Azeloprazole
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| Drug class | proton pump inhibitor |
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| Formula | C22H27N3O4S |
| Molar mass | 467.625 g/mol g·mol−1 |
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Azeloprazole (also known as Z-215 or E3710) is a drug under investigation for acid-related medical conditions responsive to suppressing the production of stomach acid. It is considered to be a member of the proton pump inhibitor class of medications.
Medical uses
Azeloprazole is an acid suppressing drug being studied for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).[2]
Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Azeloprazole, like other drugs of the proton pump inhibitor class, works by inhibiting the hydrogen potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H+/K+ ATPase) acid pump. The term "proton pump inhibitor" comes from the recognition of hydrogen as a single proton. H+/K+ ATPase pumps, found in parietal cells in the stomach, are ultimately responsible for secreting acid into the lumen of the stomach. By inhibiting the secretion of acid, proton pump inhibitors are considered to be useful in the treatment of "acid-related diseases" (e.g. gastroesophageal reflux disease).[3]
Chemistry
Azeloprazole is considered soluble in DMSO.[4]
History
Azeloprazole, also known by the research identifiers "Z-215" and "E3710," was designed in Japan with pharmacogenomics in mind. Some drugs in the proton pump inhibitor class are metabolized by the hepatic enzyme CYP2C19. Some individuals, such as people of Japanese ancestry, are more likely to be poor CYP2C19 metabolizers; that is, their ability to metabolize certain drugs through CYP2C19 is compromised by a genetic mutation in one or both copies of the CYP2C19 gene that renders the enzyme nonfunctional (or less functional). Azeloprazole was designed to avoid CYP2C19 metabolism entirely, thereby avoiding pharmacogenomic issues with poor CYP2C19 metabolizers.[2]
Azeloprazole was designed by the Japanese pharmaceutical company Eisai Co Ltd.[5]
Society and culture
Legal status
In the United States, proton pump inhibitors are found both over the counter and by prescription.[6] However, azeloprazole is not FDA approved in the United States.[7]
Research
Azeloprazole completed phase II clinical trials for erosive esophagitis in Japan in 2017, and phase II clinical trials for GERD in the United States in 2016.[5]
References
- ^ "Azeloprazole potassium". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ^ a b Toda, Ryoko; Shiramoto, Masanari; Komai, Emi; Yoshii, Kazuyoshi; Hirayama, Masamichi; Kawabata, Yoshihiro (28 November 2017). "Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Azeloprazole Sodium, a Novel Proton Pump Inhibitor, in Healthy Japanese Volunteers". The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. doi:10.1002/jcph.1038.
- ^ Kodama, K.; Fujisaki, H.; Kubota, A.; Kato, H.; Hirota, K.; Kuramochi, H.; Murota, M.; Tabata, Y.; Ueda, M.; Harada, H.; Kawahara, T.; Shinoda, M.; Watanabe, N.; Iida, D.; Terauchi, H.; Yasui, S.; Miyazawa, S.; Nagakawa, J. (19 May 2010). "E3710, a New Proton Pump Inhibitor, with a Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effect on Gastric Acid Secretion". Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 334 (2): 395–401. doi:10.1124/jpet.110.167783.
- ^ "Azeloprazole | E-3710 | Z-215 | CAS#955095-45-1 | 955095-47-3 | GERD | MedKoo". medkoo.com. medkoo.com. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ^ a b "E 3710 - AdisInsight". adisinsight.springer.com. Adis International Ltd. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ^ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and. "Information by Drug Class - Proton Pump Inhibitors Information". www.fda.gov. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
- ^ Katz, Philip O; Gerson, Lauren B; Vela, Marcelo F (19 February 2013). "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 108 (3): 308–328. doi:10.1038/ajg.2012.444.