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Typhoon Fitow

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Typhoon Fitow (Quedan)
Typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Fitow on October 5
FormedSeptember 29, 2013
DissipatedOctober 7, 2013
Highest winds10-minute sustained: 140 km/h (85 mph)
1-minute sustained: 165 km/h (105 mph)
Lowest pressure960 hPa (mbar); 28.35 inHg
Fatalities11 total[1]
Damage$10.4 billion (2013 USD)
Areas affectedPalau, Taiwan, China, Japan
Part of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Fitow, (international designation: 1323, JTWC designation: 22W, PAGASA name: Quedan) was a category 2 typhoon that developed in the West Pacific. The name Fitow was named after a flower.[2] The twenty-first named storm and sixth typhoon of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season, Fitow made landfall and caused severe damage in China with a damage total amounting to at least $6.7 billion in early October 2013.[3] Forming out of a tropical low on September  26 near Palau, it was declared a tropical depression on September  29 as Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) afterwards named it Quedan, subsequently intensifying into a tropical storm on September  30 earning the name Fitow on October  1 for having that intensity.[4] As it slowly intensified, maintaining tropical storm intensity for three days. On October  3, Fitow strengthened into a minimum Category 1 typhoon, only to once again strengthen to a Category 2 on October  4 as it developed a large eye as it battered the Japanese islands at peak intensity killing at least 2 people.[5] It moved westward and made landfall as a tropical storm in China, where most of the damage there were extensive. It fully dissipated on October  7.[citation needed]

Meteorological history

Track of Typhoon Fitow

On September  26, a tropical low formed near Palau. As it was moving north-northwest, deep convection wrapped around the system. Afterwards early on September  29, the JMA and PAGASA reported that a tropical depression had developed about 310 km (195 mi)* to the northeast of Palau, with the latter naming it as Quedan.[6][7] As it was slowly intensifying simultaneously moving northward, Fitow could not intensify as much due to wind shear surrounding the system. As it moved into warmer and lower windshear, it started to strengthen. Afterwards, Fitow had attained 1-minute sustained winds of 75mph, as the JTWC upgraded it to a category 1 typhoon and the JMA categorized Fitow as a severe tropical storm.[8] It rapidly intensified into a Category 2 typhoon on October 4.[citation needed] During the evening of October 5, Fitow had attained peak intensity with 1 minute sustained winds of 105 mph and 10 minute sustained winds of 85 mph.[9] On October 6, Fitow made landfall on October 6 with winds of 65 mph close to the border of southern Zhejiang and northern Fujian Provinces.[10]

During October 7, the JMA reported that the system weakened into a tropical depression, before it dissipated while located over China's Fujian Province.[6][11]

Preparations and impact

Typhoon Fitow making landfall in China on October 6, 2013

As Fitow was approaching China, 574,000 people were evacuated from Zhejiang and 177,000 from Fujian, resulting in 751,000 people evacuated both from these provinces. Approximately 35,800 boat vessels returned to shore, and 30,000 fishing boats recalled back.[12] The two provinces were placed at Signal 4, or red alert.[13] Coastal facilities such as seaside bathing centers were closed.[2] In total, 103 international flights were cancelled, and 14 flights were delayed. Seventeen ferry services between Taiwan and the offshore islands near the landmass were also terminated. 670 mountain climbers were advised to terminate their plans as the bureau forecast torrential rains in mountainous areas in the north and northeast, and could get worse due to Fitow. 20,000 troops were ordered by the Taiwan military to protect and be on standby.[13]

Approximately seven million people were affected by Typhoon Fitow.[14] Severe flooding took place near the landfall area. Bullet trains and coach services were suspended due to the typhoon.[2]

Okinawa

Within Okinawa winds gusting to a peak of 133 km/h (83 mph) were recorded at Miyakojima.[11] Several flights to and from Okinawa were delayed and or cancelled, while over 6800 homes suffered power cuts.[15]

Taiwan

On October 6, as Fitow neared the island’s north coast Taiwan’s Central Weather Bureau hoisted a typhoon warning.[15]

China

Ahead of Fitow impacting China, maritime authorities issued red alerts, for storm tides and waves.[15]

Significant damage was inflicted in the Chinese provincial regions of Fujian, Zhejiang and Shanghai with a storm surge, winds gusting over 160 km/h (100 mph)* and torrential rainfall led to nearly 95,000 homes being damaged and 75,000 hectares (190,000 acres) of crops submerged.[16] The Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) cited economic losses at CNY41 billion (USD6.7 billion).[16]

Rainfall was measured at more than 400 mm (16 inches) in Rui'an, China by the typhoon. Eight inches of rain were recorded in the city of Hangzhou, Naha Airport recorded five inches of rain, and two inches of rain fell in Shanghai.[10] In total, at least 15 fatalities were reported.[17] 2 casualties were due to their car's plunging into a river.[14] Another was a 55-year old person that was blown off a hill due to strong wind. Telephone poles were snapped in half, while iron roadsigns were bent due to strong wind.[18] Major flooding had taken place, as 70% of Yuyao city was flooded with water.[19]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Member Report: China" (PDF).
  2. ^ a b c "Typhoon Fitow hits eastern China after mass evacuation". October 7, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  3. ^ "October 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap" (PDF). AON Benfield. November 7, 2013. p. 15. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  4. ^ "Tropical Storm FITOW (QUEDAN) Update Number 001". Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  5. ^ "Orange Tropical Cyclone alert for FITOW-13 in China". Retrieved October 6, 2013.
  6. ^ a b RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center (November 1, 2013). Typhoon Fitow (RSMC Tropical Cyclone Best Track). Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on November 1, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2013. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "Tropical Depression "Quedan" September 29, 2013 09z" (Tropical Cyclone Alert). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. September 29, 2013. Archived from the original on September 29, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  8. ^ "FITOW and 23W…". October 3, 2013. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  9. ^ "Typhoon FITOW (QUEDAN) Update Number 009". Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  10. ^ a b "Fitow Makes Landfall in China". October 7, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  11. ^ a b Japan Meteorological Agency (November 22, 2013). Member Report: Japan. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee: 8th Integrated Workshop/2nd TRCG Forum. ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 26, 2013. Retrieved November 26, 2013. {{cite conference}}: External link in |conferenceurl= (help); Unknown parameter |conferenceurl= ignored (|conference-url= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Typhoon Fitow hits China after evacuation of 574,000 people". The Guardian. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  13. ^ a b "China on highest alert for Typhoon Fitow". October 6, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
  14. ^ a b "Typhoon Fitow kills 10 in east China". Bangkok Post. October 10, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
  15. ^ a b c Hur, Jae (October 6, 2013). "Typhoon Fitow Slams Okinawa on Way to China Followed by Danas". Bloomberg. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  16. ^ a b October 2013 Global Catastrophe Recap (PDF) (Report). AON Benfield. November 13, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
  17. ^ "Typhoon Fitow makes 15 killed in South-East China". NATDIS. October 7, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
  18. ^ "Typhoon Fitow slams into China, kills five". globalpost. October 7, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
  19. ^ "Closing the floodgates to disaster". CHINADAILY USA. October 7, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
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