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}}{{Chinese|s=大纪元|t=大紀元|p=Dàjìyuán|first=t}}
}}{{Chinese|s=大纪元|t=大紀元|p=Dàjìyuán|first=t}}


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'''''Epoch Times''''' is an anti-communist,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=34vGv_HDGG8C&pg=PA217 |page=217 |title=World Religions in America |editor=Jacob Neusner |publisher=Westminster John Knox Press |year=2007 |last=Ellwood |first=Robert S. |last2=Csikszentmihalyi |first2=Mark A. |chapter=East Asian Religions |isbn=9781611640472 |quote=... the ''Epoch Times'', an anticommunist newspaper connected with the Falun Gong organization...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HAsB54UlQE8C&pg=PR11 |page=xi |last=Sun |first=Wanning |title=Media and the Chinese Diaspora: Community, Communications and Commerce |publisher=Routledge |year=2009 |isbn=9781134263592 |quote=...the ''Epoch Times''&nbsp;– a globally circulated pro-Falun Gong, anti-Communist Chinese-language newspaper...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ul89eeKHLGEC&pg=PA268 |page=268 |title=Places of Memory in Modern China: History, Politics, and Identity |editor=Marc Andre Matten |last=Denton |first=Kirk A. |chapter=Yan'an as a Site of Memory |publisher=Brill |year=2011 |isbn=9789004219014 |series=Leiden Series in Comparative Historiography |volume=5 |quote=An article in the anti-Communist, Falun Gong ''Epoch Times'' claims, without citing any sources, that Zhang's death was the result of an accident involving opium use.}}</ref><ref name="Groot, Stafford 2012">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lm2tdagEnL4C&pg=PA103 |page=103 |title=The Engaging State: South Australia's Engagement with the Asia-Pacific Region |editor=John Spoehr, Purnendra Jain |chapter=China and South Australia |publisher=Wakefield Press |year=2012 |isbn=9781743051573 |last=Groot |first=Gerry |last2=Stafford |first2=Glen |quote=In related vein, another paper with wide distribution but published elsewhere is ''Epoch Times'' (Dajiyuan shibao), the qigong meditation religious group Falun gong mouth-piece, which runs a strong anti-communist line.}}</ref> multi-language, international media company in print and online, headquartered it [[New York City]], where it publishes a daily newspaper. Associated with the [[Falun Gong]] movement, the company was founded in 2000 by a group of Chinese Falun Gong practitioners. It has won awards for its reporting of human rights.<ref name=DJM/><ref name="SPJ2"/><ref name="freelib2"/> ''Epoch Times'' has been called a mouthpiece of Falun Gong.<ref name="Groot, Stafford 2012"/><ref>{{cite book |title=Popular Protest in China |last=Thornton |first=Patricia M. |editor=Kevin J. O'Brien |pages=199–200 |chapter=Manufacturing Dissent in Transnational China |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=9780674041585 |year=2008 |series=Harvard Contemporary China |volume=15}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kpHvCgAAQBAJ&pg=RA2-PA71 |page=71 |editor=Jean-Guy A. Goulet, Liam D. Murphy, Anastasia Panagakos |last=Tong |first=Clement |title=Religious Diversity Today: Experiencing Religion in the Contemporary World |chapter=Western Apocalyptic Narratives in the International Arena |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2015 |isbn=9781440833328 |volume=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KGe7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA197 |page=97 |title=Qiaowu: Extra-Territorial Policies for the Overseas Chinese |author=James Jiann Hua To |publisher=Brill |year=2014 |isbn=9789004272286}}</ref>
'''''Epoch Times''''' is a multi-language, international media company in print and online, headquartered it [[New York City]], where it publishes a daily newspaper. The company was founded in 2000 by a group of Chinese-American Falun Gong practitioners. It has won awards for its reporting of human rights.<ref name="DJM" /><ref name="SPJ2" /><ref name="freelib2" />


The newspaper covers matters of general interest, though it maintains a focus on news about China and human rights issues there, drawing from a network of sources inside China, plus the expertise and contacts of Chinese expatriates living in the West.<ref name="OurStory2">[http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/280126-the-grand-epoch-is-here "The Epoch Times – Our Story: The Grand Epoch Is Here"] theepochtimes.com</ref><ref name="Congressional Research Service2">{{cite web|author = Thomas Lum|url = http://www.usembassy.it/pdf/other/RL33437.pdf|publisher = Congressional Research Service|title = China and Falun Gong|date = August 11, 2006}} <!-- page CRS-8, list of Falun Gong-affiliated media --></ref><ref name="sfgate2">{{Cite news|url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/12/18/MNGGAG8MTA1.DTL&hw=falun+gong&sn=002&sc=447|title = Dissident media linked to Falun Gong / Chinese-language print, broadcast outlets in U.S. are making waves|work = San Francisco Chronicle|date = December 18, 2005|accessdate = December 9, 2006|first = Vanessa|last = Hua}}</ref><ref name="Schworm_Boston_Globe_12_03_20072">{{Cite news|author = Peter Schworm|url = http://www.boston.com/news/world/asia/articles/2007/12/03/chinese_american_activists_decry_chinas_communism/|title = Chinese-American activists decry China's communism|work = The Boston Globe|date = December 3, 2007}}</ref> Its coverage of these issues has earned the paper several awards.<ref name="SPJ2">[http://www.spj.org/sdxa12.asp "2012 Sigma Delta Chi Award Honorees"], The Society of Professional Journalists, spj.org Accessed 8 Dec. 2014</ref><ref name="freelib2">[http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Asian+American+Journalists+Association+Recognizes+Excellence+in+News...-a0135370774 "Asian American Journalists Association Recognizes Excellence in News Coverage"], The Free Library (23 August 2005) Retrieved 28 Apr 2013</ref><ref name="DJM2">[http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/canada/epoch-times-publisher-awarded-diamond-jubilee-medal-302775.html "Epoch Times Publisher Awarded Diamond Jubilee Medal"], ''Epoch Times'' (12 October 2012)</ref> ''Epoch Times'' is widely distributed in overseas Chinese communities.<ref name="AIM2">{{cite web |url = http://www.aim.org/media-monitor/independent-chinese-newspaper-bucks-communists/#|title = Independent Chinese Newspaper Bucks Communists|last1 = Gossett|first1 = Sherrie|date = 15 June 2005|website = aim.org|publisher = Accuracy in Media|accessdate = 19 October 2013}}</ref> Its other language editions maintain their own staff of reporters.
The newspaper covers matters of general interest, though it maintains a focus on news about China and human rights issues there, drawing from a network of sources inside China, plus the expertise and contacts of Chinese expatriates living in the West.<ref name="OurStory2">[http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/280126-the-grand-epoch-is-here "The Epoch Times – Our Story: The Grand Epoch Is Here"] theepochtimes.com</ref><ref name="Congressional Research Service2">{{cite web|author = Thomas Lum|url = http://www.usembassy.it/pdf/other/RL33437.pdf|publisher = Congressional Research Service|title = China and Falun Gong|date = August 11, 2006}} <!-- page CRS-8, list of Falun Gong-affiliated media --></ref><ref name="sfgate2">{{Cite news|url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2005/12/18/MNGGAG8MTA1.DTL&hw=falun+gong&sn=002&sc=447|title = Dissident media linked to Falun Gong / Chinese-language print, broadcast outlets in U.S. are making waves|work = San Francisco Chronicle|date = December 18, 2005|accessdate = December 9, 2006|first = Vanessa|last = Hua}}</ref><ref name="Schworm_Boston_Globe_12_03_20072">{{Cite news|author = Peter Schworm|url = http://www.boston.com/news/world/asia/articles/2007/12/03/chinese_american_activists_decry_chinas_communism/|title = Chinese-American activists decry China's communism|work = The Boston Globe|date = December 3, 2007}}</ref> Its coverage of these issues has earned the paper several awards.<ref name="SPJ2">[http://www.spj.org/sdxa12.asp "2012 Sigma Delta Chi Award Honorees"], The Society of Professional Journalists, spj.org Accessed 8 Dec. 2014</ref><ref name="freelib2">[http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Asian+American+Journalists+Association+Recognizes+Excellence+in+News...-a0135370774 "Asian American Journalists Association Recognizes Excellence in News Coverage"], The Free Library (23 August 2005) Retrieved 28 Apr 2013</ref><ref name="DJM2">[http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/canada/epoch-times-publisher-awarded-diamond-jubilee-medal-302775.html "Epoch Times Publisher Awarded Diamond Jubilee Medal"], ''Epoch Times'' (12 October 2012)</ref> ''Epoch Times'' is widely distributed in overseas Chinese communities.<ref name="AIM2">{{cite web |url = http://www.aim.org/media-monitor/independent-chinese-newspaper-bucks-communists/#|title = Independent Chinese Newspaper Bucks Communists|last1 = Gossett|first1 = Sherrie|date = 15 June 2005|website = aim.org|publisher = Accuracy in Media|accessdate = 19 October 2013}}</ref> Its other language editions maintain their own staff of reporters.
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Canadian media reported that the parliamentary press office made deliberate arrangements in relation to Hu's public appearances limiting Epoch Times{{'}} access to the [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China]], even though the newspaper is an accredited member of the Canadian Parliamentary Press Gallery.<ref name=star/> The paper carried an exclusive interview with outspoken Canadian Member of Parliament [[Rob Anders]], wherein Anders alleged that the Chinese government used gifts and business deals in attempts to influence Canadian political decisions.<ref name='Secrecy'>{{cite news |first=Norma |last=Greenaway |title=Liberals decry secrecy around CSIS report |date=August 3, 2010 |url=http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Liberals+decry+secrecy+around+CSIS+report/3355144/story.html |work=Vancouver Sun |accessdate=2012-05-25 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20100805081220/http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Liberals+decry+secrecy+around+CSIS+report/3355144/story.html |archivedate=2010-08-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vancourier.com/Chinese+Canadian+leader+laments+agency+allegations/3337835/story.html |title=Chinese-Canadian leader laments spy agency allegations |publisher=[[Vancourier.com]] |date=July 29, 2010 |accessdate=2012-05-25}}</ref>
Canadian media reported that the parliamentary press office made deliberate arrangements in relation to Hu's public appearances limiting Epoch Times{{'}} access to the [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of China]], even though the newspaper is an accredited member of the Canadian Parliamentary Press Gallery.<ref name=star/> The paper carried an exclusive interview with outspoken Canadian Member of Parliament [[Rob Anders]], wherein Anders alleged that the Chinese government used gifts and business deals in attempts to influence Canadian political decisions.<ref name='Secrecy'>{{cite news |first=Norma |last=Greenaway |title=Liberals decry secrecy around CSIS report |date=August 3, 2010 |url=http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Liberals+decry+secrecy+around+CSIS+report/3355144/story.html |work=Vancouver Sun |accessdate=2012-05-25 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20100805081220/http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Liberals+decry+secrecy+around+CSIS+report/3355144/story.html |archivedate=2010-08-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vancourier.com/Chinese+Canadian+leader+laments+agency+allegations/3337835/story.html |title=Chinese-Canadian leader laments spy agency allegations |publisher=[[Vancourier.com]] |date=July 29, 2010 |accessdate=2012-05-25}}</ref>


==Political ties==
==Various Views on Editorial Stance==
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''Epoch Times'' and its parent company Epoch Media Group have close ties to the [[Falun Gong]], although it has attempted to hide this association from public view. Tax records show that the chairman of the board of directors of Epoch Times is a top spokesperson for the Falun Gong, Kangang Xu. Another top Falun Gong spokesperson, Gail Rachlin, is one of the three directors of [[New Tang Dynasty Television]]. <ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.religionnewsblog.com/17386/epoch-times|title = Paper denies representing Falun Gong|publisher = Religionnewsblog.com|date = |accessdate = 6 March 2014}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/05/AR2007020500185_pf.html|title = Paper denies representing Falun Gong|publisher = Washington Post|date = |accessdate = 4 December 2015}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB108190438992282143|title = Falun Gong Fields Media Weapons|publisher = wsj.com|date = |accessdate = 3 December 2015}}</ref> David Ownby, director of the Center for East Asian Studies at the [[Université de Montréal]] and the author of ''Falun Gong and the Future of China'' describes ''Epoch Times'' as wishing to be taken seriously as a global newspaper rather than being judged on the basis of its strong association with the Falun Gong.<ref name="Ownby 2008 p.223">{{cite book |last=Ownby |first=David |title=Falun Gong and the Future of China |year=2008 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Bwqkwx4SWS0C&pg=PA222&lpg=PA222 |page=223 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199716371}}</ref><ref name="Ownby 2008 p.8">{{cite book |last=Ownby |first=David |title=Falun Gong and the Future of China |year=2008 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Bwqkwx4SWS0C&pg=PA222&lpg=PA222 |page=8 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199716371}}</ref> "''Epoch Times'' is a newspaper with a mission," he wrote "that of reporting on issues bearing on human rights throughout the world, which allows for considerable focus on China and Falun Gong."<ref name="DO2">Ownby 2008, p. 221.</ref>
On April 2004, The Wall Street Journal said, in the David-and-Goliath-style struggle between the Falun Gong spiritual movement and China's government, Falun Gong is fielding two new weapons: a small New York-based, Chinese-language television production company -- [[New Tang Dynasty Television]] (NTDTV) -- and the Epoch Times, a New Jersey-registered Chinese-language newspaper. <ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB108190438992282143|title = Falun Gong Fields Media Weapons|publisher = wsj.com|date = |accessdate = 3 December 2015}}</ref>


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The paper counters what it considers to be CCP propaganda through its own opinion pieces and reporting. The newspaper covers causes and groups opposed to the CCP, including Falun Gong, dissidents, activists, and supporters of the [[Tibetan government-in-exile]]. The paper's reports on China are critical of the PRC government. The paper reports on Falun Gong-related news, including the group's attempt to sue former Chinese leader [[Jiang Zemin]] under civil legislation for [[genocide]], when most other overseas Chinese-language newspapers do not cover such news. In 2005, the ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' reported that "three new U.S-based, Chinese-language media outlets that provide provocative reporting about the Communist Party, government oppression and social unrest in China [namely Epoch Times, Sound of Hope, and NTDTV] have ties to the Falun Gong spiritual movement." When interviewed, executives at each outlet said they did not represent the Falun Gong movement as a whole.<ref name="sfgate2"/>
In the February 2007 interview with The Associated Press' Nahal Toosi, the English Epoch Times chair Stephen Gregory said: "It's not a Falun Gong newspaper. Falun Gong is a question of an individual's belief. The paper's not owned by Falun Gong, it doesn't speak for Falun Gong, it doesn't represent Falun Gong. It does cover the persecution of Falun Gong in China."<ref name=thepost>{{cite web|url = http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/05/AR2007020500185_pf.html|title = Paper denies representing Falun Gong|publisher = Washington Post|date = |accessdate = 4 December 2015}}</ref>Nahal believed to say [[Falun Gong]] "owns" Epochtimes can be technically inaccurate, while many Epoch Times staffers, including Gregory, are Falun Gong practitionrs.<ref name=thepost />


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Epoch Times also runs mainstream newswire stories and in some places can resemble a community newspaper.<ref name=waves>Eugenia Chien, [http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html?article_id=6ce9872ebb88b3aaa3ff48b6c1ffc19a "Falun Gong-Linked Media Venture Makes Waves, Raises Questions"] ''New America Media'', News Analysis, May 16, 2006</ref> Zhao said, "While mainstream newspaper typically treat Web versions as an extension of the already-existing print version, Epoch Times website serves as the master for all its worldwide papers."<ref name="zhao">Zhao, Yuezhi, "Falun Gong, Identity, and the Struggle over Meaning Inside and Outside China", pp 209–223 in ''Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World'', edited by Nick Couldry and James Curran (Rowman & Littlefield, 2003)</ref>
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In 2008, David Ownby, director of the Center for East Asian Studies at the [[Université de Montréal]] and the author of ''Falun Gong and the Future of China'' said the newspaper is set up by Falun Gong practitioners with their own money.<ref name="Ownby 2008 p.223" />. He describes ''Epoch Times'' as wishing to be taken seriously as a global newspaper rather than being judged on the basis of its strong association with the Falun Gong.<ref name="Ownby 2008 p.223">{{cite book |last=Ownby |first=David |title=Falun Gong and the Future of China |year=2008 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Bwqkwx4SWS0C&pg=PA222&lpg=PA222 |page=223 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199716371}}</ref><ref name="Ownby 2008 p.8">{{cite book |last=Ownby |first=David |title=Falun Gong and the Future of China |year=2008 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Bwqkwx4SWS0C&pg=PA222&lpg=PA222 |page=8 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199716371}}</ref> "''Epoch Times'' is a newspaper with a mission," he wrote "that of reporting on issues bearing on human rights throughout the world, which allows for considerable focus on China and Falun Gong."<ref name="DO2">Ownby 2008, p. 221.</ref>


According to Ming Xia, political science professor at the [[College of Staten Island]], ''Epoch Times'' represents part of Falun Gong's effort to expand to non-practitioners, and "is part of the Falun Gong strategy to embed itself into the large civil society for influence and legitimacy".<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.religionnewsblog.com/17386/epoch-times|title = Paper denies representing Falun Gong|publisher = Religionnewsblog.com|date = |accessdate = 6 March 2014}}</ref>
⚫
The newspaper counters what it considers to be CCP propaganda through its own opinion pieces and reporting. The newspaper covers causes and groups opposed to the CCP, including Falun Gong, dissidents, activists, and supporters of the [[Tibetan government-in-exile]]. The paper's reports on China are critical of the PRC government. The paper reports on Falun Gong-related news, including the group's attempt to sue former Chinese leader [[Jiang Zemin]] under civil legislation for [[genocide]], when most other overseas Chinese-language newspapers do not cover such news. In 2005, the ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' reported that "three new U.S-based, Chinese-language media outlets that provide provocative reporting about the Communist Party, government oppression and social unrest in China [namely Epoch Times, Sound of Hope, and NTDTV] have ties to the Falun Gong spiritual movement." When interviewed, executives at each outlet said they did not represent the Falun Gong movement as a whole.<ref name="sfgate2"/>

⚫
Epoch Times also runs mainstream newswire stories and in some places can resemble a community newspaper.<ref name=waves>Eugenia Chien, [http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html?article_id=6ce9872ebb88b3aaa3ff48b6c1ffc19a "Falun Gong-Linked Media Venture Makes Waves, Raises Questions"] ''New America Media'', News Analysis, May 16, 2006</ref> Zhao said, "While mainstream newspaper typically treat Web versions as an extension of the already-existing print version, Epoch Times website serves as the master for all its worldwide papers."<ref name="zhao">Zhao, Yuezhi, "Falun Gong, Identity, and the Struggle over Meaning Inside and Outside China", pp 209–223 in ''Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World'', edited by Nick Couldry and James Curran (Rowman & Littlefield, 2003)</ref>


While many individuals involved in the production of the newspaper practice Falun Gong, according to Zhao Yuezhi, the media seeks to present itself as "public interest-oriented" and "independent of any political and business groups ... objectively and fairly reporting facts and truth". Its reporting on Chinese affairs often highlights negative news about the Chinese government and coverage of Falun Gong in a sympathetic light. In this view, the paper articulates Falun Gong's views on a range of issues, and may be part of a ''de facto'' media alliance with democracy activists in exile.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=yRVtAAAAQBAJ|publisher = Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|date = 2003-09-22|isbn = 9780742575202|first = Nick|last = Couldry|first2 = James|last2 = Curran}}</ref>
While many individuals involved in the production of the newspaper practice Falun Gong, according to Zhao Yuezhi, the media seeks to present itself as "public interest-oriented" and "independent of any political and business groups ... objectively and fairly reporting facts and truth". Its reporting on Chinese affairs often highlights negative news about the Chinese government and coverage of Falun Gong in a sympathetic light. In this view, the paper articulates Falun Gong's views on a range of issues, and may be part of a ''de facto'' media alliance with democracy activists in exile.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=yRVtAAAAQBAJ|publisher = Rowman & Littlefield Publishers|date = 2003-09-22|isbn = 9780742575202|first = Nick|last = Couldry|first2 = James|last2 = Curran}}</ref>

⚫
Partly for its stance on the Chinese Communist Party, ''Epoch Times'' was called anti-communist and a "mouthpiece" of Falun Gong.<ref name="Groot, Stafford 2012" /><ref>{{cite book |title=Popular Protest in China |last=Thornton |first=Patricia M. |editor=Kevin J. O'Brien |pages=199–200 |chapter=Manufacturing Dissent in Transnational China |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=9780674041585 |year=2008 |series=Harvard Contemporary China |volume=15}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kpHvCgAAQBAJ&pg=RA2-PA71 |page=71 |editor=Jean-Guy A. Goulet, Liam D. Murphy, Anastasia Panagakos |last=Tong |first=Clement |title=Religious Diversity Today: Experiencing Religion in the Contemporary World |chapter=Western Apocalyptic Narratives in the International Arena |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2015 |isbn=9781440833328 |volume=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KGe7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA197 |page=97 |title=Qiaowu: Extra-Territorial Policies for the Overseas Chinese |author=James Jiann Hua To |publisher=Brill |year=2014 |isbn=9789004272286}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=34vGv_HDGG8C&pg=PA217 |page=217 |title=World Religions in America |editor=Jacob Neusner |publisher=Westminster John Knox Press |year=2007 |last=Ellwood |first=Robert S. |last2=Csikszentmihalyi |first2=Mark A. |chapter=East Asian Religions |isbn=9781611640472 |quote=... the ''Epoch Times'', an anticommunist newspaper connected with the Falun Gong organization...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HAsB54UlQE8C&pg=PR11 |page=xi |last=Sun |first=Wanning |title=Media and the Chinese Diaspora: Community, Communications and Commerce |publisher=Routledge |year=2009 |isbn=9781134263592 |quote=...the ''Epoch Times''&nbsp;– a globally circulated pro-Falun Gong, anti-Communist Chinese-language newspaper...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ul89eeKHLGEC&pg=PA268 |page=268 |title=Places of Memory in Modern China: History, Politics, and Identity |editor=Marc Andre Matten |last=Denton |first=Kirk A. |chapter=Yan'an as a Site of Memory |publisher=Brill |year=2011 |isbn=9789004219014 |series=Leiden Series in Comparative Historiography |volume=5 |quote=An article in the anti-Communist, Falun Gong ''Epoch Times'' claims, without citing any sources, that Zhang's death was the result of an accident involving opium use.}}</ref><ref name="Groot, Stafford 2012">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lm2tdagEnL4C&pg=PA103 |page=103 |title=The Engaging State: South Australia's Engagement with the Asia-Pacific Region |editor=John Spoehr, Purnendra Jain |chapter=China and South Australia |publisher=Wakefield Press |year=2012 |isbn=9781743051573 |last=Groot |first=Gerry |last2=Stafford |first2=Glen |quote=In related vein, another paper with wide distribution but published elsewhere is ''Epoch Times'' (Dajiyuan shibao), the qigong meditation religious group Falun gong mouth-piece, which runs a strong anti-communist line.}}</ref>

In some cases ''Epoch Times'' operates in a hostile overseas environment, in which "overseas Chinese media companies choosing to remain independent or publish non-approved content become the targets of an aggressive campaign of elimination or control." In one instance Chinese diplomatic officials made threats against media for reporting Falun Gong-related content; in other cases, advertisers have been regularly threatened not to support ''Epoch Times'' in any way. Communist Party authorities have also been accused of resorting to "militant methods" against the newspaper and its staff members, including, it is alleged, of attacking staff and destroying computer equipment.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Qiaowu: Extra-Territorial Policies for the Overseas Chinese|last = To|first = James Jiann Hua|publisher = BRILL|year = 2014|isbn = 9789004272286|location = |pages = 180}}</ref>

The newspaper reported that in 2005 the Communist Party "exerted hard and soft pressure" on printing houses in Hong Kong, forcing the paper to stop printing, after it reported on Tibet, human rights, Falun Gong, and was the first media to break the story on SARS.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Taiwan: The Threatened Democracy|last = Herschensohn|first = Bruce|publisher = WND Books|year = 2006|isbn = 9780977898428|location = |pages = 99}}</ref> The newspaper was also briefly banned from Malaysia after coming under reported pressure by the Chinese Communist Party.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Media and the Chinese Diaspora: Community, Communications and Commerce|last = Sun|first = Wanning|publisher = Routledge|year = 2009|isbn = 1134263597|location = |pages = xi}}</ref>


==Nine commentaries on the Communist Party==
==Nine commentaries on the Communist Party==

Revision as of 19:16, 5 December 2015

Epoch Times
File:The Epoch Times front page, October 10, 2013.jpg
Front page of New York edition 10-10-2013
TypeInternational newspaper
FormatBroadsheet
Owner(s)Epoch Media Group
Founded2000
LanguageMultiple, mainly Chinese and English
HeadquartersNew York City, U.S.
Circulation1,314,375 (2012, unaudited)[1]
Websitewww.theepochtimes.com
The Epoch Times
Traditional Chinese大紀元
Simplified Chinese大纪元

Epoch Times is an anti-communist,[2][3][4][5] multi-language, international media company in print and online, headquartered it New York City, where it publishes a daily newspaper. Associated with the Falun Gong movement, the company was founded in 2000 by a group of Chinese Falun Gong practitioners. It has won awards for its reporting of human rights.[6][7][8] Epoch Times has been called a mouthpiece of Falun Gong.[5][9][10][11]

The newspaper covers matters of general interest, though it maintains a focus on news about China and human rights issues there, drawing from a network of sources inside China, plus the expertise and contacts of Chinese expatriates living in the West.[12][13][14][15] Its coverage of these issues has earned the paper several awards.[7][8][16] Epoch Times is widely distributed in overseas Chinese communities.[17] Its other language editions maintain their own staff of reporters.

The newspaper has been publishing in Chinese since May 2000. It is either sold or distributed free-of-charge in 35 countries, with editions in English, Chinese and nine other languages in print,[18] and 21 languages on the internet.[19] A typical issue includes sections for world and national news, opinion pieces, sports, entertainment, business, arts and culture, travel, health and automobiles.[20] Epoch Times websites are blocked in China.[17]

History

Epoch Times was started in 2000 by John Tang and a group of Chinese Americans; the founders say they were responding to censorship inside China and a lack of understanding internationally about Chinese repression of the Falun Gong.[21][22] In May 2000, the paper was first published in the Chinese language in New York, with the web launch in August 2000.[23]

In 2003, Epoch Times website and Epoch Times group of newspapers had grown into one of the largest Chinese-language news websites and newspaper groups outside China in the past two years, with local editions in the U.S., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Indonesia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and major Western European countries.[24]

The first English edition launched online in 2003, followed by the New York print edition in 2004.[23]

In 2000, 10 Epoch Times correspondents were imprisoned in China, but current staff of the Chinese-language edition work in Hong Kong.[25]

In 2011 Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada wrote, "since its launch in Canada in 2000, Epoch Times has become a popular source of information on issues and events of interest to the Chinese-Canadian community... With local editions published in Toronto, Vancouver, Montréal, Ottawa and Calgary/Edmonton, Epoch Times is today the largest daily newspaper of its kind in the country."[26]

Distribution

As of February 2012, 67 Epoch Times newspaper editions are published in print in 5 continents.[1] They are available in 11 languages and have a distribution of 1,315,000 copies in 35 countries.[23] Distribution varies from daily to monthly.

Epoch Times is available in 21 languages[19] on the internet. In Chinese there are websites for Hong Kong, Taiwan and Australia as well as the main Chinese website. Epoch Times receives 105 million page views per month from 20 million visitors.[27]

Reporters cover stories that pertain to their own areas, contributing to a pool of articles for the different editions to share.

Launch dates and summaries

Language[19] Summary[28][29]
English The English language edition of Epoch Times started in September 2003 as a website, and went to print in New York in August 2004. It is now published in the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Singapore and Malaysia.
Chinese The oldest of Epoch Times editions, the Chinese paper has been in operation from May 2000, with the web launch in August 2000. The Chinese Epoch Times (Dajiyuan) is now the single largest Chinese language newspaper in the world, covering 35 countries across North and South America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand and Asia.
French The French edition launched as a website in January 2005, and went into print shortly after. La Grande Époque can now be found in France, Canada (Montreal, Quebec province) and Switzerland.
Spanish The Spanish website of La Gran Epoca launched in early 2005. Circulation of the print edition began in Argentina one week before the website went live.
German The German website of Epoch Times Deutschland launched in late 2004. It is now printed in Germany and a few neighboring countries as Die Neue Epoche.
Russian The Russian language edition started in December 2004 as a website, and later it went to print in St. Petersburg. The Russian newspaper is now distributed all over Russia.
Ukrainian The Ukrainian website of Велика Епоха (or Epoch Times) launched in May 2005. In March 2006, the Russian edition (www.EpochTimes.com.ua/ru/) of the Ukrainian site was launched for the Ukrainians who speak Russian.
Bulgarian The Bulgarian edition started in mid-February 2005, with a Bulgarian version of the "Nine Commentaries".
Hebrew The Hebrew edition started in December 2005. It is printed weekly and is mainly distributed in Tel Aviv.
Slovak The Slovak edition started on 1 March 2006.
Czech The Czech edition started on 6 October 2006.
Turkish The Turkish edition started on 9 June 2011.
Portuguese The Portuguese edition of started on 18 April 2012. The core team is based in Brazil, with a satellite office in Portugal.
Italian The Italian language edition website launched in December 2012.
Persian The Persian edition launched on 12 January 2013. This edition serves those speaking Persian in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and other countries.

Other languages

1

Coverage and focus

New York edition

Epoch Times' flagship New York edition is typically around 50 pages, divided into four sections.[30] Section "A" is primarily devoted to current events, with several pages devoted to China issues and politics. Section A also includes opinion pages, sports, science & technology, business and real estate.

Section "B" is Arts & Culture—covering classical art forms, exhibits and events. Section B also includes Style and an "Essence of China" page devoted to traditional Chinese culture, stories, and art forms. Section "C" focuses on health and fitness featuring mainstream medical science, alternative and Chinese medical treatments. Section "D" is Food which focuses on cooking and local restaurants.[30]

Other English editions

Outside of New York, other English editions typically take the form of a 16–24-page broadsheet. The content is a shorter version of the New York edition, with a focus on each edition's local region.[18]

Chinese edition

According to Epoch Times, The Chinese Epoch Times (Dajiyuan) is the largest and most widely distributed Chinese language newspaper in the world, covering 35 countries. Print editions range from 30 to 80 pages. A typical print edition includes sections on local & national news, China, world, health, science, autos, real estate, arts & culture, style, home, food, dining and special sections covering traditional Chinese culture & values.[31]

According to the Canadian Circulations Audit Board, Epoch Times is the first and only Chinese-language daily newspaper in Canada to complete a circulation audit.[32][33][34]

Notable coverage

Organ harvesting allegation

Further information: Persecution of Falun Gong § Organ harvesting

In March 2006, Epoch Times published the allegations of three Chinese individuals who said that thousands of Falun Gong practitioners had been killed to supply China's organ transplant industry,[35][36][37] including a doctor, said who said there were 36 concentration camps all over China.[37] Kilgour-Matas report[38] stated "the source of 41,500 transplants for the six year period 2000 to 2005 is unexplained" and "we believe that there has been and continues today to be large scale organ seizures from unwilling Falun Gong practitioners".[38] Appendix 16 of the revised report refuted Harry Wu's negative comments.[38]

In 2008, two United Nations Special Rapporteurs reiterated their requests for "the Chinese government to fully explain the allegation of taking vital organs from Falun Gong practitioners and the source of organs for the sudden increase in organ transplants that has been going on in China since the year 2000".[39] The Chinese government has consistently denied the allegations. The parliaments of Canada and the European Union, Taiwan, as well as the Foreign Affairs Subcommittee of the U.S. House of Representatives, have adopted resolutions condemning organ harvesting from Falun Gong prisoners of conscience.

Others

During the 2009 New York City Comptroller elections, Epoch Times alleged that Taiwan-born Democratic nominee John Liu is part of a "United Front" by the Chinese Communist Party to infiltrate the United States and subvert its government, democracy, and human rights in general.[40] The newspaper alleged that "the CCP works tenaciously and systematically to place its people [...] in key positions in corporations, academia, and government in the United States and other countries."[41] Epoch Times also published an 8-page "special edition", and also featured on its website a section focused on coverage of Liu's reported ties with CCP officials.[42]

During Hu Jintao's visit to Canada in June 2010, the Toronto Star noted that Epoch Times had published several "hard-hitting" critical stories on Hu's visit, such as allegations of the local Chinese embassy's orchestration of welcome parades, as well as an alleged recording of a speech by the first secretary of education Liu Shaohua, in which Liu stated that embassy would provide accommodation and transport for over 3,000 participants in the welcome parade.[43]

Canadian media reported that the parliamentary press office made deliberate arrangements in relation to Hu's public appearances limiting Epoch Times' access to the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, even though the newspaper is an accredited member of the Canadian Parliamentary Press Gallery.[43] The paper carried an exclusive interview with outspoken Canadian Member of Parliament Rob Anders, wherein Anders alleged that the Chinese government used gifts and business deals in attempts to influence Canadian political decisions.[44][45]

Political ties

Epoch Times and its parent company Epoch Media Group have close ties to the Falun Gong, although it has attempted to hide this association from public view. Tax records show that the chairman of the board of directors of Epoch Times is a top spokesperson for the Falun Gong, Kangang Xu. Another top Falun Gong spokesperson, Gail Rachlin, is one of the three directors of New Tang Dynasty Television. [46] [47] [48] David Ownby, director of the Center for East Asian Studies at the Université de Montréal and the author of Falun Gong and the Future of China describes Epoch Times as wishing to be taken seriously as a global newspaper rather than being judged on the basis of its strong association with the Falun Gong.[49][50] "Epoch Times is a newspaper with a mission," he wrote "that of reporting on issues bearing on human rights throughout the world, which allows for considerable focus on China and Falun Gong."[51]

The paper counters what it considers to be CCP propaganda through its own opinion pieces and reporting. The newspaper covers causes and groups opposed to the CCP, including Falun Gong, dissidents, activists, and supporters of the Tibetan government-in-exile. The paper's reports on China are critical of the PRC government. The paper reports on Falun Gong-related news, including the group's attempt to sue former Chinese leader Jiang Zemin under civil legislation for genocide, when most other overseas Chinese-language newspapers do not cover such news. In 2005, the San Francisco Chronicle reported that "three new U.S-based, Chinese-language media outlets that provide provocative reporting about the Communist Party, government oppression and social unrest in China [namely Epoch Times, Sound of Hope, and NTDTV] have ties to the Falun Gong spiritual movement." When interviewed, executives at each outlet said they did not represent the Falun Gong movement as a whole.[14]

Epoch Times also runs mainstream newswire stories and in some places can resemble a community newspaper.[52] Zhao said, "While mainstream newspaper typically treat Web versions as an extension of the already-existing print version, Epoch Times website serves as the master for all its worldwide papers."[24]

According to Ming Xia, political science professor at the College of Staten Island, Epoch Times represents part of Falun Gong's effort to expand to non-practitioners, and "is part of the Falun Gong strategy to embed itself into the large civil society for influence and legitimacy".[53]

While many individuals involved in the production of the newspaper practice Falun Gong, according to Zhao Yuezhi, the media seeks to present itself as "public interest-oriented" and "independent of any political and business groups ... objectively and fairly reporting facts and truth". Its reporting on Chinese affairs often highlights negative news about the Chinese government and coverage of Falun Gong in a sympathetic light. In this view, the paper articulates Falun Gong's views on a range of issues, and may be part of a de facto media alliance with democracy activists in exile.[54]

Nine commentaries on the Communist Party

Main article: Tuidang movement

Since November 2004, the Chinese version of Epoch Times has published and promoted a series of editorials and a booklet titled "Nine Commentaries on the Communist Party"[55] (traditional Chinese: 九評共產黨; simplified Chinese: 九评共产党). The editorials expose the CCP's often violent political campaigns through its history, from its ascent to power under Mao Zedong to its present-day form. The CCP was criticized as an illegitimate institution which used underhanded tactics to gain power. The commentaries allege that the CCP "destroyed traditional Chinese culture" and brands the CCP an "evil cult".[56] According to Ownby, the Commentaries are a condemnation of Communism and direct indictment on the legitimacy of the Chinese Communist Party in ruling China. While acknowledging the "unnecessary violence" the Chinese Communist Party has inflicted, as a professional historian Ownby finds that the lack of balance and nuance in tone and style makes the editorial resemble "anti-Communist propaganda written in Taiwan in the 1950s."[51] The commentaries won an award in 2005.[8][57]

The Nine Commentaries have been translated into more than 30 other languages[55] and released as a DVD.[58] The Nine Commentaries have been credited by the newspaper and prominent leaders of the expatriate Chinese community, with sparking an exodus from the CCP and its affiliated organizations.[59]

Epoch Times website hosts a "CCP Renunciations" service, encouraging Chinese to quit the CCP and related organizations.[60]

The number of people who have resigned from the Communist Party of China or its affiliate organizations, is published in Chinese editions of the newspaper. The counter stood at over 190 million on 16 January 2015.[61]

Awards and achievements

Epoch Times global media company has been the recipient of several awards:

  • 2005 National Ethnic Press & Media Council Award – Epoch Times was given this annual award for being "a strong defender for human rights and democratic values." The paper was also acknowledged for being the first to report on the coverup of the SARS virus by Chinese authorities in China.[62]
  • 2005 Asian American Journalists Association National Award – Epoch Times was awarded for "excellence in coverage of Asian American Issues" for its editorial series, Nine Commentaries on the Communist Party. According to the newspaper itself, The "Nine Commentaries" prompted millions of Chinese people to quit the Communist Party because it provided "the first in-depth look at the true nature and history of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)."[8]
  • 2005 International Society for Human Rights Award – In May 2005, Die Neue Epoche, the German-language edition of Epoch Times, received a special media prize from the International Society for Human Rights (IGFM) for "extensive and regular reporting about violations of human rights in China."[63]
  • 2012 Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal – Epoch Times was awarded this commemorative medal, which honours "significant contributions and achievements by Canadians."[64][65] Canadian publisher Cindy Gu was nominated for the medal by the Canadian Centre for Abuse Awareness for raising awareness of human rights abuses in China and the organ harvesting of Falun Gong practitioners.[6][66]
  • 2012 National Ethnic Press and Media Council Award – The Chinese edition of Epoch Times was given this annual award for, "Excellence in editorial/free expression, best concept and visual presentation."[67][68]
  • 2012 New York Press Association Award – Epoch Times won first place in the category "Best Special Section—Advertising, Division 2" for a special section produced for Asia Week New York in March 2012. "A great special section has five strong components: a great cover, appealing design, good art, strong content, and well designed complimentary advertising. This section has all five," said the NYPA judges. "In all, this is one of the nicest sections I have ever seen produced by a newspaper."[69]
  • 2012 Society of Professional Journalists' Sigma Delta Chi award – Epoch Times China reporter Matthew Robertson won this award in the category of Non-Deadline Reporting for a series of articles he wrote on forced, live organ harvesting in China.[7][70]
  • 2013 Newswomen's Club Award – Epoch Times New York reporter Genevieve Belmaker won the Front Page Award from the Newswomen's Club of New York for reporting about the impact of Hurricane Sandy, in the category of newspapers with a circulation of less than 100,000 per day.[71][72]
  • 2013 Top Minority Business Enterprise Awards – Epoch Times Chinese edition CEO in the Washington region, Jenny Jing, won the TOP MBE Awards' "Business Legends" award on October 30, 2013.[73]
  • 2013 New York Press Association Awards – Epoch Times English edition staff reporters, photographers, and designers won 16 awards . Six of the awards were for the first place, including top honors for overall excellence in photography, design, and advertising. Reporters Joshua Philipp and Zachary Stieber won second-place awards for best feature series and in-depth reporting.[74]
  • 2014 New York Press Association Awards – Epoch Times English edition staff reporters, photographers, and designers won 25 awards. 10 first places prizes, six for second place, five third-place finishes, and four honorable mentions. For the second year, the design department won first prize in the Richard L. Stein Award for Overall Design Excellence, and the John J. Evans Award for Advertising Excellence [75]
  • 2014 Society for News Design Awards – Epoch Times English edition designers won 2 awards of Excellence in the Best of News Design Creative Competition. Epoch Times won for its Dine and Unwind section and a feature story on indigenous Scandinavian art, “Sami Stories Are Harrowing, Heartening[76]

Assessments

David Ownby stated that the newspaper's articles are "well written and interesting, if occasionally idiosyncratic in their coverage."[51][77] According to Ownby, it has been praised and also been criticized for a perceived bias against the CCP, and support of Falun Gong practitioners and other dissidents such as Tibetans, Taiwanese independence advocates, democracy activists, Uyghurs and others. The paper, therefore, is often assessed in light of its connection to Falun Gong, rather than a thorough analysis of its editorial content.[78]

James Bettinger, a professor of Communications at Stanford University and the director of the John S. Knight Journalism Fellowships, said "Even if Epoch Times is not associated with Falun Gong, if they consistently write about Falun Gong in the same perspective, or if there are no articles examining Falun Gong, people would perceive it as being not credible."[52] Orville Schell, dean of the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism, said in 2005 that "It's hard to vouch for their quality because it's difficult to corroborate, but it's not something to be dismissed as pure propaganda."[14]

Jiao Guobiao, a former Beijing University journalism professor who was dismissed after criticizing the Central Propaganda Department, proposed that even if Epoch Times published only negative information highly critical of the CCP, the weight of their attacks could never begin to counterbalance the positive propaganda the party publishes about itself. In addressing media balance, Jiao noted that the Chinese public lacked negative, critical information regarding their country. As such, he noted for a need of media balance based on the principles of freedom, equality, and legality, and that media balance "is the result of the collective imbalances of all".[79]

The paper's stance has also been lauded by some political commentators and media experts. Ethan Gutmann has characterized Epoch Times as a leader in political analysis of the Chinese regime, saying "With the "Chinese Regime in Crisis" series, Epoch Times has finally and indisputably arrived. Any China expert who wants to save face by pretending the paper doesn't exist can continue to do so—for a little while anyway—but they had better be reading it in secret."[80]

In 2010, Epoch Times successfully defended its reporting in the Canadian court system,[81] when a publisher they had reported on, Crescent Chau, sued for libel.[82] The justice in charge of the case ruled that the paper had acted in the public interest, and that the particular article expressed "legitimate concerns and constitute an opinion which is drawn from a factual premise". In examining the case, John Gordon Miller, a Canadian journalist and media professor, noted that the paper's articles "appear to be thoroughly and professionally reported".[82]

"Bold, encouraging, thoughtful, Epoch Times has become one of Canada's premier publications. For ten years now, the award-winning newspaper has been building bridges between communities and covering the stories that are shaping our world... Epoch Times immense success is a testament to the public's appetite for a fearless independent voice. I'd like to commend Epoch Times for a decade of journalistic excellence", wrote Peter Kent, Canada's Minister of the Environment, former journalist, producer and anchorman.[26]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b "The Epoch Times – Worldwide distribution" ads.epochtimes.com accessdate 6 March 2014
  2. ^ Ellwood, Robert S.; Csikszentmihalyi, Mark A. (2007). "East Asian Religions". In Jacob Neusner (ed.). World Religions in America. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 217. ISBN 9781611640472. ... the Epoch Times, an anticommunist newspaper connected with the Falun Gong organization...
  3. ^ Sun, Wanning (2009). Media and the Chinese Diaspora: Community, Communications and Commerce. Routledge. p. xi. ISBN 9781134263592. ...the Epoch Times – a globally circulated pro-Falun Gong, anti-Communist Chinese-language newspaper...
  4. ^ Denton, Kirk A. (2011). "Yan'an as a Site of Memory". In Marc Andre Matten (ed.). Places of Memory in Modern China: History, Politics, and Identity. Leiden Series in Comparative Historiography. Vol. 5. Brill. p. 268. ISBN 9789004219014. An article in the anti-Communist, Falun Gong Epoch Times claims, without citing any sources, that Zhang's death was the result of an accident involving opium use.
  5. ^ a b Groot, Gerry; Stafford, Glen (2012). "China and South Australia". In John Spoehr, Purnendra Jain (ed.). The Engaging State: South Australia's Engagement with the Asia-Pacific Region. Wakefield Press. p. 103. ISBN 9781743051573. In related vein, another paper with wide distribution but published elsewhere is Epoch Times (Dajiyuan shibao), the qigong meditation religious group Falun gong mouth-piece, which runs a strong anti-communist line.
  6. ^ a b "Epoch Times Publisher Awarded Diamond Jubilee Medal", The Epoch Times (12 October 2012)
  7. ^ a b c "2012 Sigma Delta Chi Award Honorees", The Society of Professional Journalists, spj.org Accessed 8 Dec. 2014
  8. ^ a b c d "Asian American Journalists Association Recognizes Excellence in News Coverage", The Free Library (23 August 2005) Retrieved 28 Apr 2013
  9. ^ Thornton, Patricia M. (2008). "Manufacturing Dissent in Transnational China". In Kevin J. O'Brien (ed.). Popular Protest in China. Harvard Contemporary China. Vol. 15. Harvard University Press. pp. 199–200. ISBN 9780674041585.
  10. ^ Tong, Clement (2015). "Western Apocalyptic Narratives in the International Arena". In Jean-Guy A. Goulet, Liam D. Murphy, Anastasia Panagakos (ed.). Religious Diversity Today: Experiencing Religion in the Contemporary World. Vol. 3. ABC-CLIO. p. 71. ISBN 9781440833328.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  11. ^ James Jiann Hua To (2014). Qiaowu: Extra-Territorial Policies for the Overseas Chinese. Brill. p. 97. ISBN 9789004272286.
  12. ^ "The Epoch Times – Our Story: The Grand Epoch Is Here" theepochtimes.com
  13. ^ Thomas Lum (August 11, 2006). "China and Falun Gong" (PDF). Congressional Research Service.
  14. ^ a b c Hua, Vanessa (December 18, 2005). "Dissident media linked to Falun Gong / Chinese-language print, broadcast outlets in U.S. are making waves". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved December 9, 2006.
  15. ^ Peter Schworm (December 3, 2007). "Chinese-American activists decry China's communism". The Boston Globe.
  16. ^ "Epoch Times Publisher Awarded Diamond Jubilee Medal", Epoch Times (12 October 2012)
  17. ^ a b Gossett, Sherrie (June 15, 2005). "Independent Chinese Newspaper Bucks Communists". aim.org. Accuracy in Media. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
  18. ^ a b "The Epoch Times – Global Print Archive" printarchive.epochtimes.com
  19. ^ a b c The Epoch Times – Other Languages theepochtimes.com Retrieved 28 Apr 2013
  20. ^ "The New Era" Langara Journalism Review, 01 June 2011
  21. ^ Thomas Lum (August 11, 2006). "China and Falun Gong" (PDF). Congressional Research Service.
  22. ^ Ownby 2008, p. 223.
  23. ^ a b c "The Epoch Times – About Us" theepochtimes.com accessdate 6 March 2014
  24. ^ a b Zhao, Yuezhi, "Falun Gong, Identity, and the Struggle over Meaning Inside and Outside China", pp 209–223 in Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World, edited by Nick Couldry and James Curran (Rowman & Littlefield, 2003)
  25. ^ "Epoch Times Marks 10 Years in Canada". Epoch Times. March 17, 2011. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
  26. ^ a b "The Epoch Times Daily News" Epoch Times 28 January 2011
  27. ^ "The Epoch Times – Online readership" ads.epochtimes.com
  28. ^ "The Epoch Times – Milestones" ads.epochtimes.com
  29. ^ "The Epoch Times – Websites" ads.epochtimes.com
  30. ^ a b The Epoch Times Print Archives - New York Edition Retrieved 30 Apr 2013
  31. ^ "The Epoch Times E-Paper". Retrieved April 30, 2013.
  32. ^ "Multicultural marketing the visible majority" 12 March 2012 marketingmag.ca
  33. ^ "Media Associations - Media Information on Canadian Circulations Audit Board". Cardonline.ca. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
  34. ^ "Epoch Times Canada's First Audited Daily Chinese Newspaper". The Epoch Times. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
  35. ^ "Worse Than Any Nightmare—Journalist Quits China to Expose Concentration Camp Horrors and Bird Flu Coverup", Epoch Times, 10 March 2006
  36. ^ "New Witness Confirms Existence of Chinese Concentration Camp, Says Organs Removed from Live Victims" The Epoch Times, 17 March 2006
  37. ^ a b "Source Reveals Other Chinese Concentration Camps" Epoch Times, 31 March 2006
  38. ^ a b c David Kilgour, David Matas (6 July 2006, revised 31 January 2007) "An Independent Investigation into Allegations of Organ Harvesting of Falun Gong Practitioners in China" (in 22 languages) organharvestinvestigation.net
  39. ^ "United Nations Human Rights Special Rapporteurs Reiterate Findings on China's Organ Harvesting from Falun Gong Practitioners", The Information Daily.com, 9 May 2008
  40. ^ "Chinese Communist Party Subverts Democracies and Rights Abroad". Epoch Times. September 10, 2009. Retrieved December 18, 2009.
  41. ^ "Editor's Note on Coverage of John Liu: Uncovering a hidden threat". September 10, 2009.
  42. ^ "John Liu and the United Front". Epoch Times. Retrieved December 18, 2009.
  43. ^ a b Susan Delacourt, "Harper helps Hu keep critics away", thestar.com 25 Jun 2010
  44. ^ Greenaway, Norma (August 3, 2010). "Liberals decry secrecy around CSIS report". Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on August 5, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
  45. ^ "Chinese-Canadian leader laments spy agency allegations". Vancourier.com. July 29, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
  46. ^ "Paper denies representing Falun Gong". Religionnewsblog.com. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
  47. ^ "Paper denies representing Falun Gong". Washington Post. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
  48. ^ "Falun Gong Fields Media Weapons". wsj.com. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  49. ^ Ownby, David (2008). Falun Gong and the Future of China. Oxford University Press. p. 223. ISBN 9780199716371.
  50. ^ Ownby, David (2008). Falun Gong and the Future of China. Oxford University Press. p. 8. ISBN 9780199716371.
  51. ^ a b c Ownby 2008, p. 221.
  52. ^ a b Eugenia Chien, "Falun Gong-Linked Media Venture Makes Waves, Raises Questions" New America Media, News Analysis, May 16, 2006
  53. ^ "Paper denies representing Falun Gong". Religionnewsblog.com. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
  54. ^ Couldry, Nick; Curran, James (September 22, 2003). Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in a Networked World. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9780742575202.
  55. ^ a b "Nine Commentaries on the Communist Party" ninecommentaries.com/english
  56. ^ The Epoch Times Dec 26, 2004 (December 26, 2004). "Part 8: On How the Chinese Communist Party Is an Evil Cult". The Epoch Times. Retrieved December 18, 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  57. ^ The Epoch Times (19 August 2005) "Nine Commentaries" Wins National Journalism Award in U.S accessdate 18 December 2009AD
  58. ^ "Nine Commentaries on the Communist Party" NTDTV youtube.com
  59. ^ Gossett, Sherrie (June 15, 2005). "Independent Chinese Newspaper Bucks Communists". aim.org. Accuracy in Media. Retrieved October 19, 2013.
  60. ^ "Quitting the CCP". The Epoch Times.
  61. ^ Epoch Times epochtimes.com
  62. ^ The Epoch Times (20 Sep 2005) Epoch Times Wins National Award in Canada Retrieved 28 Apr 2013
  63. ^ "The Epoch Times Wins Prize for Human Rights Reporting". The Epoch Times. May 10, 2006. Retrieved December 18, 2009.
  64. ^ The Governor General of Canada: Diamond Jubilee Medal Retrieved 28 Apr 2013
  65. ^ "Find a Recipient". The Governor General of Canada.
  66. ^ Newspapers Canada (12 October 2012) Three more newspaper publishers receive Diamond Jubilee Medal newspaperscanada.ca Retrieved 20 January 2013
  67. ^ "National Ethnic Press and Media Council of Canada Award Recipients 2012" sources.com 7 November 2012
  68. ^ The Epoch Times (13 November 2012) Epoch Times Wins Ethnic Press Media Award Retrieved 28 Apr 2013
  69. ^ Free-i-News. (8 April 2013) "Epoch Times Wins Newspaper Excellence Award" Retrieved 28 Apr 2013
  70. ^ The Epoch Times (23 April 2013) "Epoch Times Reporter Wins Prestigious Journalism Award"
  71. ^ Newswomen’s Club of New York "2013 Front Page Award Winners" newswomensclubnewyork.com
  72. ^ West, Ananda. "Epoch Times Reporter Wins Newswomen’s Club Award for Hurricane Sandy Coverage", The Epoch Times, October 10, 2013.
  73. ^ Top 100 MBEs, honoring minority and women entrepreneurs. Accessed November 5, 2013.
  74. ^ Epoch Times
  75. ^ Epoch Times
  76. ^ Epoch Times
  77. ^ Morais, Betsy. "The Epoch Times doesn't like to brag", Capital Magazine, Jun. 23, 2010
  78. ^ Ownby 2008, pp. vii–viii, 163, 221–3, 229.
  79. ^ Thornton, Patricia M. "Manufacturing Dissent in Transnational China" pp. 179–204 in Popular Protest in China, Kevin J. O'Brien (ed.), Harvard University Press 2008
  80. ^ Ethan Gutman, Facebook. (23 Apr 2012) https://www.facebook.com/ethan.gutmann/posts/10150841176268179
  81. ^ Facts.org, quoting from Xinhua, March 23, 2006 (Retrieved July 23, 2011)
  82. ^ a b Miller, John Gordon (31 May 2010) "Judge rules that Falun Gong newspaper acted in the public interest" Straight Goods

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