end Category 5 hurricane, with maximum winds of 160 mph (260 km/h). Deep convection around the eye warmed slightly and a combination of dry air and wind shear restrained the extent of the storms' outflow to the west.[22] Later that day, Rick began to turn towards the northwest as the subtropical ridge north of the system began to weaken.[23] Early on October 19, Rick was downgraded to a Category 3 hurricane as it began its approach to the southern end of the Baja California Peninsula.[24] Wind shear and dry air quickly entered the core of the system, with the eye disappearing from satellite imagery later that morning.[25]
During the evening of October 19, the center of Rick became devoid of convective activity, resulting in the NHC downgrading it to a tropical storm. According to meteorologists at the NHC, the weakening was "...almost as fast as it strengthened several days ago."[26] The first Hurricane Hunter reconnaissance mission into the storm took place during the afternoon of October 20. During the mission, sustained winds of 65 mph (100 km/h) and a surface pressure of 990 mbar (hPa; 29.23 inHg) were recorded.[27] Several hours after this, convection rapidly increased, with a large area of deep convection developing northeast of the center of circulation; however, this was not associated with intensification.[28] Around 7:00 am PDT (1400 UTC) on October 21. Tropical Storm Rick made landfall near Mazatlan with winds of 55 mph (90 km/h).[29] Following landfall, the storm rapidly weakened to a tropical depression[30] and roughly seven hours after moving inland, the surface circulation of Rick dissipated over the high terrain of Mexico.[31]
Preparations and impact
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Rick_2009-10-20_2050Z.jpg/220px-Rick_2009-10-20_2050Z.jpg)
Mexico
As Rick intensified into a hurricane, officials in Oaxaca shut down beaches and warned all residents not to venture into the waters. An alert for possible heavy rainfall from the storm was also put out to residents.[32] Along coastal areas of Mexico, specifically around Acapulco, officials closed ports to small crafts due to rough seas produced by Hurricane Rick.[33] Residents around the city were also warned about the possibility of mudslides from heavy rain associated with the outer bands of the powerful hurricane.[34] Upon Rick becoming a Category 4 hurricane, officials in Mexico raised the alert level in Guerrero, Jalisco and Michoacan to severe, warning residents to take extreme caution.[35] In Sonora, the local government placed 14 municipalities under a blue alert, the pre-storm phase;[36] the alert was upgraded to a yellow alert for the municipalities of Álamos, Benito Juárez, Navojoa, Etchojoa and Huatabampo on October 18.[37]
Early on October 19, the Government of Mexico issued a hurricane watch for areas of Baja California Sur between Santa Fe and San Evaristo.[38] Following the issuance of the watch, authorities in the region began planning to open shelters and begin evacuating residents from low-lying areas.[39] Later that day, the watch was replaced by a tropical storm warning as Rick weakened to a tropical storm.[40] By October 20, a new tropical storm watch was issued for mainland Mexico for areas between El Roblito and Altata.[41] Shortly after, officials had opened nine shelters in the region; however, schools remained open until further notice.[42] Later in the day, the tropical storm warning for Baja California was discontinued while the watch for mainland Mexico was upgraded to a warning.[43] This warning was later discontinued on October 21 as Rick dissipated over the mountains of Mexico.[44] Several cruises were affected by the storm throughout southern Baja California. The Carnival Splendor made a sudden docking as the storm formed and delayed its arrival in Cabo San Lucas by several days. The Carnival Spirit, scheduled to dock in Acapulco on October 21, delayed its arrival until October 22. The Sapphire Princess rescheduled its travel plans, remaining near San Francisco, California for several additional days instead of traveling south. The Norwegian Star skipped its planned docking in Cabo San Lucas and remained at sea until the passage of Rick. Other cruises affected by the storm include Radiance of the Seas, Mariner of the Seas, MS Veendam and MS Statendam.[45]
Schools throughout southern Sinaloa were closed for two days, beginning on October 21, due to the arrival of Tropical Storm Rick. Residents in low-lying areas were urged to evacuate due to both storm surge and fresh water flooding from the anticipated 3 to 6 in (76 to 152 mm) of rain.[46] Although several hundred miles from land, wind gusts up to 40 mph (65 km/h) were felt along coastal areas in Michoacan.[47] Near the coast of Oaxaca, large seas capsized a boat carrying three people. Two of the passengers were rescued; however, the third was found dead.[48] Large swells produced by the storm resulted in the death of one person along the southern end of Baja California Sur on October 19.[49] Another fatality took place in the same region after a boy was swept away from an eroded beach.[50] Roughly 320 people near Cabo San Lucas were evacuated due to the threat of flooding. Reports near the city also indicated that there was structural damage and significant traffic issues from rain-induced mudslides.[51] In Mazatlan, near where Rick made landfall, high winds downed trees and signs, leaving numerous residents without power. Heavy rain was also reported during the passage of the storm.[52]
United States
Although no longer a tropical cyclone, remnant moisture from Rick greatly enhanced a strong cold front over the Great plains of the United States. Severe thunderstorms occurred over parts of the southern states, with at least three tornadoes touching down in Louisiana. Further north, the complex brought heavy rainfall to the northeast and parts of southern Canada.[53] In Louisiana, the storm system spawned at least three EF-0 tornado touchdowns.[54] One of these tornadoes damaged more than 10 structures, destroyed a grain silo, flipped a tractor trailer and left numerous residents without power.[55]
In Texas, the remnants of Rick produced torrential rainfall, peaking at 9.34 in (237 mm) within a concentrated area. Meteorologists did not anticipate how heavy the rain would be, "The magnitude of the rainfall was a bit of a surprise." One person was killed after being swept away in her Jeep on a flooded roadway. Several homes were also flooded during the event and an estimated 300 homes were left without power. Following the floods, numerous roads were closed and some schools had delayed openings.[56]
Records and intensity forecasts
Most intense Pacific hurricanes[57] | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Hurricane | Season | Pressure | ||
hPa | inHg | ||||
1 | Patricia | 2015 | 872 | 25.75 | |
2 | Linda | 1997 | 902 | 26.64 | |
3 | Rick | 2009 | 906 | 26.76 | |
4 | Kenna | 2002 | 913 | 26.96 | |
5 | Ava | 1973 | 915 | 27.02 | |
Ioke | 2006 | ||||
7 | Marie | 2014 | 918 | 27.11 | |
Odile | |||||
9 | Guillermo | 1997 | 919 | 27.14 | |
10 | Gilma | 1994 | 920 | 27.17 | |
Listing is only for tropical cyclones in the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and east of the International Dateline |
On October 17, Hurricane Rick was classified as a Category 5 hurricane, becoming the first storm of this intensity in the eastern Pacific basin since Hurricane Kenna in 2002 and the first east of the International Date Line since Hurricane Ioke in 2006.[18] The storm also became the thirteenth cyclone of this intensity east of the International Date Line since records in the Eastern Pacific began in 1949.[19] The same day, Rick attained its peak intensity with winds of 180 mph (285 km/h) and a barometric pressure of 906 mbar (hPa; 26.75 inHg),[58] making it the second-strongest hurricane ever recorded in the East Pacific, surpassing Kenna. Only Hurricane Linda of 1997 was stronger than Rick, having a minimum pressure of 902 mbar (hPa; 26.64 inHg). It also became the second storm in the basin to have sustained winds of 180 mph (285 km/h) or higher, the other being Linda with 185 mph (300 km/h) sustained winds.[19][58]
Upon being declared a tropical depression on October 15, computer forecasting models already anticipated the likelihood of rapid intensification due to the unusually favorable environmental conditions ahead of the system. The Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model (HWRF) showed the storm attaining a minimum pressure below 900 mbar (hPa; 26.58 inHg),[6] an intensity not attained by any Eastern Pacific hurricane on record.[19] The Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) rapid intensification index, a storm's probability of intensifying by 35 mph (55 km/h) or more within 24 hours, was set at 60%.[6] This percentage quickly increased to 82% several hours later, 11 times higher than the sample mean. The official forecast from the NHC by their second advisory stated that Rick would become a Category 4 hurricane by October 19; however, they mentioned that due to the favorable environment, the storm could intensify faster than forecast.[8] Once Rick had become a Category 2 storm on October 16, the NHC increased their forecast peak intensity to 145 mph (220 km/h), a mid-range Category 4 hurricane.[12]
The first mention of Rick possibly becoming a Category 5 hurricane was in the seventh discussion released by the NHC on October 17. In their advisory, it was noted that the storm had a 10% chance of reaching this intensity within 36 hours.[13] Several hours after this advisory was released, a special update advisory was issued. This new advisory placed the peak intensity of Rick just below Category 5 status, with maximum winds of 155 mph (250 km/h).[59] It was not until the late morning hours of October 17 that the NHC officially anticipated the storm to attain Category 5 status.[15] Upon attaining winds of 180 mph (285 km/h), the NHC forecast Rick to peak with winds of 185 mph (295 km/h), tying the record intensity of Hurricane Linda in 1997.[19][20]
See also
- 2009 Pacific hurricane season
- Timeline of the 2009 Pacific hurricane season
- List of Category 5 Pacific hurricanes
- List of most intense tropical cyclones
- Other tropical cyclones named Rick
References
- ^ John Cangialosi and Jack Beven (October 13, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Jack Beven (October 14, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Eric Blake (October 15, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Jack Beven (October 15, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Jack Beven (October 15, 2009). "Tropical Depression Twenty-E Public Advisory One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b c Jack Beven (October 15, 2009). "Tropical Depression Twenty-E Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Eric Blake (October 15, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Public Advisory Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b Eric Blake (October 15, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Discussion Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Michael Brennan (October 16, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Discussion Three". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Chris Landsea and Jack Beven (October 16, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Public Advisory Four". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Chris Landsea and Jack Beven (October 16, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Four". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b Lixion A. Avila (October 16, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Six". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b John Cangialosi and Michael Brennan (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Seven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Michael Brennan (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Tropical Cyclone Update". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b Jack Beven (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Nine". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Jack Beven (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Ten". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Jack Beven (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Forecast Advisory Ten". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b Lixion A. Avila and Robbie Berg (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Tropical Cyclone Update". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b c d e Hurricane Research Division (2009). "Eastern Pacific Best Tracks, 1949-2008". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ a b Lixion A. Avila (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Eleven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ David Roberts and Michael Brennan (October 18, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Thirteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
- ^ Michael Brennan (October 18, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Fourteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
- ^ Robbie Berg (October 18, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Fifteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
- ^ Richard Pasch (October 19, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Sixteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
- ^ Michael Brennan (October 19, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Discussion Seventeen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ Robbie Berg and Michael Brennan (October 19, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Discussion Nineteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Lixion A. Avila (October 20, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Discussion Twenty-Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ Eric Blake and Daniel Brown (October 20, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Discussion Twenty-Three". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Lixion A. Avila (October 21, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Public Advisory Twenty-Five". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Lixion A. Avila (October 21, 2009). "Tropical Depression Rick Public Advisory Twenty-Five A". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Daniel Brown (October 21, 2009). "Tropical Depression Rick Discussion Twenty-Six (Final)". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (October 16, 2009). "Emiten alerta por huracán Rick en zona costera; Oaxaca sin riesgo". ciudadania-express. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Associated Press (October 18, 2009). "Hurricane Rick builds to Category 5". The Oklahoman. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (October 18, 2009). "Rick avanza como huracán de categoría cinco frente a México". Associated Press. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (October 17, 2009). "Huracán Rick provocará lluvias intensas". El Universal. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Template:Es icon Ulises Gutiérrez and Javier Valdez (October 18, 2009). "Rick llega a categoría 5; amaga costas del Pacífico". La Jornada. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Template:Es icon Sebastian Moreno (October 18, 2009). "Declaran alerta amarilla en cinco municipios de Sonora por 'Rick'" (in Spanish). El Imparcial. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
{{cite web}}
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(help) - ^ Richard Pasch (October 19, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Public Advisory Sixteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
- ^ Associated Press (October 19, 2009). "Weakening Rick threatens Baja California resorts". The Denver Post. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Robbie Berg and Daniel Brown (October 19, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Forecast Advisory Nineteen". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
- ^ Todd Kimberlain and Jack Beven (October 20, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Forecast Advisory Twenty". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
- ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (October 20, 2009). "Esperan en BCS diluvio por tormenta tropical Rick". Notimex. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Lixion A. Avila (October 20, 2009). "Tropical Storm Rick Forecast Advisory Twenty-Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Daniel Brown (October 21, 2009). "Tropical Depression Rick Forecast Advisory Twenty-Six (Final)". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
- ^ Staff Writer (October 20, 2009). "No longer a hurricane, Rick still causing trouble for cruise ships near Mexico". USAToday. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Catherine E. Shoichet (October 21, 2009). "Tropical storm threatens floods, slides in Mexico". Associated Press. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (October 18, 2009). "Situación meteorológica actual del ciclón tropical". La Comisión Federal de Electricidad. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (October 21, 2009). "Alerta en Los Cabos por la tormenta Rick". La Jordana. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Susy Buchanan (October 19, 2009). "Hurricane Rick kills man, nears Mexico coast". Reuters. Retrieved October 20, 2009.
- ^ Pete Thomas (October 21, 2009). "Cabo San Lucas bids farewell to Tropical Storm Rick, which caused minimal damage". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Template:Es icon Agence France-Presse (October 21, 2009). "La tormenta tropical 'Rick' toca tierra en el noroeste mexicano". Noticas. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ Associated Press (October 21, 2009). "Tropical storm hits Mexican resort, topples trees". KGAN CBS 2. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
- ^ Tony Pann (October 24, 2009). "Severe storm potential in the east can be traced to Hurricane Rick from Pacific". Examiner. Retrieved October 24, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Storm Prediction Center (October 22, 2009). "Storm Reports for October 22, 2009". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved October 24, 2009.
- ^ Associated Press (October 22, 2009). "Tornado sweeps through southwest Louisiana". USAToday. Retrieved October 24, 2009.
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(help) - ^ Geoff West (October 23, 2009). "Storm saturates area, delays schools". Highland Lakes Newspapers. Retrieved October 24, 2009.
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(help) - ^ National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Central Pacific Hurricane Center (April 26, 2024). "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2023". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original on May 29, 2024. A guide on how to read the database is available here.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b Lixion A. Avila (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Public Advisory Eleven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
- ^ John Cangialosi and Jack Beven (October 17, 2009). "Hurricane Rick Special Discussion Eight". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 18, 2009.
External links
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