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1899 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season

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1899 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season
LeagueNCAA
SportCollege football
DurationOctober 6, 1899
through December 25, 1899
Number of teams17
Regular Season
Season championsSewanee
Football seasons
← 1898
1900 →
1899 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football standings
Conf Overall
Team W   L   T W   L   T
Sewanee $ 11 0 0 12 0 0
Vanderbilt 5 0 0 7 2 0
Alabama 1 0 0 3 1 0
Nashville 4 1 0 4 1 1
Tennessee 2 1 0 6 2 0
Auburn 2 1 1 3 1 1
Texas 3 2 0 6 2 0
North Carolina 1 1 0 7 3 0
Ole Miss 3 4 0 3 4 0
Georgia 2 3 1 2 3 1
Clemson 1 2 0 4 2 0
Central (KY) 1 2 0 1 2 0
LSU 1 3 0 1 4 0
Kentucky State 0 1 0 5 2 2
SW Presbyterian 0 1 0 1 1 0
Cumberland (TN) 0 3 0 0 3 0
Georgia Tech 0 5 0 0 6 0
Tulane 0 5 0 0 6 1
  • $ – Conference champion

The 1899 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season was the college football games played by the member schools of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association as part of the 1899 college football season.

The season began on October 6, 1899 with Vanderbilt visiting Cumberland.

Sewanee won the conference with 11 conference victories. With just 13 players, the team known as the "Iron Men" had a six-day road trip with five shutout wins over Texas A&M; Texas; Tulane; LSU; and Ole Miss. Sportswriter Grantland Rice called the group "the most durable football team I ever saw."[1] The road trip is recalled memorably with the Biblical allusion "...and on the seventh day they rested."[2]

Season overview

[edit]

Results and team statistics

[edit]
Conf. Rank Team Head coach Conf. record Win Pct. Overall record PPG PAG
1 (tie) Sewanee Billy Suter 11–0–0 1.000 12–0–0 26.8 0.8
1 (tie) Vanderbilt James Crane 5–0–0 1.000 7–2–0 12.1 4.8
1 (tie) Alabama W. A. Martin 1–0–0 1.000 3–1–0 9.7 7.7
4 Nashville C. E. Woodruff 4–1–0 .800 4–1–1
5 Tennessee J. A. Pierce 2–1–0 .667 6–2–0 10.7 7.6
6 Auburn John Heisman 2–1–1 .625 3–1–1 29.6 2.2
7 Texas Gordon Clarke 3–2–0 .600 6–2–0 14.6 3.0
8 North Carolina William Reynolds 1–1–0 .500 7–3–0 15.7 5.3
9 Ole Miss W. H. Lyon 3–4–0 .429 3–4–0 6.3 6.7
10 Georgia Gordon Saussy 2–3–1 .417 2–3–1 7.3 3.7
11 (tie) Clemson Walter Riggs 1–2–0 .333 4–2–0 18.2 8.3
11 (tie) Central (KY) 1–2–0 .333 1–2–0
13 LSU John Gregg 1–3–0 .250 1–4–0 7.6 25.2
14 (tie) Kentucky State W. R. Bass 0–1–0 .000 5–2–2 10.9 4.9
14 (tie) SW Presbyterian 0–1–0 .000 1–1–0 22.5 27
14 (tie) Cumberland (TN) E. D. Kuykendall 0–3–0 .000 0–3–0 0.0 40.3
14 (tie) Georgia Tech Cow Nalley 0–5–0 .000 0–6–0 0.8 31.0
14 (tie) Tulane Harris Collier 0–5–0 .000 0–6–1 0.0 20.1

Key PPG = Average of points scored per game
PAG = Average of points allowed per game

Regular season

[edit]
Index to colors and formatting
Non-conference matchup; SIAA member won
Non-conference matchup; SIAA member lost
Non-conference matchup; tie
Conference matchup

SIAA teams in bold.

Week One

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
October 6 Vanderbilt Cumberland Lebanon, TN VAN 32–0 [3]
October 7 Clemson Georgia Herty FieldAthens, GA UGA 11–0 [4]
October 7 Kentucky University Kentucky State Lexington, KY W 23–6 [5]
October 7 North Carolina A&M North Carolina Campus Athletic Field • Chapel Hill, NC W 34–0 [6]
October 11 King (TN) Tennessee Baldwin Park • Knoxville, TN W 11–5 [7]
October 12 Oak Ridge North Carolina Campus Athletic Field • Chapel Hill, NC W 16–0 [8]

Week Two

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
October 14 Mooney School SW Presbyterian Ball Park • Clarksville, TN W 45–0 [9]
October 14 Nashville Cumberland Lebanon, TN NASH 18–0
October 14 Miami (OH) Vanderbilt Dudley FieldNashville, TN W 12–0 [10]
October 14 Georgia Tech Auburn Drill Field • Auburn, AL AUB 63–0 [11]
October 14 Davidson Clemson Rock Hill, SC W 10–0 [12]
October 14 Guilford North Carolina Campus Athletic Field • Chapel Hill, NC W 45–0 [13]
October 18 Miami (OH) Kentucky State Lexington, KY W 18–5 [14]
October 18 Atlanta Athletic Club Georgia Tech Piedmont ParkAtlanta, GA L 0–2 [15]

Week Three

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
October 20 Cincinnati Vanderbilt Dudley Field • Nashville, TN L 6–0 [16]
October 21 Kentucky State Centre Danville, KY T 11–11 [17]
October 21 Bethel (KY) Nashville Normal College Field • Nashville, TN T 5–5 [18]
October 21 Texas Dallas Athletic Club Dallas, TX W 11–6 [19]
October 21 Tuscaloosa Athletic Club Alabama The QuadTuscaloosa, AL W 16–5
October 21 Montgomery Athletic Club Auburn Drill Field • Auburn, AL W 41–0 [20]
October 21 Sewanee Georgia Piedmont Park • Atlanta, GA SEW 12–0 [21]
October 21 Davidson North Carolina Latta ParkCharlotte, NC W 10–0 [22]
October 21 VPI Tennessee Baldwin Park • Knoxville, TN L 5–0 [23]
October 23 Sewanee Georgia Tech Piedmont Park • Atlanta, GA SEW 32–0 [24]
October 23 Horner's School North Carolina Campus Athletic Field • Chapel Hill, NC W 46–0

Week Four

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
October 27 Ole Miss Central (KY) Citizens' Park • Memphis, TN MISS 13–6 [25]
October 28 Nashville Ole Miss Oxford, MS NASH 11–0 [26]
October 28 Tennessee Sewanee Hardee FieldSewanee, TN SEW 46–0 [27]
October 28 Indiana Vanderbilt Dudley Field • Nashville, TN L 22–0 [28]
October 28 Clemson Auburn Drill Field • Auburn, AL AUB 34–0 [29]
October 28 Georgia Tech Georgia Herty Field • Athens, GA UGA 33–0 [30]
October 28 North Carolina North Carolina A&M Raleigh, NC T 11–11 [31]
October 31 San Antonio Texas Varsity Athletic FieldAustin, TX W 28–0 [32]
October 31 "Old" Maryland North Carolina Campus Athletic Field • Chapel Hill, NC W 6–0 [33]

Week Five

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
November 3 SW Presbyterian Sewanee Hardee Field • Sewanee, TN SEW 54–0 [34]
November 3 LSU Ole Miss Fairgrounds • Meridian, MS MISS 11–0 5,000 [35]
November 4 North Carolina Navy Worden FieldAnnapolis, MD L 0–12 [36]
November 4 Kentucky State Tennessee Baldwin Park • Knoxville, TN TENN 12–0 [37]
November 4 Ole Miss Vanderbilt Billings Park • Memphis, TN VAN 11–0 [38]
November 4 Texas A&M Texas San Antonio, TX W 6–0 [39]
November 8 North Carolina Princeton University FieldPrinceton, NJ L 0–30 [40]
November 9 Clemson South Carolina Columbia, SC W 34–0 [41]
November 9 Sewanee Texas Varsity Athletic Field • Austin, TX SEW 12–0 2,500 [42]

Week Six

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
November 10 Sewanee Texas A&M Herald ParkHouston, TX W 10–0 600 [43]
November 11 Sewanee Tulane Tulane Athletic Field • New Orleans, LA SEW 23–0 ~1,000 [44]
November 11 Central (KY) Kentucky State Lexington, KY CENT 5–0 [45]
November 11 Montgomery Athletic Club Alabama The Quad • Tuscaloosa, AL W 16–0 [46]
November 11 Georgia Tennessee Baldwin Park • Knoxville, TN TENN 5–0 [47]
November 11 Nashville Georgia Tech Piedmont Park • Atlanta, GA NASH 15–0 [48]
November 11 Bethel (TN) Vanderbilt Dudley Field • Nashville, TN W 22–0 [49]
November 13 Sewanee LSU State FieldBaton Rouge, LA SEW 34–0 2,000+ [50]
November 13 Sewanee Ole Miss Billings Park • Memphis, TN SEW 12–0 [51]

Week Seven

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
November 18 North Carolina A&M Clemson Rock Hill, SC W 24–0 [52]
November 18 Auburn Georgia Piedmont Park • Atlanta, GA T 0–0 [53]
November 18 Texas Vanderbilt Dudley Field • Nashville, TN VAN 6–0 [54]
November 18 SW Presbyterian Nashville Normal College Field • Nashville, TN NASH 39–0 [55]
November 20 Texas Tulane Tulane Athletic Field • New Orleans, LA TEX 11–0 [56]
November 20 Cumberland Sewanee Hardee Field • Sewanee, TN SEW 71–0 [57]
November 21 Washington and Lee Kentucky State Lexington, KY T 0–0 [58]
November 22 Washington and Lee Kentucky State Lexington, KY W 6–0 [59]
November 23 Washington and Lee Tennessee Baldwin Park • Knoxville, TN W 11–0 [60]

Week Eight

[edit]
Date Time Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
November 24 Alabama Ole Miss Driving Park • Jackson, MS ALA 7–5 600 [61]
November 25 Alabama New Orleans Athletic Club Athletic Park • New Orleans, LA L 21–0 [62]
November 25 Central (KY) Vanderbilt Dudley Field • Nashville, TN VAN 21–16 [63]
November 25 Tulane Texas Varsity Athletic Field • Austin, TX TEX 32–0 [64]
November 27 Tulane Texas A&M Herald Park • Houston, TX L 22–0 [65]
November 28 LSU Lake Charles High School Hoohoo Park • Lake Charles, LA W 48–0 [66][67]
November 30 2:50 p. m. Sewanee Auburn Riverside Park • Montgomery, AL SEW 11–10 [68]
November 30 Kentucky Alumni Kentucky State Lexington, KY W 6–5
November 30 Georgia Tech Clemson Greenville, SC CLEM 41–5
November 30 North Carolina Georgia Piedmont Park • Atlanta, GA UNC 5–0 3,000 [69]
November 30 LSU Texas Varsity Athletic Field • Austin, TX TEX 29–0 [70]
November 30 Ole Miss Tulane Tulane Athletic Field • New Orleans, LA MISS 15–0 [71]
November 30 Kentucky University Tennessee Baldwin Park • Knoxville, TN W 41–0 [72]
November 30 Nashville Vanderbilt Dudley Field • Nashville, TN VAN 5–0 4,000 [73]

Week Nine

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
December 2 North Carolina Sewanee Piedmont Park • Atlanta, GA SEW 5–0 2,000 [74]
December 2 LSU Texas A&M College Station, TX L 42–0 [75]

Week Ten

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
December 8 Tulane LSU State Field • Baton Rouge, LA LSU 38–0 [76]

Week Twelve

[edit]
Date Visiting team Home team Site Result Attendance Reference
December 25 Tennessee Grant Chattanooga, TN W 6–0 [77]

All-Southern team

[edit]

W. A. Lambeth's All-Southern team:

Position Name Team
QB Warbler Wilson Sewanee
HB Arthur Feagin Auburn
HB Harry Gerstle Virginia
FB Robert M. Coleman Virginia
E Bart Sims Sewanee
T W. Hamilton Georgia
G William Choice VPI
C Carlos A. Long Georgetown
G Wallace Crutchfield Vanderbilt
T John Loyd Virginia
E Herman Koehler North Carolina

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Grantland Rice". Reading Eagle. November 27, 1941.
  2. ^ Patrick Dorsey (September 23, 2011). "Sewanee, long-lost member of the SEC". Archived from the original on January 11, 2016.
  3. ^ "Cumberland University team defeated by the Vanderbilt team". Nashville Banner. October 7, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ "Georgia eleven defeated by the Clemson College boys". The Savannah Morning News. October 8, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ "Blue and White downs the Crimson". The Morning Herald. October 8, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ "First football game; University beats A. & M. College in a well played contest". The Morning Post. October 8, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ "Orange-White winning colors". The Journal and Tribune. October 12, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "Carolina defeats Oak Ridge in football". Asheville Daily Gazette. October 13, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "A walk-over for the S.W.P.U.'s, was the football game Saturday". Semi-Weekly Leaf-Chronicle. October 17, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "Vanderbilt 12, Miami 0". The Courier-Journal. October 15, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ "Auburn defeats the Techs". The Atlanta Constitution. October 15, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ "The score was 10 to 0 in Clemson's favor". The State. October 15, 1999. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ "Never touched Guilford; Carolina only scored 45 to Guilford's nothing". The News and Observer. October 15, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "State College 18, Miami 5". The Courier-Journal. October 19, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ "Athletic Club wins from Techs". The Atlanta Constitution. October 19, 1899.
  16. ^ "To Cincinnati comes victory". The Nashville American. October 22, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^ "Centre College 11, State College 11". The Courier-Journal. October 22, 1899. Retrieved April 28, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ "Rushing the pigskin; Bethel College and University of Nashville play football". Nashville Banner. October 23, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  19. ^ "Football leads to fight". Fort Worth Morning Register. October 22, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  20. ^ "Montgomery boys show up well". The Montgomery Advertiser. October 22, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  21. ^ "Purple triumphs over Athens". The Montgomery Advertiser. October 22, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  22. ^ "University defeats Davidson College by a close score". The Morning Post. October 22, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^ "U of T eleven lost to the Blacksburg team". The Journal and Tribune. October 22, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  24. ^ "Techs went down before Sewanee". The Atlanta Journal. October 24, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  25. ^ "Was a fierce game". The Commercial Appeal. October 28, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  26. ^ "Oxford beaten". The Commercial Appeal. October 29, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  27. ^ "University of the South defeated University of Tennessee by 51 to 0". The Knoxville Sentinel. October 30, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  28. ^ "Indiana wins; Vanderbilt University defeated by a score of 20 to 0". The Indianapolis News. October 31, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  29. ^ "Auburn keeps up her fast game". The Montgomery Advertiser. October 29, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  30. ^ "Techs defeated". The Macon Telegraph. October 29, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  31. ^ "A. & M. surprised". The Morning Post. October 29, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  32. ^ "The 'Varsity beat the visitors badly yesterday". Austin Daily Statesman. November 1, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  33. ^ "University of Maryland beaten". The Baltimore Sun. November 1, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  34. ^ "Another fifty-four points for Sewanee". The Montgomery Advertiser. November 4, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  35. ^ "Football—Mississippi defeated Louisiana in a great game at Meridian". The Commercial Appeal. November 2, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  36. ^ "Naval Cadets win". The Philadelphia Inquirer. November 5, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  37. ^ "Tennessee 12, State College 0". The Courier-Journal. November 5, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  38. ^ "Not a brilliant contest". The Commercial Appeal. November 5, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  39. ^ "The Agricultural boys were made to wilt by 'Varsity". Austin Daily Statesman. November 5, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  40. ^ "Princeton wins 30 to 0". The New York Times. November 9, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  41. ^ "Clemson did eat Carolina boys up". The State. November 10, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  42. ^ "Sewanee defeats University of Texas in spirited game". The Arkansas Gazette. November 10, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. ^ "Sewanee 10, A. and M. 0; The Cadets put up a hard game and bothered the visitors". Houston Daily Post. November 11, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  44. ^ "Olive still Blue but very hopeful". The Daily Picayune. November 12, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  45. ^ "State College team defeated by Central University by a score of 5 to 0". The Morning Herald. November 12, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  46. ^ "Montgomery boys' magnificent showing". The Montgomery Advertiser. November 12, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  47. ^ "Tennessee beats Georgia eleven". The Atlanta Constitution. November 12, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  48. ^ "Nashville leads Techs Merry Chase". The Montgomery Advertiser. November 12, 1899.
  49. ^ "Vanderbilt 22, Bethel College 0". The Commercial Appeal. November 12, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  50. ^ "Sewanee 34, Louisiana 0; Tennesseans en route to Memphis after defeating everything in the southwest". The Commercial Appeal. November 14, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  51. ^ "Sewanee downs Mississippi". Natchez Democrat. November 15, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  52. ^ "Clemson defeats the A and M, 24 to 0". The Charlotte Daily Observer. November 19, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  53. ^ "Auburn had game but darkness ended the football contest with University of Georgia". The Macon Telegraph. November 19, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  54. ^ "Texas up against it again". The Montgomery Advertiser. November 19, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  55. ^ "Nashville won; Her game with Sewanee for next Saturday has been cancelled". Nashville Banner. November 20, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  56. ^ "Tulane shut out; University of Texas men rolled up a score of eleven by hard work". The Commercial Appeal. November 21, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  57. ^ "Sewanee wins again". The Birmingham Age-Herald. November 21, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  58. ^ "Washington and Lee defeated". Lexington Gazette. November 22, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  59. ^ "Washington and Lee beaten". The Courier-Journal. November 23, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  60. ^ "Tennessee's victory". The Knoxville Sentinel. November 24, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  61. ^ "Alabama 7, Mississippi 5". The Times-Democrat. November 25, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  62. ^ "Southern Athletic eleven's debut: Defeating the University of Alabama's clever team". The Times-Picayune. November 26, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  63. ^ "Vanderbilt defeated Central University, score 21 to 16". The Journal and Tribune. November 26, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  64. ^ "The Varsity boys came out big winner in the game". Austin Daily Statesman. November 26, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  65. ^ "Texas A. and M. 22, Tulane 0". The Daily Picayune. November 28, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  66. ^ "State University to play Lake Charles". The Times-Democrat. November 28, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  67. ^ "State University 48, Lake Charles 0". The Times-Picayune. November 29, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  68. ^ W. R. Tichenor (December 1, 1899). "Sewanee Wins From Auburn". Atlanta Constitution. p. 3. Retrieved March 30, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  69. ^ "Georgia defeated by North Carolina". The Atlanta Journal. December 1, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  70. ^ "'Varsity vs. Baton Rouge; Texas boys won in the Austin game, 29 to 0". Fort Worth Morning Register. December 1, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  71. ^ "Mississippi's game; Tulane defeated by a score of 15 to 0". The Times-Democrat. December 1, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  72. ^ "Brilliant end of the season". The Journal and Tribune. December 1, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  73. ^ "Thanksgiving game on Dudley Field". The Nashville American. December 1, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  74. ^ "Sewanee is champion". The Times-Democrat. December 3, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  75. ^ "A. and M. College vs University of Louisiana won by the home team". Bryan-College Station Eagle. December 3, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  76. ^ "Louisiana University 38, Tulane 0". The Daily Picayune. December 9, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  77. ^ "Football at Chattanooga". Nashville Banner. December 26, 1899. Retrieved April 29, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.