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Tukaraq

Coordinates: 8°32′52″N 47°49′58″E / 8.54778°N 47.83278°E / 8.54778; 47.83278
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Tukaraq
Town
Tukaraq is located in Sool
Tukaraq
Tukaraq
Location in Somaliland
Tukaraq is located in Somalia
Tukaraq
Tukaraq
Tukaraq (Somalia)
Coordinates: 8°32′52″N 47°49′58″E / 8.54778°N 47.83278°E / 8.54778; 47.83278
Country Somaliland
RegionSool
DistrictLasanod
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)

Tukaraq is a small village in the eastern Sool region of Somaliland.[1] The town is located on the road between Las Anod and Garowe in Las Anod District.[2] Somaliland has had effective control there since 2018, but Puntland also has a territorial claim.

History

The name "Tukerak" appears in a book published in England in 1951, and its coordinates are given as 8°32′N 47°47′19″E[3], rather close to today's Las Anod.

In August 1997, a water project was also implemented in Tukaraq as part of UNICEF's "Las-Anod water project".[4]

Puntland military base

In October 2007, Somaliland forces entered Las Anod, previously controlled by Puntland, and the Puntland forces withdrew 50 kilometers east to Tukaraq without a fight.[5]: 68 

On May 30, 2011, Somaliland forces sortied from a base in Maraaga, 5 kilometers from the city of Las Anod, and engaged in battle with Puntland forces in the village of Higladda, 20 kilometers west of Tukaraq.[6] And SSC militiamen led by Ahmed Elmi Osman fought with Somaliland forces. Local residents said that both Somaliland and Puntland forces were killed, but the leaders of both forces denied it.[7]

In 2012, the SSC militia established a temporary customs office in Tukaraq.[8]

In April 2012, Khatumo State forces attacked a Somaliland military base outside Tukaraq, but were repulsed by Somaliland forces.[9]

In June 2012, Khatumo State forces captured Tukaraq, which was controlled by Puntland forces. A few days later, Somaliland forces withdrew the Khatumo forces, but they turned back to their stronghold in Las Anod. A few hours later, Puntland forces occupied Tukaraq.[7]: 10  It is said that on this occasion, the Somaliland forces received a large sum of money at Puntland's request and withdrew the Khatumo army.[5]: 107 

In November 2013, Puntland and Khatumo forces engaged in a battle in northern Tukaraq, which was won by Puntland forces.[5]: 114 

In December 2014, soldiers revolted after the Puntland government failed to pay soldiers facing Somaliland for four months and failed to supply them with oil and other supplies.[10]

In April 2015, the Puntland government sent a team including an obstetrician to Tukaraq.[11]

In May 2015, Puntland increased its forces in Tukaraq.[12]

Capture by Somaliland

Main article: Battle of Tukaraq

On 8 January 2018, Somaliland forces occupied Tukaraq after heavy fighting with Puntland forces.[13] This was ordered by the President of Somaliland immediately after the elections.[8]: 14  This successfully prevented Somaliland from getting goods from Bosaso in Puntland to Las Anod.[8]: 16  Puntland moved the customs location to Faliidhyaale, 25 kilometers east of Tukaraq.[8]: 21  The incident resulted in several deaths and nearly 15,000 displaced persons.[14]

In late January 2018, the Vice President of Somaliland visited Tukaraq.[15]

On 15 May 2018 intense increase in military activity occurred between rival Puntland and Somaliland armed forces in the surrounding area of Tukaraq. Both Somaliland and Puntland have accused the other of initiating the violence.[16][17]

On 24 May 2018 rival groups between Somaliland and Puntland, both participating in the ongoing conflict in the Sool region, released press statements claiming that the opposing side had launched a predawn offensive around 05:30 AM local time.[18][19] According to a 2022 USAID report, this is seen as the last full-scale battle between Somaliland and Puntland.[20]: 13 

In November 2018, The United Nations envoy to Somalia visited Puntland and Somaliland to explain to their respective presidents the need for a peaceful solution to the problems occurring in Tukaraq.[21]

In March 2020, the Vice President of Puntland visits the Puntland military base outside Tukaraq.[22]

In September 2022, the President of Somaliland visited Tukaraq.[23]

2023 Las Anod conflict

Main article: 2023 Las Anod conflict

In February 2023, Somaliland troops withdraw from Tukaraq.[24] They traveled west about 50 kilometers to a base outside of Las Anod.[25]

However, in March 2023, the Somalia news website Hiiraan Online introduced that "Tukaraq has been effectively controlled by Somaliland since 2018."[26]

In April 2023, SSC-Khatumo cut off traffic between Tukaraq and Gambadhe.[27]

In July 2023, Somaliland's Interior Minister Mohamed Kahin Ahmed accused the Puntland government of sending troops to Tukaraq.[28]

In August 2023, American conservative think tank Hudson Institute reported that the flags of Somalia, Puntland, and SSC are flying in the center of Tukaraq.[29]

Demographics

The town's main inhabitants belong to the Dhulbahante tribe of the Darod,[30] with the Ugadhyahan sub-clans of the Mohamoud Garad such as the Galool Oriye affiliated lineages of the Nur Ahmed and Wacays Abdulle, as well as with the sub-lineages belonging to the Naleye Ahmed are well represented.[31][32]

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Lifang (8 January 2018). "Somaliland forces take control of town from Somaliland in northern region". Xinhua News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  2. ^ "Pastoralists rely on hosts and aid to beat drought in Somalia". 23 February 2017.
  3. ^ John Anthony Hunt (1951). "A general survey of the Somaliland protectorate 1944-1950". Retrieved 2021-09-25.: 38 
  4. ^ "UNICEF Somalia Review July 1997". reliefweb.int. 1997-08-01. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  5. ^ a b c Markus Virgil Hoehne (2015). "Between Somaliland and Puntland" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  6. ^ "Dagaal ka dhacay duleedka Tukaraq, Sool; Gaadiid dagaal oo laga qabsaday ciidanka Somaliland". daljir.com. 2011-05-30. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  7. ^ a b United Nations (2012-08-22). "Report of the Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in Somalia, Shamsul Bari" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  8. ^ a b c d Ahmed M. Musa (2021). "Lasanod: City at the margins - Rift Valley Institute" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  9. ^ "Somaliland army vanquish surprise attack from militia". berberanews.net. 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  10. ^ "Somalia: Puntland Army troops mutiny over pays". garoweonline.com. 2014-12-05. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  11. ^ "Reaching out to the underserved in Somalia". unfpa.org. 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  12. ^ "Ciidamo uu hoggaaminayo Gen. Muxiyadiin oo Tukaraq u ruuqaansadey". garoweonline.com. 2015-05-05. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  13. ^ "Somalia: Somaliland forces take control of Tukaraq". garoweonline.com. 2018-01-08. Retrieved 2023-01-06.
  14. ^ Institute for Peace and Security Studies (2019). "Somalia: Conflict Insight". Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  15. ^ "Madaxweyne ku Xigeenka Somaliland Saylici oo Maanta Tagay Tukaraq". daljir.com. 2018-01-22. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  16. ^ "Somalia:Puntland, Somaliland forces clash outside Tukaraq". garoweonline.com. 2018-05-15. Retrieved 2021-12-01.
  17. ^ European Union Training Mission Somalia (2018-05-26). "PRESS SUMMARY" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  18. ^ "Somalia: Fighting between Puntland and Somaliland forces reignites in Tukaraq".
  19. ^ "Dozens killed in clashes between two Somali regions in land dispute". Reuters. 2018-05-25. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
  20. ^ USAID (March 2022). "FEED THE FUTURE SOMALIA CAMEL LEASING TO IMPACT RESILIENCE ACTIVITY" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  21. ^ "NEED FOR PEACEFUL RESOLUTION IN TUKARAQ AMONG TOPICS UN ENVOY DISCUSSED IN VISIT TO PUNTLAND AND SOMALILAND". unmissions.org. 2018-11-04. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  22. ^ "AXMED KARAASH OO BOOQDAY TUKARAQ OO ISKU HOR-FADHIYAAN CIIDAMADA PUNTLAND IYO SOMALILAND". puntlandpost.net. 2020-03-24. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  23. ^ "Madaxweyne Muuse Biixi oo booqday deegaanka Tukaraq". voasomali.com. 2022-09-19. Retrieved 2023-01-22.
  24. ^ "Somaliland military withdraws from Tukaraq near Las Anod". Garowe online. 2023-02-26. Retrieved 2023-09-02.
  25. ^ "Conflict in disputed Las Anod dims Somaliland's diplomatic dreams". AlJazeera. 2023-05-10. Retrieved 2023-09-02.
  26. ^ "Warabe calls for ceasefire and dialogue in Las Anod, declares Somaliland army won't leave Tukaraq". Hiiraan online. 2023-03-24. Retrieved 2023-09-02.
  27. ^ "GO'AANKII SSC-KHAATUMO KU JOOJISAY GANACSIGA SOMALILAND OO DHAQAN-GALAY". Puntland Post. 2023-04-19. Retrieved 2023-09-02.
  28. ^ "Somaliland oo sheegtay in dowlada Soomaaliya anay wax lug ah ku lahayn colaada Laascaanood". Hiiraan online. 2013-07-10. Retrieved 2023-09-02.
  29. ^ "Inside the Newest Conflict in Somalia's Long Civil War". Hudson Institute. 2023-08-07. Retrieved 2023-09-02.
  30. ^ Markus Virgil Hoehne (2015). "Between Somaliland and Puntland" (PDF). p. 92. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  31. ^ "Alla Bariga iyo Shirweynaha Beesha Bihina Dubbad Bihidarays Naaleeye Axmed Tukaraq". YouTube (in Somali). Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  32. ^ Taariikhdii daraawiishta iyo Sayid Maxamad Cabdille Xasan, PAGE 176, 2005
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