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Cyclone Nisarga

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Severe Cyclonic Storm Nisarga
Severe cyclonic storm (IMD scale)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Nisarga making landfall on AlibagMaharashtra on 3 June
Formed1 June 2020
Dissipated4 June 2020
Highest winds3-minute sustained: 110 km/h (70 mph)
1-minute sustained: 140 km/h (85 mph)
Lowest pressure984 hPa (mbar); 29.06 inHg
(Estimated at 975 mbar by the JTWC)
Fatalities6 total
Damage$665 million (2020 USD)
Areas affectedIndia (Maharashtra)
Part of the 2020 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

Severe Cyclonic Storm Nisarga was the strongest tropical cyclone to strike the Indian state Maharashtra in the month of June since 1891.[1] It was also the first cyclone to impact Mumbai since Cyclone Phyan of 2009.[2] The third depression and second named cyclone of the annual cyclone season, Nisarga originated as a depression in the Arabian Sea and moved generally northward. On 2 June, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded the system to a cyclonic storm, assigning the name Nisarga. On the next day, Nisarga further intensified to a severe cyclonic storm and turned to the northeast, ultimately making landfall approximately 95 km south of Mumbai.[3] Nisarga rapidly weakened once inland and dissipated on 4 June.

Nisarga was the second cyclone to strike the Indian subcontinent within two weeks time, after Cyclone Amphan, the first super cyclonic storm to have formed in the Bay of Bengal in the 21st century, devastated the state of West Bengal on May 2020.[4][5] Making landfall in Maharashtra with winds of 110 km/h (70 mph), Nisarga became the strongest storm to strike the state in the month of June since 1891. Before Nisarga, only two depressions had struck Maharashtra in the month of June, in 1948 and 1980 respectively.[6][7]

Formation

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On 31 May, an area of low pressure developed over the Eastern Arabian Sea and remained as a well marked low pressure area over the same region till the evening.[8] It strengthened into a depression over east-central and south-east Arabian Sea in the early morning the of 1 June when it was centred about 340 km south-west of Goa, 630 km south-southwest of Mumbai and 850 km south-southwest of Gujarat.[9]

Infrared satellite animation of Nisarga intensifying.
Satellite animation of Nisarga intensifying on 2 June.

Around noon on 2 June, the deep depression intensified into a cyclonic storm and thereby receiving the name Nisarga.[10]

At 12:30 IST (07:00 UTC) 3 June, Nisarga made landfall near the town of Alibag at peak intensity.[11]

Preparations and Impact

On 1 June, Union Home Minister Amit Shah, held a preliminary review meeting with officials of National Disaster Management Authority, National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), India Meteorological Department and the Indian Coast Guard.[12] On the same day, 33 team of NDRF were deployed in the coastal region of both the state.[13] Fishermen from Maharashtra were alerted to return back from the sea.[14]

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, via a tweet on 2 June 2020, updated that he spoke to Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Chief Minister of Gujarat and Administrator of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu while assuring all possible support and assistance from the Central Government.[15] As a precaution, 100,000 people were evacuated ahead of the storm.[16]

Aftermath

Nisarga caused 71 deaths in the state and more than 2300 houses were damaged. Early economic impact was estimated at ₹1,000 crore (US$120 million).[17] Government of Maharashtra estimated the damage cost to be exceeding ₹6,000 crore (US$720 million) by mid of July, from which the state government had requested ₹1,100 (US$13) from the central government.[18][19] In the immediate aftermath, Uddhav Thackeray, Chief Minister of Maharashtra announced a relief packaged of ₹100 crore (US$12 million) for Raigad district during his visit to the cyclone hit district.[20]

The relief activity of the state government was panned for its effectiveness. The slowdown in providing relief was cited due to the peak moment COVID-19 in the state. A month later, 36,000 households electric supply was not restored, mainly due to pandemic followed my torrential monsoon activity early July.[21]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Nisarga, first tropical cyclone since 1891 that may hit Maharashtra coast during June". Hindustan Times. 31 May 2020. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  2. ^ Choudhary, Srishti (2 June 2020). "Cyclone Nisarga: Mumbai braces for severe storm 11 years after 'Phyan'". Livemint. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  3. ^ "Cyclone Nisarga: India's Mumbai escapes worst cyclone in decades". BBC. 3 June 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  4. ^ Ray, Meenakshi (3 June 2020). "From Nisarga to Amphan: How do tropical cyclones form". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  5. ^ "Cyclone Nisarga: Rare storm in decades pounds India's west coast". Al Jazeera. 3 June 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  6. ^ Chatterjee, Badri (31 May 2020). "Nisarga, first tropical cyclone since 1891 that may hit Maharashtra coast during June". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  7. ^ Ray, Anulekha (2 June 2020). "Cyclone Nisarga intensified in Maharashtra: Will hit coastline with high wind speed; flood alert in Mumbai, Thane". Livemint. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  8. ^ Amit Chaturvedi (2 June 2020). "Deep depression in Arabian Sea intensifies into cyclonic storm, IMD officially declares it Cyclone Nisarga". Hindustan Times.
  9. ^ "IMD press release 01-06-2020" (PDF).
  10. ^ "Deep depression in Arabian Sea intensifies into Cyclone Nisarga". Hindustan Times. 2 June 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  11. ^ Chatterjee, Badri; Nandi, Jayashree (4 June 2020). "Cyclone Nisarga makes landfall; a lucky escape for Mumbai". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  12. ^ "Home Minister Amit Shah holds meeting to review preparations to deal with Cyclone Nisarga". Hindustan Times. 1 June 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  13. ^ "nisarga cyclone: 33 teams deployed in Maharashtra, Gujarat in view of 'Nisarga'". The Times of India. 2 June 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  14. ^ "Mumbai, adjoining districts put on alert in view of cyclone Nisarga". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  15. ^ "Cyclone Nisarga: PM Modi Reviews Situation On Western Coast". NDTV.com. Press Trust of India. 2 June 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
  16. ^ "Cyclone Nisarga hits India's west coast | Watch News Videos Online". Global News. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  17. ^ "Maharashtra: Konkan shelters and bunds in Centre's Rs 460 crore cyclone plan | Mumbai News - Times of India". The Times of India. 22 September 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  18. ^ Vishwas Waghmode (18 July 2020). "Maharashtra: State pegs Cyclone Nisarga damages at Rs 6,048 crore". The Indian Express. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  19. ^ Prafulla Marpakwar (18 July 2020). "Rs 6,000 crore cyclone damage, Maharashtra seeks Rs 1,100 crore aid". The Times of India. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  20. ^ "Uddhav Thackeray announces emergency relief of Rs 100 crore to Raigad over Cyclone Nisarga". ThePrint. 5 June 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  21. ^ Assainar Raina (9 July 2020). "Month after cyclone Nisarga, 36,000 houses remain unlit". The Hindu. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
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