Tell Judaidah
  Shown within Turkey | |
| Alternative name | Tell al-Judaidah, Tell Judeideh |
|---|---|
| Location | Hatay province, Turkey |
| Region | Amuk valley |
| Coordinates | 36°16′03″N 36°35′12″E / 36.26750°N 36.58667°E |
| Type | Tumulus (Tell) |
Tell Judaidah (Tell al-Judaidah, Tell Judeideh) is an archaeological site in south-eastern Turkey, in the province of Hatay. It is one of the largest excavated ancient sites in the Amuq valley, in the plain of Antioch. Settlement at this site ranges from the Neolithic (6000 BC) through the Byzantine Period.
Excavations
The first excavations at Tell Judaidah began in the 1930s, conducted by the American archaeologist James Breasted of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.[1]
Excavations were continued by Robert Braidwood, and revealed the existence of human settlements in the Amuk valley in the Neolithic period as early as 6,000 BC. Rich discoveries of pottery helped to establish the sequence of successive ceramic shapes in the areas of the Eastern Mediterranean.[2]
Archaeological discoveries at Tell Judaidah included crucibles with tin rich copper encrustations, indicating a very early use of advanced metallurgical techniques around 4500 BC, including the use of metal alloys.[3]
Excavations in 1995 revealed the remains of a thick (1.5 m) wall of mud bricks on stone foundations, dating to the fourth millennium BC.
Very early bronze statuettes were discovered here dating to the period of 3400-2750 BC. These are known as 'Amuq G figurines'. 'Wheel-made Plain Simple Ware' was also discovered dating to the same Amuq G period.[4]
Tell Dhahab
Tell Dhahab is located in near proximity to Tell Judaidah and is associated with it. It was excavated in 1938 in conjunction with the original Chicago expedition to Tell Judaidah. In recent decades, the site sustained serious damage. Scott Branting visited and evaluated the site in 1995 and 1998 seasons. Distinct stratigraphic phases were observed starting with Amuq Phase A. The following pottery styles were found,
- Dark Faced Burnished Ware
- Washed Impressed Ware
- Plain Simple Ware
- Reserved Slip Ware
Red Black Burnished Ware appeared in Amuq Phase H.[5]
Sources
- Polish Wikipedia
See also
Notes
- ^ K. Aslihan Yener, The Amuq Valley Regional Project 1995-98, American Journal of Archaeology, v. 104, #2, 2000, p. 163.
- ^ Simone Mantellini, Regional approach and archaeological survey in Norther Syria. An overview, in: Ebla and its landscape. Early state formation in the ancient Near East, Paolo Matthiae i Nicolo Marchetti, eds. 2013, p. 240.
- ^ Nancy H. Demand, The Mediterranean Context of Early Greek History, 2011.
- ^ Excavations at Tell Judaidah, Winter 1996 The Oriental Institute of The University of Chicago
- ^ THE 1998 AMUQ VALLEY REGIONAL PROJECT SURVEY utoronto.ca
Bibliography
- Excavations at Tell Judaidah, The Oriental Institute, University of Chicago
- R. C. Haines, Excavations in the Plain of Antioch, Vol. II: The Structural Remains of the Later Phases: Chatal Hüyük, Tell Al-Judaidah, and Tell Tayinat, Oriental Institute Publication 95, University of Chicago Press, 1970, ISBN 0-226-62198-7
External links
- [1] Tell Judaidah (Neolithic to Byzantine Periods)
- Oriental Institute, Chicago: Amuq survey and related projects
- Tell Judeideh and Çatal Hüyük Palestine Exploration Fund
- Bryn Mawr College Website - Dark Faced Burnished Ware from Tell Judaidah