RBMX
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBMX gene.[5][6][7]
Function
This gene belongs to the RBMY gene family which includes candidate Y chromosome spermatogenesis genes. This gene, an active X chromosome homolog of the Y chromosome RBMY gene, is widely expressed whereas the RBMY gene evolved a male-specific function in spermatogenesis. Pseudogenes of this gene, found on chromosomes 1, 4, 9, 11, and 6, were likely derived by retrotransposition from the original gene. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified but their biological nature has not been determined.[7]
Interactions
RBMX has been shown to interact with SFRS10[8] and CDC5L.[9]
Model organisms
Model organisms have been used in the study of RBMX function. A conditional knockout mouse line called Rbmxtm2b(KOMP)Wtsi was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.[10] Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen[11] to determine the effects of deletion.[12][13][14][15] Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping[16]
| Characteristic | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| All data available at.[11][16] | |
| Peripheral blood leukocytes 6 Weeks | Normal |
| Insulin | Normal |
| Haematology 6 Weeks | Normal |
| Homozygous viability at P14 | Normal |
| Homozygous Fertility | Normal |
| Body weight | Abnormal |
| Neurological assessment | Normal |
| Grip strength | Normal |
| Dysmorphology | Normal |
| Indirect calorimetry | Normal |
| Glucose tolerance test | Normal |
| Auditory brainstem response | Normal |
| DEXA | Normal |
| Radiography | Normal |
| Eye morphology | Normal |
| Clinical chemistry | Normal |
| Haematology 16 Weeks | Normal |
| Peripheral blood leukocytes 16 Weeks | Normal |
| Heart weight | Normal |
| Salmonella infection | Normal |
| Cytotoxic T Cell Function | Normal |
| Spleen Immunophenotyping | Normal |
| Mesenteric Lymph Node Immunophenotyping | Normal |
| Bone Marrow Immunophenotyping | Normal |
| Epidermal Immune Composition | Normal |
| Trichuris Challenge | Normal |
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147274 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031134 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Delbridge ML, Lingenfelter PA, Disteche CM, Graves JA (Jul 1999). "The candidate spermatogenesis gene RBMY has a homologue on the human X chromosome". Nature Genetics. 22 (3): 223–4. doi:10.1038/10279. PMID 10391206.
- ^ Mazeyrat S, Saut N, Mattei MG, Mitchell MJ (Jul 1999). "RBMY evolved on the Y chromosome from a ubiquitously transcribed X-Y identical gene". Nature Genetics. 22 (3): 224–6. doi:10.1038/10282. PMID 10391207.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: RBMX RNA binding motif protein, X-linked".
- ^ Hofmann Y, Wirth B (Aug 2002). "hnRNP-G promotes exon 7 inclusion of survival motor neuron (SMN) via direct interaction with Htra2-beta1". Human Molecular Genetics. 11 (17): 2037–49. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.17.2037. PMID 12165565.
- ^ Ajuh P, Kuster B, Panov K, Zomerdijk JC, Mann M, Lamond AI (Dec 2000). "Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex and identification of its components by mass spectrometry". The EMBO Journal. 19 (23): 6569–81. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.23.6569. PMC 305846. PMID 11101529.
- ^ Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
- ^ a b "International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium".
- ^ Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
- ^ Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
- ^ Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
- ^ White JK, Gerdin AK, Karp NA, Ryder E, Buljan M, Bussell JN, Salisbury J, Clare S, Ingham NJ, Podrini C, Houghton R, Estabel J, Bottomley JR, Melvin DG, Sunter D, Adams NC, Tannahill D, Logan DW, Macarthur DG, Flint J, Mahajan VB, Tsang SH, Smyth I, Watt FM, Skarnes WC, Dougan G, Adams DJ, Ramirez-Solis R, Bradley A, Steel KP (Jul 2013). "Genome-wide generation and systematic phenotyping of knockout mice reveals new roles for many genes". Cell. 154 (2): 452–64. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.022. PMC 3717207. PMID 23870131.
- ^ a b "Infection and Immunity Immunophenotyping (3i) Consortium".
Further reading
- Le Coniat M, Soulard M, Della Valle V, Larsen CJ, Berger R (Mar 1992). "Localization of the human gene encoding heterogeneous nuclear RNA ribonucleoprotein G (hnRNP-G) to chromosome 6p12". Human Genetics. 88 (5): 593–5. doi:10.1007/bf00219352. PMID 1551662.
- Soulard M, Della Valle V, Siomi MC, Piñol-Roma S, Codogno P, Bauvy C, Bellini M, Lacroix JC, Monod G, Dreyfuss G (Sep 1993). "hnRNP G: sequence and characterization of a glycosylated RNA-binding protein". Nucleic Acids Research. 21 (18): 4210–7. doi:10.1093/nar/21.18.4210. PMC 310052. PMID 7692398.
- Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, Bonaldo MF, Chiapelli B, Chissoe S, Dietrich N, DuBuque T, Favello A, Gish W, Hawkins M, Hultman M, Kucaba T, Lacy M, Le M, Le N, Mardis E, Moore B, Morris M, Parsons J, Prange C, Rifkin L, Rohlfing T, Schellenberg K, Bento Soares M, Tan F, Thierry-Meg J, Trevaskis E, Underwood K, Wohldman P, Waterston R, Wilson R, Marra M (Sep 1996). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags". Genome Research. 6 (9): 807–28. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.807. PMID 8889549.
- Venables JP, Vernet C, Chew SL, Elliott DJ, Cowmeadow RB, Wu J, Cooke HJ, Artzt K, Eperon IC (Jun 1999). "T-STAR/ETOILE: a novel relative of SAM68 that interacts with an RNA-binding protein implicated in spermatogenesis". Human Molecular Genetics. 8 (6): 959–69. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.6.959. PMID 10332027.
- Venables JP, Elliott DJ, Makarova OV, Makarov EM, Cooke HJ, Eperon IC (Mar 2000). "RBMY, a probable human spermatogenesis factor, and other hnRNP G proteins interact with Tra2beta and affect splicing". Human Molecular Genetics. 9 (5): 685–94. doi:10.1093/hmg/9.5.685. PMID 10749975.
- Ajuh P, Kuster B, Panov K, Zomerdijk JC, Mann M, Lamond AI (Dec 2000). "Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex and identification of its components by mass spectrometry". The EMBO Journal. 19 (23): 6569–81. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.23.6569. PMC 305846. PMID 11101529.
- Lingenfelter PA, Delbridge ML, Thomas S, Hoekstra HE, Mitchell MJ, Graves JA, Disteche CM (Jul 2001). "Expression and conservation of processed copies of the RBMX gene". Mammalian Genome. 12 (7): 538–45. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.721.2504. doi:10.1007/s00335001-0003-z. PMID 11420617.
- Jurica MS, Licklider LJ, Gygi SR, Grigorieff N, Moore MJ (Apr 2002). "Purification and characterization of native spliceosomes suitable for three-dimensional structural analysis". RNA. 8 (4): 426–39. doi:10.1017/S1355838202021088. PMC 1370266. PMID 11991638.
- Hofmann Y, Wirth B (Aug 2002). "hnRNP-G promotes exon 7 inclusion of survival motor neuron (SMN) via direct interaction with Htra2-beta1". Human Molecular Genetics. 11 (17): 2037–49. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.17.2037. PMID 12165565.
- Angenstein F, Evans AM, Settlage RE, Moran ST, Ling SC, Klintsova AY, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, Greenough WT (Oct 2002). "A receptor for activated C kinase is part of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes associated with polyA-mRNAs in neurons". The Journal of Neuroscience. 22 (20): 8827–37. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-20-08827.2002. PMID 12388589.
- Li J, Hawkins IC, Harvey CD, Jennings JL, Link AJ, Patton JG (Nov 2003). "Regulation of alternative splicing by SRrp86 and its interacting proteins". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 23 (21): 7437–47. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.21.7437-7447.2003. PMC 207616. PMID 14559993.
- Brill LM, Salomon AR, Ficarro SB, Mukherji M, Stettler-Gill M, Peters EC (May 2004). "Robust phosphoproteomic profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from human T cells using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry". Analytical Chemistry. 76 (10): 2763–72. doi:10.1021/ac035352d. PMID 15144186.
- Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP (Aug 2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (33): 12130–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935.
- Ong SE, Mittler G, Mann M (Nov 2004). "Identifying and quantifying in vivo methylation sites by heavy methyl SILAC". Nature Methods. 1 (2): 119–26. doi:10.1038/nmeth715. PMID 15782174.