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RechargeIT

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RechargeIT plug-in hybrids converted Toyota Prius at Google's Mountain View campus.

RechargeIT is one of five initiatives within Google.org, the charitable arm of Google, created with the aim to reduce CO2 emissions, cut oil use, and stabilize the electrical grid by accelerating the adoption of plug-in electric vehicles.[1]

History

RechargeIT charging stations available in the garage designated for converted plug-in hybrids at Google's Mountain View campus.

The RechargeIT initiative was unveiled in June 2007. As part of the program Google.org awarded US$1 million in grants and announced plans for a US$10 million request for proposals to fund development, adoption and commercialization of plug-in hybrids, fully electric cars and related vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology.[2][3] As part of the program Google established a partnership with Pacific Gas and Electric Co. to develop software for energy management.[2]

Together with the announcement of the initiative, Google also announced that it had switched on the solar panel installation at its Mountain View, California headquarters in order to help the company reduce its environmental footprint and also to power its plug-ins with clean solar electricity. At 1.6 megawatts the project became the largest solar installation at that time on any corporate campus in the U.S. and one of the largest on any corporate site in the world.[2][3]

The actual rollout of the initiative took place in January 2008.[4]

Google's carsharing program

By early 2010 Google's Mountain View campus had 100 available charging stations for its share-use fleet of converted plug-in hybrids available to its employees through a free carsharing program and for those employees who drive to work in their Tesla Roadster (2008) electric cars.[5][6] Solar panels are used to generate the electricity, and this pilot program is being monitored on a daily basis and performance results are published on RechargeIT's website.[6]

Driving experiment

In addition to the data collected for two years when the converted plug-ins were driven by Google employees, RechargeIT set up a controlled test using three conventional gasoline vehicles, two regular hybrids and two plug-in converted Ford Escape Hybrid and Toyota Prius. The results of the seven-week driving experiment for the converted Prius plug-in showed an average fuel economy of 93.5 miles per US gallon (2.52 L/100 km; 112.3 mpg‑imp) across all trips, and 115.1 miles per US gallon (2.044 L/100 km; 138.2 mpg‑imp) for city trips, the maximum reached for any of the driving conditions tested.[1][6] A summary of the results of the seven-week driving experiment are the following

RechargeIT Driving Experiment results
Average miles per gallon[6]
Internal combustion engine Hybrid electric Converted Plug-in hybrid
Type of trip Ford Expedition Toyota Sienna Toyota Corolla Ford Escape Hybrid Toyota Prius Ford Escape Hybrid
plug-in		 Toyota Prius
plug-in
Average for all trips 14.2 20.3 30.8 32.2 48.4 49.1 93.5
Average for city trips 11.8 17.8 26.6 31.2 47.3 45.9 115.1
Average for combine city/highway 14.9 20.4 31.4 31.6 46.4 52.0 101.9
Average for highway trips 18.6 25.2 39.0 34.4 53.1 51.1 68.7

GFleet and employee shuttles

Cleaning of solar panels used to power the car ports at Googleplex.

In order to reduce the carbon footprint of its employees' commute and based on the results of the RechargeIT pilot, the company expanded its corporate carsharing program to create Google GFleet and also introduced shuttle buses powered with biodiesel. In addition, more charging stations were deployed at the Googleplex for employees owning plug-in electric vehicles.[7][8]

The initial GFleet was made of the converted plug-in hybrids from the RechargeIT initiative, and by mid-2011 Nissan Leafs and Chevrolet Volts were added, expanding the carsharing corporate fleet to more than 30 plug-in electric vehicles. In December 2011, the first production Ford Focus Electric was delivered to Google and incorporated into the GFleet.[9][10] By early 2012, Honda Fit EVs and Mitsubishi i-MiEVs have also been added to the GFleet.[11][12] The Fit EV was incorporated as part of Honda's field testing program of its upcoming electric car. Through the partnership Google will analyze the vehicle environmental performance including CO2 reduction, energy consumption and overall energy cost.[12][13]

Employees who use the biodiesel shuttle system to commute to work at Mountain View, have the GFleet vehicles available for their errands, off-site meetings, and emergencies. Employees can also use GBikes, Google's on-campus bike fleet. As of June 2011, a total of 71 Level 2 chargers were added to the existing 150 Level 1 chargers, bringing the Googleplex total capacity to more than 200 chargers, and another 250 new ones are scheduled to be installed. Google's goal is to electrify 5 percent of the parking spaces—all over campus, free of charge to its employees.[7][8][14]

Daily, up to a third of Bay Area employees take the shuttle to work. The corporate coach fleet exceeds the United States Environmental Protection Agency's 2010 bus emission standards. The buses run on 5% biodiesel and are fitted with filtration systems that eliminate many harmful emissions, including nitrogen oxide. Google is testing solar panels on some to power air circulation, so that shuttles can turn off their engines while they wait for passengers, thus reducing fuel use and emissions.[7][8] As of mid-2011, Google estimated that its Gfleet and biodiesel shuttle system resulted in net annual savings of more than 5,400 tonnes of CO2, the equivalent of taking over 2,000 cars per day off the road, or avoiding 14 million vehicle miles every year.[7][14]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "RechargeIT.org: A Google.org Project". Google.org. Archived from the original on 2010-12-09. Retrieved 2010-14-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  2. ^ a b c David Lazarus (2007-06-20). "Google's future is green". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  3. ^ a b "Google Launches RechargeIT: 100+ PHEVs, $1M Grants, $10M Investments". CalCars. 2007-06-19. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  4. ^ "Google.org Announces Core Initiatives to Combat Climate Change, Poverty and Emerging Threats". The Business Edition. 2008-01-19. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  5. ^ Todd Woody and Clifford Krauss (2010-02-14). "Cities Prepare for Life With the Electric Car". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-07.
  6. ^ a b c d RechargeIT Driving Experiment Archived 2008-07-23 at the Wayback Machine - RechargeIT is a program sponsored by Google.org, a non-profit created by Google.
  7. ^ a b c d Google introduces its G Fleet of Electric Vehicles. Google. YouTube. 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2012-01-08.
  8. ^ a b c Google. "Can we commute carbon free?". Google green. Retrieved 2012-01-08. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  9. ^ Michael Gorman (2012-01-03). "First Ford Focus Electric rolls off the production line into Google's open arms". Engadget.com (AOL). Retrieved 2012-01-06.
  10. ^ Nikki Gordon-Bloomfield (2012-01-06). "Five Reasons Why Google Gets Plug-in Cars Before You Do". Green Car Reports. Retrieved 2012-01-08.
  11. ^ Danny King (2012-03-15). "Mitsubishi ships first fleet EVs to Google and IGO car-sharing service". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2012-03-17.
  12. ^ a b Danny King (2012-02-13). "Honda sends more Fit EVs to Google, Stanford University for testing". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2012-03-17.
  13. ^ Josie Garthwaite (2010-11-21). "Google's GFleet To Provide Testing Ground for Electric Cars". earth2tech. Retrieved 2012-01-08.
  14. ^ a b Rolf Schreiber (2011-06-09). "Leading the charge toward an electric vehicle fleet". Google. Retrieved 2012-01-08.
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