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The Udigrudi Movement (Portuguese pronunciation: [udʒiˈɡɾudʒi], from English "underground"), also called o Desbunde or Recifense Psychedelia, was a Brazilian counter-cultural movement based out of Recife, Pernambuco. Though often associated with music, the movement also saw a blossoming in theatre, literature, cinema, visual art, and handicrafts.

Udigrudi sprung out of metropolization in Brazil, were Recife became the crossroads for the many cultures present in the Northeast.

In Music[edit]

Udigrudi in music has its roots in Northeastern folk music, as well as "post-woodstock" psychedelia and the beatniks with influences like Beatlemania, tropicalismo, jovem guarda, and Brazilian regionalism. Since its beginning in the 1970s, many called it Recifense beat-psychedelia, due to this. What set Udigrudi aside from the rest of the Brazilian music world at the time was its refusal to adhere to the commerical sound at the time.^[1] The most notable Udigrudi label was Solar, which grew out of frevo parent-label Rozenblit.^[2]

The Boa Vista neighborhood of Recife became one of the centers of the scene, with figureheads of the movement, like Lula Côrtes and Zé Ramalho, congregating in its bars. Associated people became known as the "A Turma do Beco do Barato," or "the Cheap Alley Gang" in English.^[2] Often Udigrudi is further split up into two groups, firstly, “a Turma da Paraíba” or the "the Gang of Paraíba" with Zé Ramalho, Huguinho, Jarbas Mariz, and Ibanez, and seconldy, “o Pessoal de Pernambuco” or " the People of Pernambuco," that included members like Lula Côrtes, Don Troncho, Licá, Kátia Mesel, Tiago Araripe, Rafles, Jomard Muniz de Brito, Mano Teodósio, Laílson, Maristone, Flaviola e o Bando do Sol, Raul Córdoba, Otávio Bzz, Alceu Valença, Robertinho do Recife, Marconi Notaro, Nuvem 33, Papa Poluição, and Ave Sangria. Other associated artists included Angeli, Aratanha Azul, Geraldo Azevedo, Ricardo Uchôa, Zé da Flauta, Laboratório de Sons Estranhos, Glauco, Ivinho, Laerte, Paulo Rafael, Phetus, Luiz Carlos Maciel.

Paêbirú being a seminal album.

In Film[edit]

Udigrudi in film, also known as Cinema Marginal [pt]

In art[edit]

Handicrafts - from the dolls of Caruaru.

References[edit]

^ "Livro traz histórias inéditas sobre psicodelia no Recife dos anos 1970". O Povo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-09-05. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
^ ^a ^b Naleste, Caetano (2021-06-14). "Viva o beco do Barato (Ao Udigrudi Recifense)". Esquerda Online (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-04-04.

[1] "Livro traz histórias inéditas sobre psicodelia no Recife dos anos 1970". O Povo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-09-05. Retrieved 2024-04-04.

[:0-2] Naleste, Caetano (2021-06-14). "Viva o beco do Barato (Ao Udigrudi Recifense)". Esquerda Online (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2024-04-04.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 == In Music ==
-Udigrudi in music has its roots in Northeastern folk music, as well as "post-[[woodstock]]" [[psychedelia]] and [[Beatnik|beatnik generation]] with influences like [[Beatlemania]], [[Tropicália|tropicalismo]], [[Jovem Guarda|jovem guarda]], and Brazilian [[Regionalism (art)|regionalism]]. Since its beginning in the 1970s, many called it ''Recifense'' beat-psychedelia, due to this. What set Udigrudi aside from the rest of the Brazilian music world at the time was its refusal to adhere to the commerical sound at the time.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-09-05 |title=Livro traz histórias inéditas sobre psicodelia no Recife dos anos 1970 |url=https://www.opovo.com.br/vidaearte/2022/09/05/livro-traz-historias-ineditas-sobre-psicodelia-no-recife-dos-anos-1970.html |access-date=2024-04-04 |website=O Povo |language=pt-BR}}</ref> The most notable Udigrudi label was Solar, which grew out of [[frevo]] parent-label Rozenblit.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Naleste |first=Caetano |date=2021-06-14 |title=Viva o beco do Barato (Ao Udigrudi Recifense) |url=https://esquerdaonline.com.br/2021/06/14/viva-o-beco-do-barato-ao-udigrudi-recifense/ |access-date=2024-04-04 |website=Esquerda Online |language=pt-BR}}</ref>
+Udigrudi in music has its roots in Northeastern folk music, as well as "post-[[woodstock]]" [[psychedelia]] and the [[Beatnik|beatniks]] with influences like [[Beatlemania]], [[Tropicália|tropicalismo]], [[Jovem Guarda|jovem guarda]], and Brazilian [[Regionalism (art)|regionalism]]. Since its beginning in the 1970s, many called it ''Recifense'' beat-psychedelia, due to this. What set Udigrudi aside from the rest of the Brazilian music world at the time was its refusal to adhere to the commerical sound at the time.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2022-09-05 |title=Livro traz histórias inéditas sobre psicodelia no Recife dos anos 1970 |url=https://www.opovo.com.br/vidaearte/2022/09/05/livro-traz-historias-ineditas-sobre-psicodelia-no-recife-dos-anos-1970.html |access-date=2024-04-04 |website=O Povo |language=pt-BR}}</ref> The most notable Udigrudi label was Solar, which grew out of [[frevo]] parent-label Rozenblit.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Naleste |first=Caetano |date=2021-06-14 |title=Viva o beco do Barato (Ao Udigrudi Recifense) |url=https://esquerdaonline.com.br/2021/06/14/viva-o-beco-do-barato-ao-udigrudi-recifense/ |access-date=2024-04-04 |website=Esquerda Online |language=pt-BR}}</ref>
-The Boa Vista neighborhood of Recife became one of the centers of the scene, with figureheads of the movement, like [[Lula Côrtes]] and [[Zé Ramalho]], congregating in its bars. Associated people became known as the "''A Turma do Beco do Barato''," or "the Cheap Alley Gang" in English.<ref name=":0" /> Often Udigrudi is further split up into two groups, firstly, “a Turma da Paraíba” or the "the Gang of Paraíba" with Zé Ramalho, Huguinho, Jarbas Mariz, and Ibanez, and seconldy, “o Pessoal de Pernambuco” or " the People of Pernambuco," that included members like Lula Côrtes, Don Troncho, Licá, Kátia Mesel, Tiago Araripe, Rafles, Jomard Muniz de Brito, Mano Teodósio, Laílson, Maristone, Flaviola e o Bando do Sol, Raul Córdoba, Otávio Bzz, [[Alceu Valença]], [[Robertinho do Recife]], [[Marconi Notaro]], Nuvem 33, Papa Poluição, and [[Ave Sangria]].
+The Boa Vista neighborhood of Recife became one of the centers of the scene, with figureheads of the movement, like [[Lula Côrtes]] and [[Zé Ramalho]], congregating in its bars. Associated people became known as the "''A Turma do Beco do Barato''," or "the Cheap Alley Gang" in English.<ref name=":0" /> Often Udigrudi is further split up into two groups, firstly, “''a Turma da Paraíba''” or the "the Gang of Paraíba" with Zé Ramalho, Huguinho, Jarbas Mariz, and Ibanez, and seconldy, “''o Pessoal de Pernambuco''” or " the People of Pernambuco," that included members like Lula Côrtes, Don Troncho, Licá, Kátia Mesel, Tiago Araripe, Rafles, Jomard Muniz de Brito, Mano Teodósio, Laílson, Maristone, Flaviola e o Bando do Sol, Raul Córdoba, Otávio Bzz, [[Alceu Valença]], [[Robertinho do Recife]], [[Marconi Notaro]], Nuvem 33, Papa Poluição, and [[Ave Sangria]]. Other associated artists included Angeli, Aratanha Azul, Geraldo Azevedo, Ricardo Uchôa, Zé da Flauta, Laboratório de Sons Estranhos, Glauco, Ivinho, Laerte, Paulo Rafael, Phetus, Luiz Carlos Maciel.
 ''[[Paêbirú]]'' being a seminal album.
-Associated artists included Angeli, Aratanha Azul, Geraldo Azevedo, Ricardo Uchôa, Zé da Flauta, Laboratório de Sons Estranhos, Glauco, Ivinho, Laerte, Paulo Rafael, Phetus, Luiz Carlos Maciel.
 * https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/caminhosdegeografia/article/view/68665
 * https://portalintercom.org.br/anais/nordeste2014/resumos/R42-1759-1.pdf