Movie4k
 | |
Type of site | Video on demand website |
|---|---|
| Available in | German, English, Russian, French, Italian, Turkish, Japanese |
| Revenue | Banner ads |
| URL | movie4k |
| Commercial | Yes |
| Registration | Optional |
Movie4k.to, formerly known as Movie2k.to, is a user-contributed video directory for television programs and films. It is an aggregation-website acting as a search index for online videos. In May 2013, Movie2k.to was shut down by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) due to copyright infringement concerns, but morphed into Movie4k.to shortly after. It primarily serves English and German-speaking areas. However, the site is also no longer accessible in the UK,[1] Denmark,[2] and customers of some ISPs in Austria[3][4][5][6] due to ISPs blocking the site.
History
In 2011, the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) classified Movie2k.to as a "notorious market" for piracy in a letter to the United States House of Representatives. The federal government of the United States had intentions to shut down video directories, such as Movie2k.to; however, some of these proposals were hindered because of their foreign headquarters. Movie2k.to was based in Romania at this time.[7] Two years later, on May 29, 2013, the website was unexpectedly shut down by the MPAA because of a court order. Initial claims asserted that the operators were caught. The website had already been blocked earlier that month in the United Kingdom by major ISPs due to copyright infringement concerns.[8]
Shortly after its closure, there are possibilities that another website, Movie4k.to, would launch. Investigation began when the website was redirected to another page labeled with a short note. The IP address, edited significantly on May 30, 2013 shortly after Movie2k.to's closure, was registered to a server in the British Virgin Islands. It was initially created in 2011, but was never used until 2013.[9] On June 1, 2013, Movie2k.to morphed into Movie4k.to.[10] The developers released a statement regarding the closure of Movie2k.to, on their website. They criticized the laws of piracy, claiming that it does not compare to a violent crime as police make it seem, in their opinion. They also criticized how the act was money driven, saying "[according to current laws] money is way more important than a unique human life." Several people were angered by the initial closure by the MPAA.[11]
Function
The website provides a detailing listing of television programs and films, and aggregates the media content available on the Internet. Movie4k.to does not host any content, and instead acts as a search index for streaming sources. The directory supports user-submitted links by registered editors. It is available in German, English and Russian. Another function of the site is that of a site guide or directory. Movie4k.to contains a comprehensive directory of video websites, mostly on the television and film pages.[12]
References
- ^ "UK Site Blocking Gives Boost to Pirate Linking Sites". 2 January 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
- ^ "Denmark blocks major movie sites, norway prepares pirate bay blockade". 15 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
- ^ Maier, Marco (2 October 2014). "Österreich: kinox.to und movie4k werden gesperrt". Retrieved 20 May 2015.
- ^ Vatu, Gabriela (29 July 2014). "Austrian ISPs Forced to Block The Pirate Bay, Movie4K and Kinox". Retrieved 20 May 2015.
- ^ "Austrian ISPs ordered to block The Pirate Bay". 29 July 2014.
- ^ Aldershoff, Jan Willem (30 July 2014). "Austrian ISPs forced to block The Piratebay and two other pirate sites". Retrieved 20 May 2015.
- ^ Matthews, Laura (June 1, 2013). "Movie2K Down: MPAA Lists Site Among 'Notorious Markets' To Government". International Business Times. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
- ^ "UK ISPs Block Huge Movie Site Movie2K, Proxy Immediately Unblocks". TorrentFreak. May 20, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
- ^ "Movie2K Down: The Mystery and Possible Reincarnation Revealed". TorrentFreak. May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
- ^ Matthews, Laura (June 2, 2013). "Movie2K Is Dead, Long Live Movie4K: Changeover In Streaming Movie-Portal Now Complete". International Business Times. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
- ^ "Public Announcement". Movie4k.to. June 2, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
- ^ "Movie4k.to - Home". Movie4k.to. Retrieved June 2, 2013.