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Jakarta EE

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Java platform editions

Java Platform, Enterprise Edition or Java EE is a widely used platform for server programming in the Java programming language. The Java platform (Enterprise Edition) differs from the Java Standard Edition Platform (Java SE) in that it adds libraries which provide functionality to deploy fault-tolerant, distributed, multi-tier Java software, based largely on modular components running on an application server[1].

Nomenclature, standards, and specifications

The platform was known as Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition or J2EE until the name was changed to Java EE in version 5. The current version is called Java EE 6.

Java EE is defined by its specification. As with other Java Community Process specifications, providers must meet certain conformance requirements in order to declare their products as Java EE compliant..

Java EE includes several API specifications, such as JDBC, RMI, e-mail, JMS, web services, XML, etc., and defines how to coordinate them. Java EE also features some specifications unique to Java EE for components. These include Enterprise JavaBeans, Connectors, servlets, portlets (following the Java Portlet specification), JavaServer Pages and several web service technologies. This allows developers to create enterprise applications that are portable and scalable, and that integrate with legacy technologies. A Java EE application server can handle transactions, security, scalability, concurrency and management of the components that are deployed to it, in order to enable developers to concentrate more on the business logic of the components rather than on infrastructure and integration tasks.

General APIs

The Java EE APIs includes several technologies that extend the functionality of the base Java SE APIs.

javax.faces.*

This package defines the root of the JavaServer Faces (JSF) API. JSF is a technology for constructing user interfaces out of components.

javax.faces.component.*

This package defines the component part of the JavaServer Faces (JSF) API. Since JSF is primarily component oriented, this is one of the core packages. The package overview contains a UML diagram of the component hierarchy.

javax.servlet.*

The servlet specification defines a set of APIs to service mainly HTTP requests. It includes the JavaServer Pages specification.

javax.enterprise.inject.*

These packages define the injection annotations for the contexts and Dependency Injection (CDI) API.

javax.enterprise.context.*

These packages define the context annotations and interfaces for the Contexts and Dependency Injection (CDI) API.

javax.ejb.*

The Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) specification defines a set of lightweight APIs that an object container (the EJB container) will support in order to provide transactions (using JTA), remote procedure calls (using RMI or RMI-IIOP), concurrency control, dependency injection and access control for business objects. This package contains the Enterprise JavaBeans classes and interfaces that define the contracts between the enterprise bean and its clients and between the enterprise bean and the ejb container.

javax.validation

This package contains the annotations and interfaces for the declarative validation support offered by the Bean Validation API. Bean Validation provides a unified way to provide constraints on beans (e.g. JPA model classes) that can be enforced cross-layer. In Java EE, JPA honors bean validation constraints in the persistence layer, while JSF does so in the view layer.

javax.persistence

This package contains the classes and interfaces that define the contracts between a persistence provider and the managed classes and the clients of the Java Persistence API (JPA).

javax.transaction

This package provides the Java Transaction API (JTA) API that contains the interfaces to interact with the transaction support offered by Java EE. Even though this API abstracts from the really low-level details, it is itself also considered somewhat low-level and the average application developer in Java EE is assumed to be relying on transparent handling of transactions by the higher level EJB abstractions.

javax.jms.*

This package defines the Java Message Service (JMS) API. The JMS API provides a common way for Java programs to create, send, receive and read an enterprise messaging system's messages.

javax.xml.stream

This package contains readers and writers for XML streams.

javax.resource.*

This package defines the Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA) API. Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA) is a Java-based technology solution for connecting application servers and enterprise information systems (EIS) as part of enterprise application integration (EAI) solutions. This is a low-level API aimed at vendors that the average application developer typically does not come in contact with.

Certified application servers

Java EE 6 certified

Full

Web Profile

In development for full Java EE 6

  • Oracle WebLogic Application Server
  • JEUS 7, an application server from TmaxSoft. According to their web site "JEUS 7 is scheduled to be released at the end of 2010."[3]
  • JOnAS 5.3 An open-source application server from OW2 [3]
  • JBoss Application Server 7.1 [5]

In development for Java EE 6 Web Profile

Java EE 5 certified

J2EE 1.4 certified

Differences between implementations

Although by definition all Java EE implementations provide the same base level of technologies (namely, the Java EE spec and the associated APIs), they can differ considerably with respect to extra features (like connectors, clustering, fault tolerance, high availability, security, etc.), installed size, memory footprint, startup time, etc.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.java.com/en/download/faq/techinfo.xml#javaee
  2. ^ a b https://glassfish.dev.java.net/public/comparing_v2_and_v3.html
  3. ^ a b http://java.sun.com/javaee/overview/compatibility.jsp
  4. ^ http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/techjournal/1106_alcott/1106_alcott.html
  5. ^ http://community.jboss.org/blogs/mark.little/2011/07/12/jbossas-70-is-here
  6. ^ http://jaxenter.com/java-ee-6-overview-35987-3.html
  7. ^ Java EE Compatibility
  8. ^ JBoss AS is now EE5 certified
  9. ^ http://agoncal.wordpress.com/2009/12/12/o-application-servers-where-art-thou/

Books

  • Goncalves, Antonio (2009). Beginning Java EE 6 Platform with GlassFish 3: From Novice to Professional. Apress. ISBN 1-4302-1954-8.
  • Perrone, Paul J. (2003). J2EE Developer's Handbook. Indianapolis, Indiana: Sam's Publishing. ISBN 0-672-32348-6. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  • Bodoff, Stephanie (2004). The J2EE Tutorial. Boston: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-321-24575-X.
  • Kumaraswamipillai, Arulkumaran (2007). Java/J2EE Job Interview Companion. ISBN 1-41-166824-3.
  • Solveig Haugland, Mark Cade, Anthony Orapallo: J2EE 1.4: The Big Picture, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-148010-3
  • Alan Monnox: Rapid J2EE Development: An Adaptive Foundation for Enterprise Applications, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-147220-8
  • Renaud Pawlak, Lionel Seinturier, Jean-Philippe Retaillé: Foundations of AOP for J2EE Development, ISBN 1-59059-507-6
  • Christopher Judd, Hakeem Shittu: Pro Eclipse JST: Plug-ins for J2EE Development, ISBN 1-59059-493-2
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