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Indiana Limestone (Doddoli)

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Coordinates: 39°46.384′N 86°10.488′W / 39.773067°N 86.174800°W / 39.773067; -86.174800
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Indiana Limestone

Indiana Limestone
ArtistAdolfo Doddoli
Year1978
TypeLimestone
Height: Template:Ft to m
Length: Template:Ft to m
Width: Template:Ft to m
LocationIndiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Template:City-state, United States
This article has a corresponding record in the SOS! [1])

Indiana Limestone, a public sculpture by Italian-American artist Adolfo Doddoli, is located on the Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis campus, which is near downtown Indianapolis, Indiana. The sculpture is located on the East corner of the North side of the Lecture hall under the overhang. The Lecture Hall is located at 325 University Blv in Indianapolis, Indiana.[1] This sculpture commissioned for the Indianapolis University-Purdue University Indianapolis' (IUPUI) campus in the mid 1970's. It was installed by the artist. [2]

Sculpture Description

'Indiana Limestone' was carved out of one 42"X40"X17.5" piece of limestone obtained from the Wooley Stone Company Inc. located in Bloomington Indiana. The sculpture was complete as of February 1976 and sat in storage at the Herron School of Art until its installation in 1978.[3]

The shape of the sculpture is roughly oval with rounded and organic detailing. There is a channel-like indentation carved into the front of the sculpture. The edges of the top and bottom of both the sculpture as a whole and the channel are scalloped giving the impression of a clam opening. The fluid structure of the shape contrasts with the hardness of the material used. Doddoli favored this juxtaposition using it as a reference to the industrial age.[4] A plaque bearing the title, name of the artist and date is located on the proper left front corner of the base of the sculpture just above the concrete base pedestal.

Stone sculpture is generally carved in three steps: roughing out, intermediate carving and final finishing. The first step is generally carried out with a large hammer and chisel. Large chunks of rock are taken off and the basic shape is formed. The next step is commonly undertaken with some sort of mechanical instrument to further refine the shape and add detail. Final finishing can be undertaken with a small hammer and chisel combination or through some method of abrasion.[5] A photograph in the Digital collection of IUPUI University Library shows Adolfo Doddoli engaging in an abrasive technique to finish a sculpture.

Sculpture Information

Sculpture Commission

This sculpture was one of four commissioned by IUPUI in the mid 1970's for installation around Cavaugh Hall and other high traffic areas. The proposals/works were selected by an internal committee and funded by national grants from the National Endowment for the Arts and matching fund from Friends of the University.[6][7] Other artists selected at the time were Gary Edison, Gary Freeman and Charles Hook.[8] Each artist was given $1000 for materials and production.[9][10]

Sculpture Placement and Installation

The artist requested its placement at the North side of the Lecture Hall under the overhang so as to protect the sculpture from corrosion. He also requested a 3 foot high pedestal base to be used to mount the sculpture.[11] A request was issued for the creation of this base in February 1976 citing the space the finished sculpture was taking up in Herron's art studios, but there is no evidence that it was made until the installation in 1978.[12]

Labeling the Sculpture

The sculpture was installed in 1978 without a label. Arthur Weber, Dean of the Herron School of Art indicated that each of the sculptures commissioned for campus should be clearly labeled. Through a series of memorandums in 1978 and 1979 between Weber, Vice Chancellor Moore, Gary Freeman and Adolfo Doddoli a plaque was made and eventually installed on the base of the sculpture some time after June 5, 1979.[13][14][15][16]

Artist

Education

Adolfo Doddoli is from Florence, Italy where he studied at the Instituto Statale D'Arte. He obtained his maestro d'arte at the age of 18 and furthered his studies at the same institution, obtaining a second degree which allowed him to teach. In 1960 he emigrated to the United States of America to study at the Colorado College in Colorado Springs with a foreign student scholarship. After a short break from school to teach Doddoli attended the University of Kentucky at Lexington where he obtained a Masters in fine arts in 1969.[17] Conversly, The Herron Chronicle, a book detailing the first 100 years of the Herron School of Art, list's Doddoli's MFA as coming from Northern Illinois University.[18]

Employment

After studying at Colorado College for a year Doddoli taught at Southern Colorado State College at Pueblo. He later worked in a casting house in New York state before attending the University of Kentucky. In the fall of 1969 Doddoli joined the Herron School of Art where he taught fundamentals of Design on a one year contract.[19] He returned the next year as a full faculty member, staying at Herron until 1999 retiring as Associate Professor Emeritus. While at Herron, Doddoli chaired the 1988 herron Building Committee. This committee compiled the needs assessment plan which proposed a new building for the School. It would take more than 10 years for the work indicated in the needs assessment to come to fruition.[20]

Other Work

In 1987, two chairs designed by Adolfo Doddoli were included in the exhibition "Topeka Kansas 1987." This exhibition featured furniture designs by thirteen artists and was held in the LimeLight gallery in Dearborn, Michigan.[21]

Location History

'Indiana Limestone' was stored in the Herron School of Art from at least February 23, 1976 to its installation on the North side of the Lecture Hall before August 1978.[22] Since the installation of the sculpture it has not been moved from its position at the East corner of the North side of the Lecture Hall which is located at 325 University Blv in Indianapolis, Indiana.[23]

Condition

The black dots are evidence of the corrosion where the limestone has turned to gypsum.
Indiana Limstone Detail of Condition: Proper Front top surface, by Adolfo Doddoli, 1978. The black dots are evidence of corrosion where the limestone has turned to gypsum

'Indiana Limestone' was examined and documented on November 16, 2009. On this day the sculpture appeared to be in fair condition. It is structurally sound and firmly attached to its base. The concrete base is in fair to good condition with only one major chip (located on the front face) and some discoloration streaking down from the sculpture. The sculpture itself has no structural damage (chips, nicks, cracks) but shows evidence of corrosion from water damage. This damage is mild to moderate in various locations on the sculpture. Over all, however, the decision to place it under the overhang of the building has probably cut the amount of possible corrosion considerably.

Limestone is a porous sedimentary stone made mostly of calcium carbonate. As such it is very reactive to acid solutions. Acid rain can be highly corrosive to exposed limestone. The burning of fossil fuels expels sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere where it is then transformed into sulfuric acid. This acid then falls back to the surface in the form of acid rain. Acid rain affects limestone by turning it's exposed surface to gypsum, a rock even more porous than limestone. This leads to further permeation of the stone which weakens it and opens it up to possible infestation from mold. The gypsum also incorporates other elements from the surrounding atmosphere which creates a black crust on the corroded limestone.[24]

'Indiana Limestone' shows evidence of corrosion in many places. There are black spots on the top of the stone that vary in size from pinpoints to slightly smaller than a dime. The many of the top edges on the front surface of the sculpture show significant blackening and the back of the sculpture is streaked with brown, gray and black discoloration running down the length of the sculpture and continuing down the base. The extent of the damage appears to be only the discoloration, but there could be more damage beyond the surface. Further examination by a conservation professional is needed to determine if cleaning and/or other conservation work is warranted.

Documentation

A Museum Studies course at IUPUI recently undertook the project of researching and reporting on the condition of 40 outdoor sculptures on the university campus. Indiana Limestone was included in this movement. This documentation was influenced by the successful Save Outdoor Sculpture! 1989 campaign organized by Heritage Preservation: The National Institute of Conservation partnered with the Smithsonsian Institution, specifically the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Throughout the 1990s, over 7,000 volunteers nationwide have cataloged and assessed the condition of over 30,000 publicly accessible statues, monuments, and sculptures installed as outdoor public art across the United States [25].

See Also

Limestone

The Seated Scribe

Indiana Limestone

External Links

SIRIS Database Entry

Images in the IUPUI Collection Care and Management Group

References

  1. ^ "Lecture Hall (LE)." IUPUI Building Directory. http://www.iupui.edu/building/LE.html accessed 30 November 2009.
  2. ^ Danielson, Phyllis I. "Memorandum to Dr. E.C. Moore, Executive Vice Chancellor RE: Recommendations for placement of Sculpture." 29 March 1976.
  3. ^ Danielson, Phyllis I. "Memorandum to Dr. E.C. Moore, Executive Vice Chancellor RE: Recommendations for placement of Sculpture." 29 March 1976.
  4. ^ This Week in Indiana Art. "Herron Sculptor Models 'Moment.'" The Indianapolis Star 28 December 1969. Print.
  5. ^ Verhelst, W. Sculpture: Tools, Materials, and Techniques, 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc, 1988. Print.
  6. ^ Weber, Arthur. "Reply to Art in Public Places:Survey of College and University Campuses." 25 May 1979.
  7. ^ Montz, Ted. "Art in Public Places:Survey of College and University Campuses." 16 May 1979.
  8. ^ Danielson, Phyllis I. "Memorandum to Dr. E.C. Moore, Executive Vice Chancellor RE: Recommendations for placement of Sculpture." 29 March 1976.
  9. ^ Weber, Arthur. "Reply to Art in Public Places:Survey of College and University Campuses." 25 May 1979.
  10. ^ Montz, Ted. "Art in Public Places:Survey of College and University Campuses." 16 May 1979.
  11. ^ Danielson, Phyllis I. "Memorandum to Dr. E.C. Moore, Executive Vice Chancellor RE: Recommendations for placement of Sculpture." 29 March 1976.
  12. ^ Weber, Arthur. "Memorandum to Dr. E.C. Moore." 23 February 1976.
  13. ^ Weber, Arthur. "Inter-Departmental Communication to A Doddoli and Gary Freeman." 24 August 1978.
  14. ^ Moore, E.C. "Memorandum to Artur Webber RE: What do we put on the Plaques?" 28 August 1978.
  15. ^ Weber, Arthur. "Memorandum to E.C. Moore RE: The plaques are in." 4 December 1978.
  16. ^ Weber, Arthur. "Memorandum to Will Henshew RE: We need to get the plaques up." 5 June 1979.
  17. ^ This Week in Indiana Art. "Herron Sculptor Models 'Moment.'" The Indianapolis Star 28 December 1969. Print.
  18. ^ Warkel, H.G., Drouse, M.F., and Berry, S.L. The Herron Chronicle. Indianapolis: Herron School of Art, 2005. Print.
  19. ^ This Week in Indiana Art. "Herron Sculptor Models 'Moment.'" The Indianapolis Star 28 December 1969. Print.
  20. ^ Warkel, H.G., Drouse, M.F., and Berry, S.L. The Herron Chronicle. Indianapolis: Herron School of Art, 2005. Print.
  21. ^ LimeLight Gallery. "Topeka Kansas 1987." Invitation to opening reception September 1987.
  22. ^ Weber, Arthur. "Memorandum to Dr. E.C. Moore." 23 February 1976.
  23. ^ "Lecture Hall (LE)," IUPUI Building Directory. http://www.iupui.edu/building/LE.html accessed 30 November 2009.
  24. ^ art conservation and restoration." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 30 Nov. 2009 <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/36477/art-conservation-and-restoration>.
  25. ^ "Save Outdoor Sculpture! About Page". Retrieved 2009-04-25.

39°46.384′N 86°10.488′W / 39.773067°N 86.174800°W / 39.773067; -86.174800


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