Self-segregation
Auto-segregation (Self-segregation) is the separation of a religious or ethnic group from the rest of society in a state by the group iself. Through auto-segregation, the members of the separate group can establish their own services, and maintain their own traditions and customs.
For example, some world tribes have preferred to stay in reservations and not to integrate with the rest of the state's population. By remaining in a reservation or on their original lands, they can preserve their language and beliefs.
On the other hand, some supremacist groups self-segregate to avoid integrating with other groups that they consider inferior. Racists, Radical islamists, Orthodox Jews, Ultra-nationalists and other supremacist or ethno-centric groups commonly segregate themselves from other communities through various practices like endogamy. The Apartheid system in South Africa is an extreme example of this trend.
Endogamy as Self-segregation
Endogamy encourages group affiliation and bonding. It is a common practice among displanted cultures attempting to make roots in new countries whilst still resisting complete integration, as it encourages group solidarity and ensures greater control over group resources (which may be important to preserve when a group is attempting to establish itself within an alien culture).
However endogamy can also serve as a form of self-segregation and helps a community to resist integrating with surrounding populations. It thus helps minorities to survive as separate communities over a long time, in societies with other practices and beliefs.
Ethno-religious groups which have successfully resisted complete integration for the longest, for example the Romany gypsies, the Ashkenazi Jews of Europe and the white people of South Africa, practise a relatively higher level of endogamy.
Islam typically enforces a limited form of endogamy, Muslim men can take wives from neighbouring non-muslim populations but Muslim women are normally forbidden to marry outside of the Muslim community. This may be to ensure that Islam spreads into surrounding populations and is not diluted through integration with them.
See also
Books:
References
- Massey Douglas S. Segregation and stratification: A biosocial perspective Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race (2004) Cambridge University Press
- Cohen Bruce J. Introduction to Sociology (1979) ISBN 0-07-011591-5 McGraw-Hill
Segregation in countries by type (in some countries, categories overlap) | |
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