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1996 Pacific typhoon season

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1996 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedFebruary 29, 1996
Last system dissipatedDecember 30, 1996
Strongest storm
NameHerb
 • Maximum winds260 km/h (160 mph)
 • Lowest pressure925 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions43
Total storms33
Typhoons21
Super typhoons6
Total fatalities873
Total damageUnknown
Pacific typhoon seasons
1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998

The 1996 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1996, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November.[1] These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1996 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

Storms

The 1996 season was very active. Forty-four tropical cyclones formed this year, of which 33 became tropical storms. Twenty-one storms reached typhoon intensity, of which six reached super typhoon strength.

Tropical Depression 01W (Asiang)

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationFebruary 27 – March 1
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

On February 21, a large area of convection developed south of the Philippines Sea. The convection developed into a low pressure area and was at first bombarded by wind shear, but conditions soon turned favorable which allowed it to strengthen rapidly on February 27 before becoming a Tropical depression on February 28. Tropical Depression 01w soon drifted over the Philippines a day later, and weakened slightly due to land interaction. On March 1, a cold front brought cold, dry air and vertical wind shear which pushed the system south caused the system's low level circulation center to become exposed. The exposed remnants of 01w continued to drift south, before being completely absorbed by the Intertropical Convergence Zone.

Tropical Storm Ann (Biring)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationApril 2 – April 9
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 03W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationApril 25 – April 26
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min);

Typhoon Bart (Konsing)

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 9 – May 18
Peak intensity230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min);
930 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Cam (Ditang)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationMay 18 – May 24
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min);
994 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Dan

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 5 – July 12
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Eve

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 13 – July 20
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min);
940 hPa (mbar)

A Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough spawned Tropical Depression 7W on July 10 over the open Western Pacific. It tracked generally west-northwestward, strengthening to a tropical storm on the 14th. On the 15th Eve became a typhoon, which was followed by a period of explosive deepening to a 100 mph Typhoon, with a pressure drop of 40 mb from early on the 15th to early on the 16th. An eyewall replacement cycle weakened Eve to a 95 mph typhoon, but as the outer eyewall contracted, the storm again reached wind speeds of 97 mph before hitting southern Japan on the 18th. Rapidly weakening over the mountains, Eve turned eastward over the islands and the last warning was issued on the 20th. It restrengthened to a tropical storm east of Japan, and continued northeastward until dissipation on the 27th. Eve, despite being a Category 4 at landfall, caused no reported deaths and only 9 injuries.[2]

Typhoon Frankie (Edeng)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 21 – July 24
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

An active monsoon trough over the Western Pacific Ocean developed 3 typhoons; Frankie, Gloria, and Herb. The first, Frankie, developed in the South China Sea on July 19. It tracked west-northwestward and became a tropical storm on the 21st. After crossing the island of Hainan Frankie rapidly intensified to a 100 mph typhoon over the Gulf of Tonkin. It northern Vietnam on the 23rd, and dissipated 2 days later over China. 104 people were reported killed or missing in association with Frankie, and damage figures are estimated at over $200 million (1996 US Dollars).[2]

Typhoon Gloria (Gloring)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 22 – July 27
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min);
965 hPa (mbar)

The same monsoon trough that spawned Frankie also spawned a tropical depression on July 19 east of the Philippines. It headed northwestward, slowly organizing into a tropical storm on the 22nd. The next day Gloria reached typhoon strength, and a day later it reached its peak of 100 mph winds. Gloria brushed the northern coast of the Philippines and turned northward to hit Taiwan on the 26th. After crossing the island and the Taiwan Straight, Gloria hit China where she dissipated on the 27th. Gloria caused 23 casualties, 20 of which were in the northern Philippines. In addition, damage was estimated at $20 million (1996 USD).[2]

Super Typhoon Herb (Huaning)

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 23 – August 1
Peak intensity175 km/h (110 mph) (10-min);
925 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Herb

Super Typhoon Herb was the strongest and the largest storm of 1996. Herb struck Ryūkyū Islands, Taiwan and People's Republic of China. Maximum sustained winds of the cyclone reached 160 miles per hour (260 km/h) over the open ocean. The system led to 590 casualties and US$5 billion in damage (1996 dollars).[2]

Tropical Storm Ian

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 28 – July 31
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
1002 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Joy

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationJuly 29 – August 5
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Kirk (Isang)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 3 – August 16
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

A monsoon depression developed on July 28 over the open Pacific Ocean. It headed northwestward, slowly consolidating to become a tropical storm on the 5th. While south of Japan, Kirk drifted to the southeast and looped back to the west, strengthening to a typhoon on the 8th while looping. It continued slowly northwestward, and while curving to the northeast Kirk reached a peak of 110 mph winds. The typhoon struck southwestern Japan at that intensity on the 14th. It weakened over the country, and dissipated on the 16th over the northern Pacific. Kirk caused heavy flooding, resulting in at least 2 deaths and moderate damage.[2]

Tropical Storm Lisa

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 5 – August 7
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 15W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 12 – August 16
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Marty

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 13 – August 14
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
991 hPa (mbar)

The monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression over southern China on August 11. It drifted southwestward, entering the Gulf of Tonkin on the 12th. An extremely small cyclone, it reached tropical storm strength on the 13th and a peak of 60 mph on the 14th. Marty made landfall on the 14th on northern Vietnam, where it dissipated 3 days later. Though small and somewhat weak, Marty managed to cause moderate damage and flooding, amounting to the deaths of 125 with 107 people missing.[2]

Tropical Depression 17W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 14 – August 14
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);

Typhoon Niki (Lusing)

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 18 – August 23
Peak intensity175 km/h (110 mph) (1-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Orson

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 21 – September 3
Peak intensity215 km/h (130 mph) (1-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Piper

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 23 – August 26
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 21W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 26 – August 27
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min);

Tropical Storm Rick

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationAugust 28 – August 31
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (1-min);
1006 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Sally (Maring)

Very strong typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 5 – September 9
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (10-min);
940 hPa (mbar)

On September 2, a tropical depression developed well east of the Philippines. It headed west-northwestward, reaching tropical storm strength on the 5th and typhoon strength on the 6th. On the 7th Sally rapidly intensified to a 160 mph Super Typhoon while passing just north of the Philippines. It weakened slightly yet steadily to a 115 mph typhoon over the South China Sea, hitting the Luichow Peninsula of China on the 9th, and dissipated the next day over the country. Sally brought heavy rain and damage to China, causing 114 casualties, 110 people missing, and economic losses estimated at $1.5 billion (1996 USD).[2]

Tropical Storm 24W (Ningning)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 9 – September 14
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Tom

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 11 – September 20
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min);
965 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Violet (Osang)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 11 – September 23
Peak intensity240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min);
935 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Willie

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 17 – September 23
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (10-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

An active monsoon trough that also developed Typhoons Tom (25W) and Violet (26W) spawned a tropical depression in the Gulf of Tonkin on September 16. It moved counter-clockwise around Hainan Island, becoming a tropical storm on the 17th and a typhoon on the 19th. It crossed the narrow Hainan Straight between Hainan and China, and continued west-southwestward across the Gulf of Tonkin. Willie made landfall on Vietnam on the 22nd, and dissipated the next day. The typhoon resulted in 38 fatalities from flooding.[2]

Super Typhoon Yates (Paring)

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 22 – October 1
Peak intensity240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min);
935 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Zane (Reming)

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationSeptember 24 – October 3
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (1-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Abel (Seniang)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 11 – October 17
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

In the Philippines, Abel killed eight people, left seven others missing and caused $4.3 million in damages.

Tropical Depression 31W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 13 – October 17
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min);

Typhoon Beth

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 13 – October 21
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (1-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Carlo

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 21 – October 26
Peak intensity195 km/h (120 mph) (1-min);
965 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 34W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationOctober 29 – October 30
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);

Tropical Storm 35W

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 2 – November 3
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
996 hPa (mbar)

35W killed 60 people and caused $138 million in damages.[3]

Super Typhoon Dale (Ulpiang)

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 4 – November 14
Peak intensity260 km/h (160 mph) (1-min);
930 hPa (mbar)

A cluster of thunderstorm activity formed southeast of Guam on November 2. The system slowly organized, becoming a tropical depression on November 4. Remaining nearly stationary, the depression intensified into a tropical storm late in the day. The cyclone then turned westward, becoming a typhoon by November 7. Late in the day, Dale passed south of Guam bringing winds as high as 74 knots (137 km/h) and high seas which overtopped cliffs 30 metres (98 ft) high. Damage on the island totaled US$3.5 million (1996 dollars.) Continuing to intensify, Dale became a supertyphoon in the Philippine Sea on November 9. On November 10, Dale turned north, recurving east of the Philippines. On November 14, Dale accelerated east-northeast at more than 60 knots (110 km/h) as it became an extratropical cyclone.[2]

Tropical Storm Ernie (Toyang)

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 4 – November 17
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
996 hPa (mbar)

In the Philippines, Ernie killed 24 people, left 12 others missing and caused $5.1 million in damages.

Tropical Storm 38W

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 6 – November 8
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);

Tropical Depression 39W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 8 – November 9
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);

Tropical Depression 40W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationNovember 25 – December 1
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min);

Tropical Depression 41W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 14 – December 20
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);

Typhoon Fern

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 21 – December 30
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (1-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Greg

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
 
DurationDecember 24 – December 27
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

Two active monsoon troughs that also developed Typhoon Fern and Southern Hemisphere Cyclones Ophelia, Phil, and Fergus spawned Tropical Depression 43W in the South China Sea on December 21. Due to the troughs' nature, the depression headed east-southeastward, where it strengthened into the final tropical storm of the year on the 24th; Greg. After reaching a peak of 45 knots (83 km/h) winds it crossed the northern part of Borneo on the 25th. It continued east-southeastward until dissipation on the 27th, south of the Philippines. Greg caused extensive property damage on Borneo from torrential flooding, resulting in 127 deaths and 100 people missing.[2]

1996 storm names

Western North Pacific tropical cyclones were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. This was the first year the following names were used. The first storm of 1996 was named Ann and the final one was named Greg.

  • Ann 02W
  • Bart 04W
  • Cam 05W
  • Dan 06W
  • Eve 07W
  • Frankie 08W
  • Gloria 09W
  • Herb 10W
  • Ian 11W
  • Joy 12W
  • Kirk 13W
  • Lisa 14W
  • Marty 16W
  • Niki 18W
  • Orson 19W
  • Piper 20W
  • Rick 22W
  • Sally 23W
  • Tom 25W
  • Violet 26W
  • Willie 27W
  • Yates 28W
  • Zane 29W
  • Abel 30W
  • Beth 32W
  • Carlo 33W
  • Dale 36W
  • Ernie 37W
  • Fern 42W
  • Greg 43W
  • Hannah
  • Isa
  • Jimmy
  • Kelly
  • Levi
  • Marie
  • Nestor
  • Opal
  • Peter
  • Rosie
  • Scott
  • Tina
  • Victor
  • Winnie
  • Yule
  • Zita
  • Amber
  • Bing
  • Cass
  • David
  • Ella
  • Fritz
  • Ginger
  • Hank
  • Ivan
  • Joan
  • Keith
  • Linda
  • Mort
  • Nichole
  • Otto
  • Penny
  • Rex
  • Stella
  • Todd
  • Vicki
  • Waldo
  • Yanni
  • Zeb
  • Alex
  • Babs
  • Chip
  • Dawn
  • Elvis
  • Faith
  • Gil
  • Hilda
  • Iris
  • Jacob
  • Kate
  • Leo
  • Maggie
  • Neil
  • Olga
  • Paul
  • Rachel
  • Sam
  • Tanya
  • Virgil
  • Wendy
  • York
  • Zia

Philippines

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones within its area of responsibility. Lists are recycled every four years. This is the same list used for the 1992 season.

  • Asiang 01W
  • Biring 02W
  • Konsing 04W
  • Ditang 05W
  • Edeng 08W
  • Gloring 09W
  • Huaning 10W
  • Isang 13W
  • Lusing 18W
  • Maring 23W
  • Ningning 24W
  • Osang 26W
  • Paring 28W
  • Reming 29W
  • Seniang 30W
  • Toyang 37W
  • Ulpiang 36W
  • Welpring (unused)
  • Yerling (unused)
  • Aring (unused)
  • Basiang (unused)
  • Kayang (unused)
  • Dorang (unused)
  • Enang (unused)
  • Grasing (unused)

See also

References

  1. ^ Gary Padgett. May 2003 Tropical Cyclone Summary. Retrieved 2006-08-26.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Joint Typhoon Warning Center. 1996 Pacific Typhoon Tropical Cyclone Report: Chapter 3. Retrieved on 2007-01-07.
  3. ^ http://cidi.org/disaster/96b/6k01.html

Template:1990-1999 Pacific typhoon seasons

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