Peter Masefield

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Sir Peter Masefield (19 March 1914 - 14 February 2006) was a leading figure in Britain's post war aviation industry, as Chief Executive of British European Airways in the 1950s, and chairman of the British Airports Authority in the 1960s.[1][2][3][4]

History

Peter Gordon Masefield was born in 1914 in Trentham, Staffordshire. Initially educated at Westminster School and Chillon College in Montreux, Switzerland, Masefield studied Engineering at Jesus College, Cambridge. Following a childhood fascination with aircraft, Masefield gained his pilot's licence while in Cambridge which he maintained for the rest of his career.[1]

In the 1940s, Masefield worked in a variety of aviation jobs, including as aviation correspondent for The Sunday Times. Turned down by the Royal Air Force as a pilot due to poor vision, Masefield worked instead for the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) as a co-pilot and air gunner - while maintaining his journalism career. A daylight raid on Le Bourget in 1943 led to the nose of his Flying Fortress being blown off, with a consequential crash landing in East Anglia - luckily without injury.[2]

Following a 1943 article by Masefield criticising the Ministry of Aircraft Production, Lord Beaverbrook removed him from active service, appointing him as his personal advisor and Secretary of the Brabazon Committee - which planned for post-war British civil aviation.[5] Masefield also accompanied Beaverbrook to Washington DC for talks that led to the creation of the International Civil Aviation Organization. Masefield also played a major part in the 1946 negotiations of the Bermuda Agreement - which governed air services and routes between the United States and the UK.[1][2][3][4]

British European Airways

In 1949, Lord Douglas, then-chairman of British European Airways (BEA) made Masefield chief executive, despite Masefield being aged just 35.[2] Controlling a large number of staff on a small budget, tight cost control measures were combined with innovative methods to boost revenue and passenger loads - such as off-peak fares on late evening flights and high frequency services on popular routes.[6] This commercially aggressive approach including resulted in monthly earnings of £1 million, and BEA was profitable by 1955.[7] Other successes included ordering the Vickers Viscount turboprop airliner - which became the leading short-haul aircraft in Europe by the mid-1950s[6] - and resisting the potential merger of British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) with BEA.[7][6]

After seven years, Masefield went to work for Bristol Aircraft, with the aim of Britain continuing as a major player in civil aviation. However, the introduction of the turboprop Bristol Britannia was late, and it could not compete with Boeing 707 jetliner and the start of the Jet Age.[2][4]

British Airports Authority

In 1965, Masefield was made chairman of the British Airports Authority (BAA) - which took over management of the major airports in the UK. Owing to the Jet Age, passenger numbers increased by 62% to 20 million a year, with profits of £38m.[1] However, Masefield disagreed with the government regarding plans for a proposed airport at Maplin Sands, and some politicians called for him to be dismissed.[8][9] Following this, a second five-year term running BAA was not forthcoming.[4]

Following this, Masefield had a variety of roles including deputy chairman at British Caledonian and president of the Royal Aeronautical Society.[4]

London Transport

Masefield joined the board of London Transport in 1973. In 1980, Sir Horace Cutler, leader of the Greater London Council asked Masefield to become chairman of London Transport,[10] a job he did for two years. During the period, investment on the London Underground was not substantial, which has been subsequently criticised.[1][3] Masefield retired from the role in 1982, aged 67.[11][12]

In the following years, Masefield remained active as a chairperson, director and committee member for a wide variety of trusts, committees and museums - including Brooklands Museum,[13] British Association of Aviation Consultants[14] and the Croydon Airport society.[3] He also became an author, writing a history of the R101 airship,[15] as well as an autobiography.[5]

Masefield was knighted in 1972.[16] He died on 14 February 2006, aged 91.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "Sir Peter Masefield". The Times. 16 February 2006. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ^ a b c d e "Obituaries - Sir Peter Masefield". The Telegraph. 17 February 2006. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ a b c d e "Obituaries - Sir Peter Masefield". The Independent. 23 February 2006. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b c d e "Obituary: Sir Peter Masefield". the Guardian. 2006-02-17. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b Masefield, Peter G., Sir. (2002). Flight path : the autobiography of Sir Peter Masefield. Gunston, Bill. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife. ISBN 1-84037-283-4. OCLC 50676884.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ a b c Classic Aircraft (Gone but not forgotten ... BEA means business), Vol. 45, No. 6, p. 47, Ian Allan Publishing, Hersham, June 2012
  7. ^ a b Woodley, C. (2006). The History of British European Airways. Casemate Publishers. p. 141. ISBN 978-1-84415-186-8.
  8. ^ "MAPLIN DEVELOPMENT BILL (Hansard, 17 October 1973)". api.parliament.uk. Retrieved 2021-02-04.
  9. ^ ""I only said I thought the ideal solution would be to sink Peter Masefield in the Thames Estuary and use him as a landing-strip!!" - Cartoon Gallery". www.original-political-cartoon.com. The Daily Express. 22 December 1970. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ Eccelstone, Jacob (13 August 1980). "Sir Peter at the wheel for London Transport". The Times. No. 60702. p. 2. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
  11. ^ "6.11.81 SIR PETER MASEFIELD RETIREMENT - YouTube". YouTube. Thames News. 6 November 1981. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ "Sir Peter Masefield". Who's Who. A & C Black/Oxford University Press. December 2007. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
  13. ^ "Our History - History of the Museum". Brooklands Museum. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "British Association of Aviation Consultants - History". British Association of Aviation Consultants. Retrieved 2021-02-04.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ^ Masefield, Peter G., Sir. (1982). To ride the storm : the story of the airship R.101. London: W. Kimber. ISBN 0-7183-0068-8. OCLC 22384989.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  16. ^ "New Year Honours 1971". The London Gazette. 31 December 1971. Retrieved 4 February 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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