Egidius waer bestu bleven: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Famous Middle Dutch song}} |
{{Short description|Famous Middle Dutch song}} |
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{{Italic title}} |
{{Italic title}} |
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The song '''''Egidius waer bestu bleven''''' is an early [[ |
The song '''''Egidius waer bestu bleven''''' (Translation: ''Egidius, where have you gone?'') is an early [[Rondeau (forme fixe)|rondeau]] from [[Dutch literature]] and a famous [[Middelnederlands|Middle Dutch]] song. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The song |
The song was found in the [[Gruuthuse manuscript]], which dates from around 1400 and includes musical notation. It was first published in 1849 by Charles Carton (1802 - 1863), a Belgian catholic priest. In 1966 Klaas Hanzen Heeroma (1909 - 1972), a Dutch poet and linguist, published a new edition of the songs and poems from the Gruuthuse manuscript which reached a broad audience. In 2007 the manuscript was bought from its private owner by the [[Royal Library of the Netherlands]] (Dutch: Koninklijke Bibliotheek) in [[The Hague]]. |
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The song was written in the late 14th century by an unknown author (possibly |
The song was written in the late 14th century by an unknown author (possibly Jan Moritoen, but this is uncertain). Egidius was tentatively identified as Gillis Honin in 2007, who is known to have died suddenly on October 8, 1385. According to Professor [[Frits van Oostrom]], this is the most [[anthology|anthological]] example of a Dutch poem.<ref>Ilse Degryse, ''De waanzinnige 14de eeuw. De tijd vroeg om experimenten'', in: [[Knack (magazine)|Knack]], 27 maart 2013</ref> |
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==Content== |
==Content== |
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''Egidius waer bestu bleven'' is an [[elegy]] or lamentation. It is about the death of a friend called Egidius, a Latinised version of the Flemish name Gillis. The poet envies Egidius because he has ascended to the heavens whilst the poet is still suffering on earth. He begs Egidius to reserve a place next to him in heaven. One of the strong points of the elegy is that it doesn't just mention Egidius but calls out to him, which makes the poem more involved and emotional. |
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''Egidius waer bestu bleven'' is an elegy or lamentation. |
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It is about the death of a friend named Egidius. The poet envies Egidius because he has ascended to the heavens whilst the poet is suffering on earth. They ask Egidius to keep a place next to them in heaven. |
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One of the trumps of the elegy is that it doesn't just concern Egidius but that it is dedicated to them. This only makes the poem more involved and emotional. |
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==Music== |
==Music== |
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The exact |
The exact melody of the song is still unknown. Not only do we not know which words correspond to which notes, musicologists are also not clear how these notes have to be sung. Nevertheless, many interpretations can be found on the web. |
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== Original text |
== Original text with translations == |
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[[File:Gruuthuuse egidiuslied.jpg|thumb|Folio 28r |
[[File:Gruuthuuse egidiuslied.jpg|thumb|Folio 28r of the [[Gruuthuse manuscript]]. Bottom right: the song ''Egidius waer bestu bleven'' with the music notes.]] |
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: Middle Dutch |
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: Modern Dutch |
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: English |
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|1 (A1) |
|1 (A1) |
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: Egidius waer bestu bleven |
: ''Egidius waer bestu bleven'' |
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: Mi lanct na di gheselle mijn |
: ''Mi lanct na di gheselle mijn'' |
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: Du coors die doot du liets mi tleven |
: ''Du coors die doot du liets mi tleven'' |
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: Egidius, waar ben je gebleven? |
: Egidius, waar ben je gebleven? |
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: Ik verlang naar jou, mijn vriend |
: Ik verlang naar jou, mijn vriend |
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: Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven<ref name=noot1>''coors'', |
: Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven<ref name=noot1>''coors'', from ''coren'' (''cueren''): "keuren, proeven, smaken, onderzoeken, beoordelen, kiezen, bepalen, beproeven, ondervinden". The line is interpreted as "Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven" (You chose death, you left life to me). 'Choose' however is more emphatic than the original ''coren'' or ''cueren'', that might be translated here as 'ondervinden' (to experience). (Compare note 3) Another interpretation might be "You chose death" in the sense of "You preferred heaven over the existence on earth"</ref><ref>J. Verdam, ''Middelnederlandsch Handwoordenboek''.</ref> |
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: Egidius, where have you gone? |
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: I long for you, my mate |
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: You chose death, you left me life |
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|2 (B1) |
|2 (B1) |
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: Dat was gheselscap goet ende fijn |
: ''Dat was gheselscap goet ende fijn'' |
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: Het sceen teen moeste ghestorven sijn |
: ''Het sceen teen moeste ghestorven sijn'' |
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: Dat was gezelschap goed en fijn |
: Dat was gezelschap goed en fijn |
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: Het leek dat wij tegelijk zouden sterven<ref> |
: Het leek dat wij tegelijk zouden sterven<ref>This line has an alternative interpretation as: "het scheen één moest sterven" ("apparently one had to die"), omitting the 't-' in front of 'een', meaning .</ref> |
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: Your company was good and nice |
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: It seemed we would die together |
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|3 (A2) |
|3 (A2) |
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: Nu bestu in den troon verheven |
: ''Nu bestu in den troon verheven'' |
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: Claerre dan der zonnen scijn |
: ''Claerre dan der zonnen scijn'' |
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: Alle vruecht es di ghegheven |
: ''Alle vruecht es di ghegheven'' |
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: Nu ben je opgenomen in de hemel |
: Nu ben je opgenomen in de hemel |
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: Stralender dan de zonneschijn |
: Stralender dan de zonneschijn |
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: Alle vreugde is aan jou gegeven |
: Alle vreugde is aan jou gegeven |
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: Now you have been taken up into heaven |
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: More radiant than the sunshine |
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: All joy has been given to you |
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|4 (A1) |
|4 (A1) |
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: Egidius waer bestu bleven |
: ''Egidius waer bestu bleven'' |
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: Mi lanct na di gheselle mijn |
: ''Mi lanct na di gheselle mijn'' |
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: Du coors die doot du liets mi tleven |
: ''Du coors die doot du liets mi tleven'' |
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: Egidius, waar ben je gebleven? |
: Egidius, waar ben je gebleven? |
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: Ik verlang naar jou, mijn vriend |
: Ik verlang naar jou, mijn vriend |
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: Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven<ref name=noot1/> |
: Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven<ref name=noot1/> |
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: Egidius, where have you gone? |
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: I long for you, my mate |
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: You chose death, you left me life |
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|5 (A3) |
|5 (A3) |
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: Nu bidt vor mi ic moet noch sneven |
: ''Nu bidt vor mi ic moet noch sneven'' |
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: Ende in de weerelt liden pijn |
: ''Ende in de weerelt liden pijn'' |
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: Verware mijn stede di beneven |
: ''Verware mijn stede di beneven'' |
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: Nu bid voor mij, ik moet nog ongelukkig zijn |
: Nu bid voor mij, ik moet nog ongelukkig zijn |
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: En in de wereld pijn lijden |
: En in de wereld pijn lijden |
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: Bewaar mijn plaats naast jou |
: Bewaar mijn plaats naast jou |
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: Now pray for me, I have yet to be unhappy |
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: And suffer pain in the world |
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: Reserve my place next to you |
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|6 (B2) |
|6 (B2) |
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: Ic moet noch zinghen een liedekijn |
: ''Ic moet noch zinghen een liedekijn'' |
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: Nochtan moet emmer ghestorven sijn |
: ''Nochtan moet emmer ghestorven sijn'' |
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: Ik moet nog een liedje zingen |
: Ik moet nog een liedje zingen |
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: Toch moet ook ik eens sterven<ref> |
: Toch moet ook ik eens sterven<ref>Or: "toch moet iedereen eens/ooit sterven" (However, everyone has to die sometime).</ref> |
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: I still have to sing a little song |
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: But I too will have to die sometime |
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|7 (A1) |
|7 (A1) |
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: Egidius waer bestu bleven |
: ''Egidius waer bestu bleven'' |
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: Mi lanct na di gheselle mijn |
: ''Mi lanct na di gheselle mijn'' |
||
: Du coors die doot du liets mi tleven |
: ''Du coors die doot du liets mi tleven'' |
||
| |
| |
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: Egidius, waar ben je gebleven? |
: Egidius, waar ben je gebleven? |
||
: Ik verlang naar jou, mijn vriend |
: Ik verlang naar jou, mijn vriend |
||
: Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven |
: Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven |
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: Egidius, where have you gone? |
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: I long for you, my mate |
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: You chose death, you left me life |
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|- |
|- |
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|8 (B1) |
|8 (B1) |
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: Dat was gheselscap goet ende fijn |
: ''Dat was gheselscap goet ende fijn'' |
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: Het sceen teen moeste ghestorven sijn |
: ''Het sceen teen moeste ghestorven sijn'' |
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: Dat was gezelschap goed en fijn |
: Dat was gezelschap goed en fijn |
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: Het leek dat wij tegelijk zouden sterven |
: Het leek dat wij tegelijk zouden sterven |
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: Your company was good and nice |
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: It seemed we would die together |
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|} |
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==Publications== |
==Publications== |
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* C. CARTON (ed.), ''Oud-Vlaemsche liederen en andere gedichten der XIVe en XVe eeuwen'', Gent, C. Annoot-Braeckman, 1849 |
* C. CARTON (ed.), ''Oud-Vlaemsche liederen en andere gedichten der XIVe en XVe eeuwen'', Gent, C. Annoot-Braeckman, 1849 |
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* K. HEEROMA, |
* K. HEEROMA, with C. W. H. LINDENBURG, ''Liederen en gedichten uit het Gruuthusehandschrift'', Leiden, 1966. |
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==Literature== |
==Literature== |
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* Noël GEIRNAERT, ''Op zoek naar Egidius. Het laatmiddeleeuwse Brugge in het Gruuthusehandschrift'', in: Frank WILLAERT (red.), Het Gruuthusehandschrift in woord en klank. Nieuwe inzichten, nieuwe vragen, 2010, Leuven. |
* Noël GEIRNAERT, ''Op zoek naar Egidius. Het laatmiddeleeuwse Brugge in het Gruuthusehandschrift'', in: Frank WILLAERT (red.), Het Gruuthusehandschrift in woord en klank. Nieuwe inzichten, nieuwe vragen, 2010, Leuven. |
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* Paul CLAES, ''De sleutel'', Nijmegen: Vantilt 2014, 16-20 ( |
* Paul CLAES, ''De sleutel'', Nijmegen: Vantilt 2014, 16-20 (new interpetation). |
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== References == |
== References == |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* [http://www.literatuurgeschiedenis.nl/lg/middeleeuwen/tekst/lgme009.html Page about the song] |
* [http://www.literatuurgeschiedenis.nl/lg/middeleeuwen/tekst/lgme009.html Page about the song] at literatuurgeschiedenis.nl |
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* [http://www.kb.nl/themas/middeleeuwen/het-gruuthusehandschrift Koninklijke Bibliotheek: |
* [http://www.kb.nl/themas/middeleeuwen/het-gruuthusehandschrift Royal Library of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninklijke Bibliotheek): the Gruuthuse manuscript.] |
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* [http://www.volksliedjes.overtuin.net/volksliedjes-e.html#egidius |
* [http://www.volksliedjes.overtuin.net/volksliedjes-e.html#egidius Text of 'Egidius' with music (mp3)] |
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{{Wikibooks|Gedichten uit de wereldliteratuur/Egidiuslied}} |
{{Wikibooks|Gedichten uit de wereldliteratuur/Egidiuslied}} |
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Revision as of 22:22, 22 April 2024
The song Egidius waer bestu bleven (Translation: Egidius, where have you gone?) is an early rondeau from Dutch literature and a famous Middle Dutch song.
History
The song was found in the Gruuthuse manuscript, which dates from around 1400 and includes musical notation. It was first published in 1849 by Charles Carton (1802 - 1863), a Belgian catholic priest. In 1966 Klaas Hanzen Heeroma (1909 - 1972), a Dutch poet and linguist, published a new edition of the songs and poems from the Gruuthuse manuscript which reached a broad audience. In 2007 the manuscript was bought from its private owner by the Royal Library of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninklijke Bibliotheek) in The Hague.
The song was written in the late 14th century by an unknown author (possibly Jan Moritoen, but this is uncertain). Egidius was tentatively identified as Gillis Honin in 2007, who is known to have died suddenly on October 8, 1385. According to Professor Frits van Oostrom, this is the most anthological example of a Dutch poem.[1]
Content
Egidius waer bestu bleven is an elegy or lamentation. It is about the death of a friend called Egidius, a Latinised version of the Flemish name Gillis. The poet envies Egidius because he has ascended to the heavens whilst the poet is still suffering on earth. He begs Egidius to reserve a place next to him in heaven. One of the strong points of the elegy is that it doesn't just mention Egidius but calls out to him, which makes the poem more involved and emotional.
Music
The exact melody of the song is still unknown. Not only do we not know which words correspond to which notes, musicologists are also not clear how these notes have to be sung. Nevertheless, many interpretations can be found on the web.
Original text with translations
|
|
| |
1 (A1) |
|
| |
2 (B1) |
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3 (A2) |
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4 (A1) |
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5 (A3) |
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6 (B2) |
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7 (A1) |
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8 (B1) |
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Publications
- C. CARTON (ed.), Oud-Vlaemsche liederen en andere gedichten der XIVe en XVe eeuwen, Gent, C. Annoot-Braeckman, 1849
- K. HEEROMA, with C. W. H. LINDENBURG, Liederen en gedichten uit het Gruuthusehandschrift, Leiden, 1966.
Literature
- Noël GEIRNAERT, Op zoek naar Egidius. Het laatmiddeleeuwse Brugge in het Gruuthusehandschrift, in: Frank WILLAERT (red.), Het Gruuthusehandschrift in woord en klank. Nieuwe inzichten, nieuwe vragen, 2010, Leuven.
- Paul CLAES, De sleutel, Nijmegen: Vantilt 2014, 16-20 (new interpetation).
References
- ^ Ilse Degryse, De waanzinnige 14de eeuw. De tijd vroeg om experimenten, in: Knack, 27 maart 2013
- ^ a b coors, from coren (cueren): "keuren, proeven, smaken, onderzoeken, beoordelen, kiezen, bepalen, beproeven, ondervinden". The line is interpreted as "Jij koos de dood, je liet mij het leven" (You chose death, you left life to me). 'Choose' however is more emphatic than the original coren or cueren, that might be translated here as 'ondervinden' (to experience). (Compare note 3) Another interpretation might be "You chose death" in the sense of "You preferred heaven over the existence on earth"
- ^ J. Verdam, Middelnederlandsch Handwoordenboek.
- ^ This line has an alternative interpretation as: "het scheen één moest sterven" ("apparently one had to die"), omitting the 't-' in front of 'een', meaning .
- ^ Or: "toch moet iedereen eens/ooit sterven" (However, everyone has to die sometime).
External links
- Page about the song at literatuurgeschiedenis.nl
- Royal Library of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninklijke Bibliotheek): the Gruuthuse manuscript.
- Text of 'Egidius' with music (mp3)