Al Aidh Emirate
Emirate of Al Ayed إمارة آل عائض (Arabic) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1833–1919 | |||||||||||||
 | |||||||||||||
 The Emirate of Al Ayed in its beginning years, marked in red | |||||||||||||
 A hand drawn of the borders of the Emirate of Al Ayed in 1856 | |||||||||||||
| Status | Independent Emirate (1833–1919) Annexed into Saudi Arabia | ||||||||||||
| Capital | Abha | ||||||||||||
| Common languages | Arabic | ||||||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||||||
| Demonym(s) | 'Asiri | ||||||||||||
| Government | Emirate | ||||||||||||
| Emir | |||||||||||||
• 1833–1857 (first) | Ayed bin Mar'i al-Yazidi | ||||||||||||
• 1908–1910/1919 (last) | Hasan bin Ali al-Mughaidi | ||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||
• Abdullah bin Rashīd coup | 1833 | ||||||||||||
| 1919 | |||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
| Today part of | Saudi Arabia Yemen | ||||||||||||
The Emirate of Al Ayed (Arabic: إمارة آل عائض) also known as the Al Ayed Emirate of 'Asir or simply the 'Asiri Emirate, was an autonomous and independent Muslim kingdom that arose in 'Asir after the demise of Ali bin Mujathal al-Mughaidi.[1][2][3][4] It coexisted with the nearby Idrisid Emirate of Asir.[1][2][3][4] The Emirate of Al Ayed's territories included Taif, as well as domains in Yemen. Their small wars against the Ottoman Empire led to them being temporarily overtaken by the Ottomans, until they withdrew after losing the First World War.[1][2][3][4] The Emirate finally ended in 1919, and 'Asir itself was then annexed by Ibn Saud into the country of Saudi Arabia.[5]
List of Emirs
- Ayed bin Mar'i al-Yazidi (r. 1833–1857)
- Muhammad bin Ayed (r. 1857–1873)
- Nasser bin Ayed (r. 1873–1875)
- Abdul Rahman bin Ayed (Territory taken over temporarily by the Ottoman Empire)
- Ali bin Muhammad bin Ayed (Territory taken over temporarily by the Ottoman Empire)
- Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Ayed (Last Emir under Ottoman rule before they left in 1908)
- Hasan bin Ali al-Mughaidi (1908–1910/1919)
See also
References
- ^ a b c The History of 'Asir by Hashim bin Sa'id al-Naami, page 23
- ^ a b c The History of Ibn Laboun: The treasury of Najdi history
- ^ a b c Abdullah bin Ali bin Misfar, Siyar al-'Amir al-'Asiri
- ^ a b c Islamic History, Part 8: The Ottoman Era by Mahmoud Shaker
- ^ Bang, Anne K. (1998). The Idrisi state in Asir: 1906 - 1934; politics, religion and personal prestige as statebuilding factors in early twentieth century Arabia. Bergen studies on the Middle East and Africa. London: Hurst. ISBN 978-1-85065-306-6.