Gympie
| Gympie Queensland | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
  Gympie | |||||||||
| Coordinates | 26°11′S 152°40′E / 26.19°S 152.66°E | ||||||||
| Population | 18,602 (2011 Census)[1] | ||||||||
| Established | 1867 | ||||||||
| Location | 160 km (99 mi) from Brisbane | ||||||||
| LGA(s) | Gympie Region | ||||||||
| State electorate(s) | Gympie | ||||||||
| Federal division(s) | Wide Bay | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Gympie /ˈɡɪmpi/[2] is a regional town in the Wide Bay-Burnett region of Queensland, Australia. It is about 160 kilometres (100 mi) north of the state capital, Brisbane. The city lies on the Mary River, which floods the town periodically. Gympie is the administrative centre for the Gympie Region area. At the 2011 census, Gympie had a population of 18,602.[1]
Gympie is famous for its gold field.[3] It contains a number of historic buildings registered on the Queensland Heritage Register.
Etymology
Gympie's name derives from the Kabi (the language of a tribe of Indigenous Australians that historically lived in the region) word "gimpi-gimpi" (which means "stinging tree"),[4] which referred to Dendrocnide moroides. The tree has large, round leaves that have similar properties to stinging nettles. The town was previously named Nashville, after James Nash, who discovered gold in the area in 1867.[5] The name was later changed to Gympie in 1868.[6]
History
Originally settled for grazing purposes, the area became prominent when James Nash reported the discovery of 'payable' alluvial gold on 16 October 1867.[7] At the time Queensland was suffering from a severe economic depression and the discovery probably saved the colony from bankruptcy. A memorial fountain was built in Gympie's Park in honour of Nash's discovery.[7] This event is still celebrated today during the Gympie Gold Rush Festival, with 10 days of cultural events held in October.[8] Gold mining still plays a role in the area's fortunes, along with agriculture (dairy predominantly), timber and tourism. The rapid development of the new settlement was so quick that the streets were laid out in an irregular fashion rather than the grid pattern common to most Queensland towns.[9]
A railway from Maryborough was completed in 1881.[9] The North Coast railway linked Gympie to Brisbane in 1891.[9] A fire brigade was in operation in 1900. Gympie was officially declared a town in 1903. In 1953 a powdered milk factory began operations in the town.
Flooding
Significant floods along the Mary River have caused inundations of the town in 1893, 1955, 1968, 1974, 1989, 1992, 1999, 2011[10] and 2013. The first recorded flood in Gympie was in 1870. Most of the floods occur between December and April and are typically caused by heavy rainfall in the headwaters to the south.[11]
The highest flood ever recorded in Gympie occurred on 2 February 1893 when the river peaked at 25.45 m.[11] Gympie was declared a natural disaster area during the 1999 floods.[12] The river peaked at 21.9 m then.
Numerous highways and roads in and around the town which were destroyed or damaged during floods in 2011 will be repaired under Operation Queenslander.[13] This is the name given to post flood reconstruction efforts in Queensland.
In March 2012, the Gympie Regional Council decided to spend about $30,000 for a cost benefit analysis on flood mitigation measures.[14]
Heritage listings
Gympie has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
- Brisbane Road: Monkland State School Residence[15]
- 2 Caledonian Hill: Gympie Town Hall Reserve Complex[16]
- Channon Street: Gympie Court House[17]
- Channon Street: My Country; Old Post Office[18]
- Channon Street: Surface Hill Uniting Church[19]* 26 Channon Street: Gympie Court House and Lands Office (former)[20]
- cnr Channon Street and Nash Streets: Queensland National Bank (former)[21]
- Church Street: St Patricks Church[22]
- 17 Crown Road: Gympie Ambulance Station (former)[23]
- Mary Street: Gympie and Widgee War Memorial Gates[24]
- 199 Mary Street: Royal Bank of Queensland (former)[25]
- 216 Mary Street: Crawford and Co. Building (former)[26]
- 218 Mary Street: Tozer's Building[27]
- 235 Mary Street: Smithfield Chambers[28]
- 236 Mary Street: Australian Joint Stock Bank (former)/Gympie Stock Exchange Offices and Club (former)[29]
- 242 Mary Street: Bank of New South Wales (former)[30]
- 39 Nash Street: Gympie School of Arts[31]
- River Road: Memorial Park, Gympie[32]
- 1 Station Road: Railway Hotel[33]
- Tozer Street: Gympie railway station[34]
Climate
| Climate data for Gympie (1870-2012) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 40.8 (105.4) |
40.5 (104.9) |
38.1 (100.6) |
35.6 (96.1) |
32.8 (91.0) |
28.0 (82.4) |
28.8 (83.8) |
34.3 (93.7) |
37.2 (99.0) |
40.0 (104.0) |
40.5 (104.9) |
42.0 (107.6) |
42.0 (107.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.2 (88.2) |
30.4 (86.7) |
29.3 (84.7) |
27.3 (81.1) |
24.5 (76.1) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.9 (71.4) |
23.3 (73.9) |
26.0 (78.8) |
28.3 (82.9) |
30.2 (86.4) |
31.3 (88.3) |
27.1 (80.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 19.6 (67.3) |
19.6 (67.3) |
18.1 (64.6) |
14.7 (58.5) |
10.8 (51.4) |
7.9 (46.2) |
6.2 (43.2) |
7.0 (44.6) |
10.2 (50.4) |
13.8 (56.8) |
16.4 (61.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.6 (56.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 12.0 (53.6) |
12.3 (54.1) |
9.8 (49.6) |
3.6 (38.5) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
1.3 (34.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
3.5 (38.3) |
10.1 (50.2) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 165.9 (6.53) |
169.1 (6.66) |
144.7 (5.70) |
83.5 (3.29) |
71.6 (2.82) |
61.1 (2.41) |
52.7 (2.07) |
40.4 (1.59) |
45.8 (1.80) |
71.9 (2.83) |
88.3 (3.48) |
137.9 (5.43) |
1,132.9 (44.61) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2mm) | 12.7 | 13.6 | 14.3 | 11.4 | 10.1 | 8.1 | 6.8 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 119 |
| Source: Bureau of Meteorology[35] | |||||||||||||
Attractions
There are many attractions in and around Gympie. The Gympie Gold Mining and Historical Museum houses memorabilia from the early gold mining era, as well as displays showcasing military, rural, transport, communications and steam development in Australia. The WoodWorks Museum provides an insight into the timber industry & social history of yesteryear through displays and demonstrations. Features include a large selection of pioneering handtools, 1925 Republic truck, bullock wagons and blacksmith shop.
The Valley Rattler steam train winds its way through the backyards of the southern side of Gympie and then continues west into the scenic Mary Valley where it crosses and then follows the Mary River to negotiate the valley and the Mary's main tributaries. The tourist train began operations in 1996.[36] It provides a spectacular journey through the valley beginning at the Old Gympie Railway Station in Tozer Street. This station is the original railway station for the track that passed through Gympie in the 1900s gold rush. Unfortunately the 'Rattler' is currently out of commission due to concerns of Track Safety. Local Community, Business and Council people are all working together to find funding for track repair work and formulate plans for the ongoing management and maintenance of the operation.
The Mary Valley has a stunning landscape of rolling green pastures and many beautiful forests. The countryside is spectacular with an abundance of curves, gradients and bridges. Steep slopes portray a patchwork of pineapples, macadamia nuts and other crops. The towns of the Valley include Dagun, a pretty little ten house town and Amamoor which hosts the National Country Music Muster, held annually in August. The Muster is held over six days and nights in the Amamoor Forest Reserve.[37] Featuring 13 venues full of diverse music The Muster is the largest outdoor country music festival in Australia. The Mary Valley Scenic Drive also travels through Kandanga and Imbil.
Gympie's Mary St offers a wide array of bars, cafes, banks and stores with stunning 19th Century Victorian architecture. The historic Railway Hotel was built in 1915 and is listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.[38] In 2011, the Gympie Town Hall Reserve Complex was added to the Queensland Heritage Register.[39] The two storey building was built in 1890 and has a clock tower.
Mothar Mountain Speedway is Gympie's local Raceway which hosts the motorsport Speedway A.K.A Dirt track racing. Mothar Mountain Speedway is promoted by The Gympie Saloon Car Club Ltd.
Gympie also hosts the Heart of Gold International Short Film Festival in March. The festival is five days of fun, inspiration and stimulation. Highlights include short films from all corners of the planet, special features and documentaries, parties, seminars, intimate Q & A sessions with filmmakers and an award Ceremony.
15 minutes south-east of Gympie subtropical rainforest & spectacular rocky creeks make the Mothar Mountain rock pools a popular retreat for locals and visitors. Crystal clear water gently cascades over ancient granite outcrops at Woondum National Park.[40] Facilities include picnic tables, barbecues, firewood, fresh water, amenities and bush walking tracks. Access is by dirt road and requires a four-wheel drive vehicle.[41]
30 minutes drive east of Gympie is Tin Can Bay where you can hand feed rare Indo-Pacific Hump-backed Dolphins in their natural environment. The feeding is regulated for the protection of the dolphins. Tin Can Bay is the Southern access point to the Great Sandy Strait, a stunning aquatic playground protected by World Heritage listed Fraser Island. The Strait is an important ecological area with marine turtles, dolphin pods, dugongs also known as mermaids, migrating Humpback whales and valuable roosting area for migratory birds.
Gympie, Mary Valley, Tin Can Bay, Rainbow Beach and Cooloola are part of the Great Sandy Biosphere which gives world wide recognition of the outstanding natural beauty and high levels of biodiversity in this region.
The alleged Gympie Pyramid is also a minor attraction.
Education
Gympie has many schools, reflecting its importance as a regional service centre. State primary schools include Gympie West, Chatsworth, Monkland, Jones Hill, Gympie Central, Two Mile, One Mile, Gympie East, Gympie South. State secondary schools include James Nash and Gympie State High, which is well known for its music department and sporting facilities. Private schools offer both primary and secondary education. They include Victory College, Cooloola Christian College and St Patrick's[disambiguation needed].[42]
Gympie is home to one campus of the Wide Bay Institute of TAFE located on Cartwright Road.[43]
Transport
Road connection to Gympie is via the Bruce Highway. Rail connects via QR's North Coast railway line, which is served by daily Citytrain services to Brisbane and Traveltrain services for long distances. There are few public buses in Gympie and automobiles are the main mode of transportation.
Gympie Airport is a small local airport located to the south of the town.
Governance
Eight councillors are elected to the Gympie Region local government area.[44]
The Electoral district of Gympie is a safe State Liberal-National seat.[45] It was held by Elisa Roberts a member of the One Nation before Roberts left the party in 2002 to sit as an independent. She was re-elected in 2004 then defeated in 2006. In 2006, David Gibson won the seat as a member of the National Party of Australia. Gibson retained the seat with 60.6% of the vote in 2009 as a Liberal National Party of Queensland member and 53.03% of the 2012 vote.
In 1893, Andrew Fisher was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Queensland as Labor member for Gympie. Fisher was a federationist and went on to become the fifth Prime Minister of Australia.
Traveston Crossing Dam
The Queensland Government had plans to build a dam on the Mary River at Traveston Crossing, about 16 km south of Gympie, arguing that there is sound geology and that the South East Queensland region needed greater water security due to the threat of climate change and population growth.[46] The project was scrapped in 2010.
The proposed dam would have flooded about 900 properties, many of them income-producing farms, including the largest dairy farm in Queensland.[citation needed] The affected land owners and other shire residents staged rallies protesting against the proposed dam. Strong opposition to the dam from the wider and international community based on environmental concerns related to the endangered Mary River cod, Mary River Turtle, Giant Barred Frog, Cascade Tree Frog and Coxen's Fig Parrot and the vulnerable Queensland lungfish, Tusked Frog, Honey Blue-eyed Fish, the Richmond Birdwin Butterfly and the Illidge's Ant-blue Butterfly finally shut down the project.
Notable people from Gympie
- Glen Boss
- Darren Hanlon
- Peter Hanlon
- Thelma Keane
- Sarah Kirby
- James Nash
- Christopher Scott[47]
- Ann Caroline Sherry AO, public servant and businesswoman,
- The Amity Affliction
- Gilbert Harry, of whom's final resting place is Gympie, Gilbert was one of only nine members of the A.I.F. to win the Military Medal and Military Cross and Bar. He is buried in an unmarked grave in the Gympie Anglican Cemetery.[48]
See also
References
- ^ a b "Statistical Local Areas: Gympie". 2011 Census. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
- ^ Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. ISBN 1-876429-14-3
- ^ Khan, M. Ali (2007). Encyclopedia of World Geography. Sarup & Sons. p. 45. ISBN 8176257737. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ "History". Gympie Regional Council. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
- ^ Hon. C. Wallace, Gympie residents have chance to make their mark on the map, 14 January 2008. Accessed 18 April 2009.
- ^ Gympie Fire Station in 1955
- ^ a b Stoodley, June. Nash, James (1834–1913). Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography. Australian National University.
- ^ Golden History of Gympie
- ^ a b c Environmental Protection Agency (Queensland) (2000). Heritage Trails of the Great South East. State of Queensland. pp. 90, 148. ISBN 0-7345-1008-X.
{{cite book}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help) - ^ "Flood Warning System For The Mary River". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
- ^ a b Jannette Parke (6 March 2010). "Mary, Mary quite contrary". The Gympie Times. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
- ^ "Qld flood crisis hits Gympie". weeklytimes.now.com.au. The Weekly Times. 10 January 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
- ^ "Road flood repairs on-going". The Gympie Times. 7 May 2012. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
- ^ "Staying afloat". Sunshine Coast Daily. Sunshine Coast Newspaper Company. 9 March 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
- ^ "Monkland State School Residence". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie Town Hall Reserve Complex". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie Court House". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "My Country; Old Post Office". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Surface Hill Uniting Church". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie Court House and Lands Office (former)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Queensland National Bank (former)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "St Patricks Church". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie Ambulance Station (former)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie and Widgee War Memorial Gates". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Royal Bank of Queensland (former)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Crawford and Co. Building (former)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Tozer's Building". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Smithfield Chambers". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Australian Joint Stock Bank (former)/Gympie Stock Exchange Offices and Club (former)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Bank of New South Wales (former)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie School of Arts". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Memorial Park". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Railway Hotel". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie Railway Station Platform Complex". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ "Gympie". Climate statistics for Australian locations. Bureau of Meteorology. March 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
- ^ "Mary Valley". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
- ^ "Amamoor State Forest and Forest Reserve - Camping information". Department of Environment and Resource Management. 14 October 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
- ^ Lee Gailer (17 January 2012). "Piece of history goes on the block". The Gympie Times. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
- ^ "State heritage listing for Gympie icon". Queensland Heritage Council. 9 September 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
- ^ "Woondum National Park". Department of Environment and Resource Management. 9 June 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
- ^ Alexia Purcell (24 March 2010). "Trip to Mothar Mountain rock pools". Sunshine Coast Daily. Sunshine Coast Newspaper Company. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
- ^ Gympie Regional Council - Schools
- ^ "Gympie". Wide Bay Institute of TAFE. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
- ^ Carly Morrissey (14 May 2012). "Ready for council? My oath". The Gympie Times. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
- ^ "Latest on elections with The Times". The Gympie Times. 3 March 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
- ^ Josephine Gillespie (26 March 2008). "Plan promises no more water woes". The Queensland Times. APN News & Media. Retrieved 19 December 2010.
- ^ "Australians at the 1996 Atlanta Paralympics: Cyclists". Australian Sports Commission.
{{cite web}}:|access-date=requires|url=(help);|archive-url=requires|url=(help); Missing or empty|url=(help) - ^ Connell, W. H., 'Harry, Gilbert (1893–1931)'. Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved on 20 May 2012.
External links
- Gympie Cooloola Tourism
- Gympie Region
- Wide Bay Burnett - The Perfect Place At Your Perfect Pace
- University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Gympie