Bombus cullumanus
| Bombus cullumanus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Apidae |
| Genus: | Bombus |
| Subgenus: | Cullumanobombus |
| Species: | B. cullumanus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Bombus cullumanus | |
Bombus cullumanus, Cullum's bumblebee or Cullum's humble-bee. is a species of bumblebee found in Europe and Asia.[1]
Description
The females (queen and workers) are black with red tails and usually with yellow hairs intermixed with the black on the collar and scutellum. The male is black with yellow face, the two anterior terga (abdominal segments) pale and with a red tail.[2]
Distribution
The species was once found in southern England, southern Sweden, Denmark, north-western Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and northern France. Its distribution has diminished considerably, and it is restricted to the Massif Central and the Pyrenees.[3] Some scientists, however, claim that this species is conspecific with other, Asian bumblebees, as B. serrisquama and B. apollineus (B. cullumanus serrisquama and B. cullumanus apollineus, respectively, when considered subspecies of B. cullumanus).[4] The distribution for B. c. serrisquama is large but spotty; from the steppe of northern Spain over Hungary to the northern Altai and in the south the steppes of south-east Kazakhstan, eastern Uzbekistan, Tadzhikistan, Kirgiztan, and Afghanistan. Recently (1998), it has been found in north-eastern Turkey. B. c. apollineus is found in eastern Turkey, Transcaucasia and northern Iran.[3]
Ecology
This bumblebee is predominantly a grassland species;[2] the B. c. serrisquama subspecies, however, is a mountain bumblebee, living from 1,650 to 3,200 m (5,410 to 10,500 ft) above sea level.[5]
References
- ^ a b "Bombus cullumanus (Kirby, 1802)". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
- ^ a b Benton, Ted (2006). "Appendix 1: Species Considered Extinct in Britain". Bumblebees. London, UK: HarperCollins Publishers. p. 529. ISBN 0007174519.
- ^ a b Pierre Rasmont. "Bombus (Cullumanobombus) cullumanus (Kirby, 1802)". Université de Mons. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
- ^ Paul H. Williams; Alexandr Byvaltsev; Cory Sheffield; Pierre Rasmont (18 July 2012). "Bombus cullumanus – an extinct European bumblebee species?" (PDF). Apidologie. doi:10.1007/s13592-012-0161-x. Retrieved 20 January 2013.
- ^ Pierre Rasmont; A. Murat Aytekin; Osman Kaftanoğlu; Didier Flagothier (19 June 2009). "Bombus (Cullumanobombus) serrisquama Morawitz, 1888". Atlas Hymenoptera – Bombus of Turkey. Université de Mons. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
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