Hyaenodonta
Appearance
Hyaenodonta | |
---|---|
![]() | |
skeleton of Tritemnodon agilis | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Clade: | Pan-Carnivora |
Order: | †Hyaenodonta Van Valen, 1967 |
Subgroups | |
| |
Synonyms | |
|
Hyaenodonta ("hyena teeth") is an extinct order of hypercarnivorous eutherian mammals,[3] originally classified along with the oxyaenids as part of Creodonta.[4] Hyaenodonts may have evolved in Africa in the Paleocene.[5]
Hyaenodonts differed from Carnivora in that they replaced their deciduous dentition slower in development than carnivorans.[6]
Classification and phylogeny
Taxonomy
- Order: †Hyaenodonta (Van Valen, 1967)
- Genus: †Eoproviverra (Solé, 2014)
- Genus: †Gazinocyon (Polly, 1996)
- Genus: †Parvagula (Lange-Badré, 1987)
- Genus: †Parvavorodon (Solé, 2014)
- Genus: †Pyrocyon (Gingerich & Deustch, 1989)
- (unranked): †Arfia clade
- Family: †Arfiidae (Solé, 2014)
- (unranked): †Galecyon clade
- Genus: †Galecyon (Gingerich & Deutsch, 1989)
- (unranked): †Indohyaenodon clade
- Genus: †Glibzegdouia (Crochet, 2001)
- Family: †Indohyaenodontidae (Solé, 2014)
- (unranked): †Lahimia clade
- Genus: †Boualitomus (Gheerbrant, 2006)
- Genus: †Lahimia (Solé, 2009)
- (unranked): †Sinopa clade
- Family: †Sinopidae (Solé, 2014)
- (unranked): †Tritemnodon clade
- Genus: †Tritemnodon (Matthew, 1906)
- Family: †Koholiidae (Crochet, 1988)
- Family: †Limnocyonidae (Wortman, 1902)
- Superfamily: †Hyaenodontoidea (Leidy, 1869)
- Family: †Hyaenodontidae (Leidy, 1869)
- Family: †Proviverridae (Schlosser, 1886)
- Superfamily: †Hyainailouridea (Borths, 2016)
- Family: †Hyainailouridae (paraphyletic family) (Pilgrim, 1932)
- Family: †Prionogalidae (Morales, 2008)
- Family: †Teratodontidae (Savage, 1965)
- †Hyaenodonta ichnotaxa:
- Ichnogenus: †Creodontipus (Santamaria, 1989)
- Ichnogenus: †Dischidodacylus (Sarjeant & Wilson, 1988)
- Ichnogenus: †Sarcotherichnus (Demathieu, 1984)
- Ichnogenus: †Zanclonychopus (Sarjeant & Langston, 1994)
- Ichnofamily: †Sarjeantipodidae (McCrea, Pemberton & Currie, 2004)
Phylogeny
The phylogenetic relationships of order Hyaenodonta are shown in the following cladogram:[7][6][8][9]
Ferae |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
†Hyainailouridea |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
••••••> |
References
- ^ Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2017). "The first hyaenodont from the late Oligocene Nsungwe Formation of Tanzania: Paleoecological insights into the Paleogene-Neogene carnivore transition". PLOS ONE. 12 (10): e0185301. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1285301B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185301. PMC 5636082. PMID 29020030.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Morlo, M.; Bastl, K.; Wenhao, W.; Schaal, S. F. (2014). "The first species of Sinopa (Hyaenodontida, Mammalia) from outside of North America: implications for the history of the genus in the Eocene of Asia and North America". Palaeontology. 57 (1): 111–125. doi:10.1111/pala.12052.
- ^ Solé, F.; Amson, E.; Borths, M.; Vidalenc, D.; Morlo, M.; Bastl, K. (2015-09-23). "A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)". PLoS ONE. 10 (9): e0135698. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135698. PMC 4580617. PMID 26398622.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Lambert, David and the Diagram Group (1985): The Field Guide to Prehistoric Life. Facts on File Publications, New York. ISBN 0-8160-1125-7
- ^ Solé, F.; Lhuillier, J.; Adaci, M.; Bensalah, M.; Mahboubi, M.; Tabuce, R. (2013-07-16). "The hyaenodontidans from the Gour Lazib area (?Early Eocene, Algeria): implications concerning the systematics and the origin of the Hyainailourinae and Teratodontinae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.795196.
- ^ a b Borths, Matthew R; Stevens, Nancy J (2017). "Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)". Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776.
- ^ Floréal Solé & Thierry Smith (2013.) "Dispersals of placental carnivorous mammals (Carnivoramorpha, Oxyaenodonta & Hyaenodontida) near the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: a climatic and almost worldwide story" Geologica Belgica 16/4: 254-261
- ^ Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). "Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222.
- ^ Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). "The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian". Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185–214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png)
Wikispecies has information related to Hyaenodonta.