Kidnapping of Jaycee Dugard: Difference between revisions

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==Abduction==
==Abduction==
On June 10, 1991 Dugard's stepfather, Carl Probyn, witnessed the abduction from within sight of their home. He saw two people in a gray [[sedan (automobile)|sedan]] (possibly a [[Mercury Monarch]] or [[Mercury Zephyr]]) make a U-turn at the school bus stop where Dugard was waiting, and a woman forced Jaycee into the car. Probyn then gave chase on a bicycle, but he was unable to overtake the vehicle. Some of Jaycee's classmates were also witnesses to the abduction. Just a week prior to her abduction, their class had been trained in how to resist such attacks as a part of a [[Drug Abuse Resistance Education|D.A.R.E.]] program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.examiner.com/x-21577-Jackson-Family-Examiner~y2009m9d2-Jaycee-Dugard-a-lesson-for-us-all|author=Chafin, Suzie|title= Jaycee Dugard, a lesson for us all|publisher= Examiner.com |date= 2009-09-02}}</ref>
According to Nancy Garrido on June 9, 1991, Phillip saw Jaycee walking with other children and told her that he wanted "the cute one". The couple returned the next day when Jaycee was alone at the bus stop.<ref> http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/jaycee-lee-dugard/6180448/Jaycee-Lee-Dugard-abductor-Phillip-Garrido-wanted-cute-blond-girl.html </ref>
On June 10 Dugard's stepfather, Carl Probyn, witnessed the abduction from within sight of their home. He saw two people in a gray [[sedan (automobile)|sedan]] (possibly a [[Mercury Monarch]] or [[Mercury Zephyr]]) make a U-turn at the school bus stop where Dugard was waiting, and a woman forced Jaycee into the car. Probyn then gave chase on a bicycle, but he was unable to overtake the vehicle. Some of Jaycee's classmates were also witnesses to the abduction. Just a week prior to her abduction, their class had been trained in how to resist such attacks as a part of a [[Drug Abuse Resistance Education|D.A.R.E.]] program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.examiner.com/x-21577-Jackson-Family-Examiner~y2009m9d2-Jaycee-Dugard-a-lesson-for-us-all|author=Chafin, Suzie|title= Jaycee Dugard, a lesson for us all|publisher= Examiner.com |date= 2009-09-02}}</ref>


Probyn was a suspect in the disappearance of Dugard, and later took several [[lie-detector]] tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.khabrein.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=25443&Itemid=57 |title=Full details about Jaycee Lee Dugard|publisher=Khabrein.info}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/6101545/Jaycee-Lee-Dugard-walks-into-police-station-18-years-after-disappearance.html|title=Jaycee Lee Dugard walks into police station 18 years after disappearance|publisher =The Telegraph|date=2009-08-27|author=Moore, Matthew}}</ref> The kidnapping case attracted nationwide attention and was featured many times on the television show ''[[America's Most Wanted]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,543640,00.html |title=Police: California Girl Kidnapped 18 Years Ago Kept as Sex Slave in Couple's Backyard |publisher=FOX News |date=2009-08-27|accessdate=2009-08-28}}</ref>
Probyn was a suspect in the disappearance of Dugard, and later took several [[lie-detector]] tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.khabrein.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=25443&Itemid=57 |title=Full details about Jaycee Lee Dugard|publisher=Khabrein.info}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/6101545/Jaycee-Lee-Dugard-walks-into-police-station-18-years-after-disappearance.html|title=Jaycee Lee Dugard walks into police station 18 years after disappearance|publisher =The Telegraph|date=2009-08-27|author=Moore, Matthew}}</ref> The kidnapping case attracted nationwide attention and was featured many times on the television show ''[[America's Most Wanted]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,543640,00.html |title=Police: California Girl Kidnapped 18 Years Ago Kept as Sex Slave in Couple's Backyard |publisher=FOX News |date=2009-08-27|accessdate=2009-08-28}}</ref>

Revision as of 13:45, 13 September 2009

Jaycee Dugard abduction case
File:Deputy with Dugard flyer.jpg
El Dorado County, California, sheriff's deputy shows motorist a flier of kidnapped child Jaycee Dugard
LocationAbduction: South Lake Tahoe, El Dorado County, California
Confinement: 1554 Walnut Avenue (unincorporated Contra Costa County near) Antioch, California[1]
DateJune 10, 1991 (1991-06-10) – August 26, 2009
Attack type
Kidnapping
VictimJaycee Dugard
Missing, 18 years
DefenderCarl Probyn, stepfather
(giving chase at abduction)

The kidnapping of Jaycee Lee Dugard took place on June 10, 1991. Dugard was abducted from a school bus stop within sight of her home in South Lake Tahoe, California. She was 11 at the time of her abduction, and was missing for over 18 years. On August 26, 2009, Dugard appeared in the office of her alleged kidnapper's parole officer in California, and her identity was confirmed the following day.

Phillip Craig Garrido, 58, and his wife Nancy Garrido, 54, of Antioch, California were arrested for kidnapping and other charges; they are being held in prison awaiting trial. Law enforcement officers believe Dugard was kept in a concealed area behind Garrido's house in Antioch, California for 18 years. During this time Dugard bore two daughters who were aged 15 and 11 at the time of her reappearance.

Background

Template:Garridosinfo Phillip Craig Garrido was born in Contra Costa County, California on April 5, 1951. He grew up in Brentwood, California, where he graduated from Liberty High School in 1969.[2] His father, Manuel Garrido, who continues to reside in Brentwood, said his son was a "good boy" as a child, but radically changed after a serious motorcycle accident as a teenager, and later drug use.[3] In 1969, according to his own testimony, Phillip Garrido was arrested for drug possession and sent to Contra Costa County’s Clayton Farm facility.[4] The Sacramento Bee and the Associated Press have reported that the elder Garrido has begun demanding money in exchange for speaking with reporters; both organizations have refused.[5][6]

In 1972, Garrido was arrested and charged with sexually assaulting a 14-year-old girl, but the case did not go to trial after the girl declined to testify.[7] In 1973, Garrido married high-school classmate Christine Murphy, who said Garrido was abusive. Murphy alleges that Garrido kidnapped her when she tried to leave their relationship.[8]

In 1976, Garrido kidnapped Katherine Callaway in South Lake Tahoe, California. He took her to a Reno, Nevada warehouse where he sexually assaulted her.[9][10] When police knocked on the door to investigate the car parked outside and a broken lock, Callaway called for help from inside the warhouse, and Garrido was arrested.[10] He was charged with and convicted of crimes in both federal and state courts.[10][11] In a 1976 court-ordered psychiatric evaluation, Garrido was diagnosed as a "sexual deviant and chronic drug abuser." The forensic psychologist wrote that "Garrido’s 'sexual deviation' could have been caused by four years of daily LSD use, along with regular abuse of marijuana, alcohol and cocaine."[12] Garrido also testified in court that he masturbated in his car by the side of grammar schools and high schools while watching young females.[13] Garrido was convicted on March 9, 1977 and began serving a 50-year federal sentence on June 30, 1977, at Leavenworth Penitentiary in Kansas.[11]

At Leavenworth, Garrido met Nancy Bocanegra, who was visiting another prisoner, her uncle. On October 5, 1981, Garrido and Bocanegra were married at Leavenworth.[14] On January 22, 1988, Garrido was released from Leavenworth to Nevada State Prison, where he served seven months of a five-years-to-life Nevada sentence.[10][11] He was transferred to federal parole authorities in Antioch, California on August 26, 1988.[11] In Antioch, the Garridos lived in the home of his elderly mother, who suffered from dementia. As a parolee, he was monitored, later wore a GPS-enabled ankle bracelet, and was regularly visited by police.[15]

In September 1990, Dugard and her family moved from the Orange County city of Garden Grove to South Lake Tahoe. At the time of the abduction, Jaycee was in 5th grade attending Meyers Elementary School near South Lake Tahoe.[16]

Abduction

According to Nancy Garrido on June 9, 1991, Phillip saw Jaycee walking with other children and told her that he wanted "the cute one". The couple returned the next day when Jaycee was alone at the bus stop.[17] On June 10 Dugard's stepfather, Carl Probyn, witnessed the abduction from within sight of their home. He saw two people in a gray sedan (possibly a Mercury Monarch or Mercury Zephyr) make a U-turn at the school bus stop where Dugard was waiting, and a woman forced Jaycee into the car. Probyn then gave chase on a bicycle, but he was unable to overtake the vehicle. Some of Jaycee's classmates were also witnesses to the abduction. Just a week prior to her abduction, their class had been trained in how to resist such attacks as a part of a D.A.R.E. program.[18]

Probyn was a suspect in the disappearance of Dugard, and later took several lie-detector tests.[19][20] The kidnapping case attracted nationwide attention and was featured many times on the television show America's Most Wanted.[21]

Captivity

The Garridos' home on Walnut Avenue is in an unincorporated area in northeast Antioch.[22] A neighbor of the Garridos has stated that he recalls as a child meeting Dugard through a fence in the Garrido's yard soon after the kidnapping. He says that when he asked her if she lived there or was just visiting, she answered that she lived there. At that point Philip Garrido came out and took her back indoors.[23] The Garridos later built a privacy fence around the property, which already had several large trees in the yard. Phillip Garrido was found to have violated his parole and was returned to federal prison from April to August 1993. Dugard bore two daughters in 1994 and 1998.

Law enforcement officers believe that at the time they became involved in 2009, Dugard's living quarters were in a secondary backyard behind Phillip Garrido's house. The private area of the yard included sheds (one of which was soundproofed and used as a recording studio in which Garrido recorded himself singing religious-themed and romantic country songs), two tents, and what has been described as a camping-style shower and toilet. The area was surrounded by tall trees and a 6-foot (1.8 m) high fence. An entrance to the secondary backyard was covered by a tarpaulin. Privacy in the yard was enhanced by tents and outbuildings, as well as an old car similar to the one used in the abduction. Law enforcement officers visited the residence at least twice in recent years, but did not give the backyard more than a quick inspection. When police investigated, they found the backyard to be crowded with typical childhood possessions, including books and toys, amongst the tents and sheds. Electricity was supplied by extension cords. Jaycee Dugard was seen in the house and sometimes answered the front door. While the family kept to themselves, the girls were sometimes seen playing in the backyard or as passengers in Garrido's car. Garrido claims to have home-schooled the two girls.[24]

Garrido operated a print shop. In the few years before his arrest he began to talk more about religion, though he had been described by others as quiet, mild mannered, intelligent and mature. Ben Daughdrill, a customer of Garrido's printing business, claimed he had met and spoken by telephone with a woman calling herself "Allissa", Garrido's daughter. Daughdrill said she did excellent art work. She has been referred to as the "creative force" behind the business.

During this time, Dugard had access to the business phone and had an email account. One customer of the printing business indicated she never hinted to him about her childhood abduction or true identity.[25] Her two daughters told others she was their older sister.[26]

While in Antioch, Garrido also kept an Internet blog associated with what he called "Gods Desire Church." In the blog Garrido said he had the power to control sound with his mind:

"I Phillip Garrido have clearly demonstrated the ability to control sound with my mind and have developed a device for others to witness this phenomena" [...] "I have produced a set of voices by effectively controlling the sound to pronounce words through my own mental powers."

[25]

Garrido asked several people, including customers, to sign testimonials confirming they had witnessed his ability to "control sound with my mind" and a device he developed "for others to witness this phenomena."[27]

Missed police opportunity to rescue Dugard

In 2006 one of Garrido's neighbors called 9-1-1 to inform them there were tents in the backyard with children living there and that Garrido was "psychotic" with sexual addictions. A deputy sheriff spoke with Garrido at the front of the house for about 30 minutes and left after telling him there would be a code violation if people were living outside on the property. After Dugard was found in August 2009 the local police issued an apology.[28][29]

Police also failed to make the connection that Jaycee Lee Dugard was kidnapped in South Lake Tahoe, the same location as Garrido's 1976 kidnapping of Katherine Callaway Hall.

Reappearance

Jaycee Dugard
File:Jaycee Dugard FBI image.jpg
A photograph taken prior to kidnapping as posted on the FBI's website, accompanied with a banner designating her as "recovered"
Born
Jaycee Lee Dugard

(1980-05-03) May 3, 1980 (age 44)
Anaheim, California[30]
NationalityAmerican
ChildrenDaughter #1, (b. circa 1994)
Daughter #2, (b. circa 1998)
ParentMother: Terry Probyn
RelativesStepfather: Carl Probyn
Half-sister: Shayna Probyn , (b. circa 1990)

On August 24, 2009, Garrido visited the San Francisco office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and left a four-page essay containing his ideas about religion and sexuality, suggesting he had discovered a solution to problem behaviors like his own past crimes. The essay described how he had cured his own criminal sexual behaviors and how that information could be used to assist in curing other sexual predators by "controlling human impulses that drive humans to commit dysfunctional acts." [31][32]

On the same day, Phillip Garrido went to a University of California, Berkeley police office seeking permission to hold a special Christian event on campus as a part of his "God's Desire" program. He spoke with U.C. Berkeley special events manager Lisa Campbell. Campbell perceived his behavior as odd and asked him to make an appointment for the next day, which he did, leaving his name in the process. The next morning Campbell notified campus police officer Ally Jacobs about the meeting later that morning with Garrido, and her concerns. Jacobs ran a background check and learned that Garrido was on parole for rape, and decided to sit in on the meeting. Garrido arrived with two girls, ages 11 and 15, whom he introduced as his daughters. At the meeting, Jacobs felt that the girls' behavior was unusual and rehearsed.

After the meeting, Jacobs attempted to contact Garrido's parole officer to express her concern about the welfare of the two girls.[33]

The following day, August 26, the parole officer and Jacobs talked on the phone. Jacobs later said she was shocked when the parole officer told her he believed Garrido had no children, but would investigate further. After the conversation with Jacobs, he telephoned Garrido and asked him to come in for a parole meeting. Later that day, Garrido arrived at the meeting with his wife, the two girls, and Jaycee Dugard, whom they all referred to by the name "Allissa". After being separated from Garrido for a further interview, the three were discovered to be Dugard and the two children that she had borne. Garrido and his wife were then arrested by local police. An FBI agent put Dugard on the telephone with her mother, Terry Probyn, who at first thought the call was a prank. Dugard retained custody of her children and was soon reunited with her mother.[33][34][35]

Continuing aftermath

Garrido's statements

On August 27, 2009, KCRA-TV in Sacramento, California, interviewed Garrido in his jail cell by telephone. During the interview Garrido said, "In the end, this is going to be a powerful, heartwarming story" because, in his version of events,

"My life has been straightened out." [...] "Wait till you hear the story of what took place at this house. You're going to be absolutely impressed. It’s a disgusting thing that took place with me at the beginning, but I turned my life completely around."[36]

Investigators at the Antioch home

Garrido repeatedly told the reporter how he had "filed documents" with the FBI on Monday, August 24, 2009, which, when they were published, would cause people to "fall over backwards" and that he could not reveal more because he "had to protect law enforcement" and "what happened" [...] was "something that humans have not understood well."[36] In the interview Garrido denied he had ever harmed Dugard's two daughters. He said their births changed his life and "they slept in my arms every single night since birth. I never touched them."[36]

On August 28, 2009, FBI spokesman Joseph Schadler confirmed that Garrido had indeed left the documents with the agency, as he had claimed, but declined to discuss further details.[37]

Legal proceedings

On August 28, 2009, Garrido and his wife pled not guilty to charges including kidnapping, rape and false imprisonment.[25]

Following the arrest, police extensively searched the Garrido house for evidence of other crimes. Because Phillip Garrido had access to his neighbor's house, it was also searched for evidence.[38][39]

Reunion and public reaction

In the days following Dugard's return, Carl Probyn, Jaycee's stepfather, confirmed that Jaycee and her daughters are in good health and intelligent, their reunion is going well, and they are proceeding slowly. He said his stepdaughter had developed a significant emotional bond with Phillip Garrido, and the girls cried when they learned of their father's arrest.[40][41]

A psychiatrist later said Dugard might have developed Stockholm syndrome.[42][43]

Ernie Allen, president of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, said Dugard's reappearance is an important event for families of other long-term missing children, because it shows that there is hope even in long-term cases.[44]

While some, such as Georgia Hilgeman-Hammond, who founded the Vanished Children's Alliance in San Jose, California in 1976 after her 13-month-old daughter was abducted, focused on the emotional turmoil of the experience and the need for years of counseling, others such as Elizabeth Smart have stressed the importance of focusing on the future with a positive attitude as an effective approach to accepting what has happened.[45][46] Shawn Hornbeck commented on the case.[47]

Both Jaycee's aunt, Tina Dugard, and former neighbor in Antioch, Cheyvonne Molino, have made public statements that in their opinion, despite the unlawful behavior of Phillip Garrido, there is no manner in the upbringing of Jaycee's children to suggest in any way that the children are deprived, or significantly deficient in ways that cannot be addressed promptly and efficaciously through typical remedial education. In particular, Molino took exception to the notion of officer Ally Jacobs that the two girls displayed any sort of catatonia. Molino asserted that she had been able to see them occasionally over many years and that they dress and behavior away from and with their father was quite social and relaxed and that during that extended time they had appeared to be thriving.[48] [49]

According to Jaycee Dugard's aunt, Tina Dugard, "This is a joyful time for my family." Of Jaycee's daughters, she said: "Although they have no formal education, they are certainly educated" and added "Jaycee did a truly amazing job with the limited resources and education that she herself had, and we are so proud of her." According to Tina Dugard, "They are clever, articulate, curious girls who have a bright future ahead of them."[50]

The Jaycee Dugard Trust Fund was established amid concern that there may be unauthorized solicitation of funds to support Jaycee and the family. The fund is based in Atwood, California.[51]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/12/opinion/12sat2.html
  2. ^ Costa, Hilary, Lockett, Jonathan, and Burgarino, Paul (2009-08-28). "Accident, drug use changed man accused in abduction, father says". Silicon Valley Mercury News.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Costa, Hilary (2009-08-28). "Father: Man accused of abducting Jaycee Lee Dugard changed after accident, drug use". Contra Costa Times.
  4. ^ Tran, My-Thuan (2009-08-28). "Suspected Kidnapper's Father Says Son Had Long History of Problems". The Washington Post.
  5. ^ Sill, Melanie (2009-09-13). Sacramento Bee http://www.sacbee.com/fromtheeditor/story/2177006.html. Retrieved 2009-09-13. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Text "From the Editor: Why we won't stoop and pay for a scoop" ignored (help)
  6. ^ Associated Press (2009-09-02). "Media offer cash for interviews in CA kidnap case". Associated Press. Retrieved 2009-09-13.
  7. ^ "Suspect Faced '72 Rape Case". The New York Times. 2009-09-03.
  8. ^ Saltzman, Sammy Rose (2009-09-01). "Phillip Garrido "Tried to Gouge My Eyes Out," Says First Wife". Crimesider. CBS News.
  9. ^ Van Horn, Clarisse (2009-09-01). "Phillip Garrido victim speaks to Larry King about Jaycee Dugard case and shares her story". Examiner.com.
  10. ^ a b c d Stanton, Sam; Minugh, Kim; Lillis, Ryan (2009-09-02). "Rape victim describes Garrido's attack". Seattle Times. Retrieved 2009-09-13.
  11. ^ a b c d "Nevada Department of Public Safety Media Release". KTVN-TV. 2009-08-28.
  12. ^ La Ganga, Maria L. (2009-08-30). "Psychiatrist diagnosed Phillip Garrido in 1976 as a 'sexual deviant'". Los Angeles Times.
  13. ^ Dillon, Nancy, and Siemaszko, Corky (2009-08-30). "Phillip Garrido, charged with kidnapping Jaycee Lee Dugard, told court he stalked girls at schools". New York Daily News.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ Collins, Terry, and Donald, Brooke (2009-08-29). "Neighbors knew kidnapping suspect as 'Creepy Phil'". Kansas City Star.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  15. ^ Harvey, Mike (2009-08-31). "Jaycee police question kidnapper over prostitute murders". The Times. Retrieved 2009-09-02.
  16. ^ "Parade to mark return of Calif. kidnap victim". Associated Press. 2009-09-03.
  17. ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/jaycee-lee-dugard/6180448/Jaycee-Lee-Dugard-abductor-Phillip-Garrido-wanted-cute-blond-girl.html
  18. ^ Chafin, Suzie (2009-09-02). "Jaycee Dugard, a lesson for us all". Examiner.com.
  19. ^ "Full details about Jaycee Lee Dugard". Khabrein.info.
  20. ^ Moore, Matthew (2009-08-27). "Jaycee Lee Dugard walks into police station 18 years after disappearance". The Telegraph.
  21. ^ "Police: California Girl Kidnapped 18 Years Ago Kept as Sex Slave in Couple's Backyard". FOX News. 2009-08-27. Retrieved 2009-08-28.
  22. ^ La Ganga, Maria L., Dolan, Maura, and Hennessy-Fiske, Molly (2009-08-31). "Sex offenders move to Antioch area 'because they can'". Los Angeles Times.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  23. ^ Costa, Hilary (2009-08-28). "Neighbor spoke to Jaycee Lee Dugard through fence"". Contra Costa Times.
  24. ^ de Sá, Karen (2009-08-31). "Cops search two Antioch homes for evidence in the Jaycee Dugard case". Silicon Valley Mercury News.
  25. ^ a b c McKinley, Jessie (2009-08-28). "Kidnapping Victim Was Not Always Locked Away". New York Times. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
  26. ^ Cohen, Sharon, and Donald, Brooke (2009-08-30). "Gone 18 years, girl found but questions remain". Associated Press. Retrieved 2009-08-31.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  27. ^ Simerman, John (2009-08-29). "Accused abductor of Jaycee Dugard turned increasingly zealous, customers say". Silicon Valley Mercury News.
  28. ^ Adams, Guy (2009-08-29). "Missing girl could have been found in 2006". The Independent.
  29. ^ Netter, Sarah and Ghebremedhin, Sabina (2009-08-28). "Cops Apologize for Muffing Chance to Rescue Jaycee Dugard in 2006". ABC News. Retrieved 2009-08-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ "FBI Kidnapping Investgation". Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
  31. ^ Von Fremd, Mike, Snow, Kate, and Splane, Stephen (2009-08-30). "Dugard Kidnapping Suspect Told FBI He'd Cured Himself". ABC News. Retrieved 2009-08-31.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  32. ^ Alpert, Lukas I. (30 August, 2009). "Fiend Gave the FBI his Perv-Cure Manifesto". New York Post. Retrieved 2009-08-30. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  33. ^ a b Ghadishah, Arash (2009-08-28). "EXCLUSIVE: Meet Cop Who Helped Nail Alleged Dugard Kidnapper". ABC News. Retrieved 2009-08-31.
  34. ^ Williams, Juliet, and Young, Samantha (2009-08-28). "Stepdad: Girl held 18 years enjoys 'happy' reunion". Associated Press. Retrieved 2009-08-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  35. ^ "Police 'sorry' for kidnap blunder". BBC News. 2009-08-29.
  36. ^ a b c "Kidnap Suspect: 'Wait Until You Hear The Story'". KCRA-TV. 2009-08-27. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
  37. ^ Collins, Terry, and Donald, Brooke (2009-08-28). "Questions arise over how kidnapper went undetected". Yahoo News. Retrieved 2009-08-31.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  38. ^ Allen, Nick (2009-08-31). "Jaycee Lee Dugard: 'Death dogs' search Philip Garrido's home for missing girls". The Telegraph. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
  39. ^ Netter, Sarah, Von Fremd, Mike, Waldman, Ronna, and Nalty, Ariane (2009-08-31). "Garrido Investigators Unearth Bone Fragments". ABC News. Retrieved 2009-09-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  40. ^ "Jaycee's Stepdad: Her New Life "Like Mars"". CBS News. 2009-08-31.
  41. ^ Milam, Greg (2009-09-01). "Jaycee and Kids 'Cried At Kidnapper's Arrest'". Sky News.
  42. ^ Alleyne, Richard (2009-08-28). "Jaycee Lee Dugard may have succumbed to 'Stockholm Syndrome'". The Telegraph.
  43. ^ Leff, Lisa, and Collins, Terry (2009-08-29). "Many missed chances to catch kidnapping suspect". Lexington (KY) Herald-Leader.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ^ Gandossy, Taylor, Watkins, Tom, and Wilson, Stan (August 28, 2009). "Sheriff: Kidnap victim, children kept in backyard compound". CNN. Retrieved 2009-09-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  45. ^ Kaplan, Tracey (2009-08-28). "Challenges ahead for Jaycee Dugard's recovery from long ordeal". Silicon Valley Mercury News.
  46. ^ Oh, Eunice (2009-08-28). "Elizabeth Smart's Advice to Jaycee Dugard: Move Forward in Life". People.
  47. ^ [Shawn Hornbeck: Jaycee Dugard Brainwashed, in Shock 2009-09-04
  48. ^ Hardesty, Greg (2009-09-02). "Inside the Jaycee Dugard reunion: 'She's fabulous'". Orange County Register.
  49. ^ Smith, Ryan (2009-09-01). "Controversy: Jaycee Dugard Daughter's Photos". Crimesider. CBS News.
  50. ^ "Jaycee Dugard's aunt: 'This is a joyful time'". CNN. 2009-09-03.
  51. ^ Drinkard, Katie (2009-08-31). "How to donate to the Jaycee Dugard trust fund". Examiner.com.

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