GDI1

GDI1
Identifiers
Aliases	GDI1, 1A, GDIL, MRX41, MRX48, OPHN2, RABGD1A, RABGDIA, XAP-4, GDP dissociation inhibitor 1, XLID41
External IDs	OMIM: 300104; MGI: 99846; HomoloGene: 37487; GeneCards: GDI1; OMA:GDI1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human) Band Xq28 Start 154,436,913 bp End 154,443,467 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. X chromosome (mouse) Band X A7.3|X 37.97 cM Start 73,348,604 bp End 73,355,468 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right hemisphere of cerebellum right frontal lobe prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 9 ganglionic eminence cingulate gyrus anterior cingulate cortex parietal lobe postcentral gyrus nucleus accumbens Top expressed in dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell Region I of hippocampus proper primary visual cortex cerebellar cortex medial dorsal nucleus superior frontal gyrus paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus subiculum dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus ventromedial nucleus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity GTPase activator activity protein binding GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol Golgi apparatus myelin sheath midbody neuron projection axon soma protein-containing complex Biological process Rab protein signal transduction response to calcium ion positive regulation of GTPase activity negative regulation of axonogenesis negative regulation of protein targeting to membrane protein transport regulation of catalytic activity regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction signal transduction small GTPase mediated signal transduction positive regulation of axon extension vesicle-mediated transport Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2664 14567 Ensembl ENSG00000203879 ENSMUSG00000015291 UniProt P31150 P50396 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001493 NM_010273 RefSeq (protein) NP_001484 NP_034403 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 154.44 – 154.44 Mb Chr X: 73.35 – 73.36 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Rab GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GDI1 gene.

Function

GDP dissociation inhibitors are proteins that regulate the GDP-GTP exchange reaction of members of the rab family, small GTP-binding proteins of the ras superfamily, that are involved in vesicular trafficking of molecules between cellular organelles. GDIs slow the rate of dissociation of GDP from rab proteins and release GDP from membrane-bound rabs. GDI1 is expressed primarily in neural and sensory tissues. Mutations in GDI1 have been linked to X-linked nonspecific mental retardation.

Rab GTPases cycles between the cytosolic compartment, where it is bound to a protein called GDI (GDP Dissociation Inhibitor), and the membrane, where it interacts with a receptor, a nucleotide exchange factor, a GAP (GTPase Activating Protein) and probably other factors that link it to the appropriate SNARE. GDI is non-specific with respect to the rab it binds. However, the exchanger, receptor and GAP, are rab specific.

Interactions

GDI1 has been shown to interact with CDC42.

Further reading

• Calinisan V, Gravem D, Chen RP, Brittin S, Mohandas N, Lecomte MC, Gascard P (2006). "New insights into potential functions for the protein 4.1 superfamily of proteins in kidney epithelium". Front. Biosci. 11: 1646–66. doi:10.2741/1911. PMID 16368544.
• Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, Gesser B, Celis JE, Vandekerckhove J (1992). "Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes". Electrophoresis. 13 (12): 960–9. doi:10.1002/elps.11501301199. PMID 1286667.
• Matsui Y, Kikuchi A, Araki S, Hata Y, Kondo J, Teranishi Y, Takai Y (1990). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of regulatory protein (GDI) for smg p25A, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein". Mol. Cell. Biol. 10 (8): 4116–22. doi:10.1128/mcb.10.8.4116. PMC 360933. PMID 2115118.
• Shisheva A, Südhof TC, Czech MP (1994). "Cloning, characterization, and expression of a novel GDP dissociation inhibitor isoform from skeletal muscle". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (5): 3459–68. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.5.3459. PMC 358710. PMID 7513052.
• Nishimura N, Goji J, Nakamura H, Orita S, Takai Y, Sano K (1995). "Cloning of a brain-type isoform of human Rab GDI and its expression in human neuroblastoma cell lines and tumor specimens". Cancer Res. 55 (22): 5445–50. PMID 7585614.
• Shapiro AD, Pfeffer SR (1995). "Quantitative analysis of the interactions between prenyl Rab9, GDP dissociation inhibitor-alpha, and guanine nucleotides". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (19): 11085–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.19.11085. PMID 7744738.
• Beranger F, Cadwallader K, Porfiri E, Powers S, Evans T, de Gunzburg J, Hancock JF (1994). "Determination of structural requirements for the interaction of Rab6 with RabGDI and Rab geranylgeranyltransferase". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (18): 13637–43. PMID 8175798.
• Sedlacek Z, Korn B, Konecki DS, Siebenhaar R, Coy JF, Kioschis P, Poustka A (1993). "Construction of a transcription map of a 300 kb region around the human G6PD locus by direct cDNA selection". Hum. Mol. Genet. 2 (11): 1865–9. doi:10.1093/hmg/2.11.1865. PMID 8281148.
• Hancock JF, Hall A (1993). "A novel role for RhoGDI as an inhibitor of GAP proteins". EMBO J. 12 (5): 1915–21. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb05840.x. PMC 413412. PMID 8491184.
• Chen EY, Zollo M, Mazzarella R, Ciccodicola A, Chen CN, Zuo L, Heiner C, Burough F, Repetto M, Schlessinger D, D'Urso M (1996). "Long-range sequence analysis in Xq28: thirteen known and six candidate genes in 219.4 kb of high GC DNA between the RCP/GCP and G6PD loci". Hum. Mol. Genet. 5 (5): 659–68. doi:10.1093/hmg/5.5.659. PMID 8733135.
• Hamel BC, Kremer H, Wesby-van Swaay E, van den Helm B, Smits AP, Oostra BA, Ropers HH, Mariman EC (1996). "A gene for nonspecific X-linked mental retardation (MRX41) is located in the distal segment of Xq28". Am. J. Med. Genet. 64 (1): 131–3. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19960712)64:1<131::AID-AJMG22>3.0.CO;2-N. hdl:2066/23576. PMID 8826463.
• Wilson AL, Sheridan KM, Erdman RA, Maltese WA (1996). "Prenylation of a Rab1B mutant with altered GTPase activity is impaired in cell-free systems but not in intact mammalian cells". Biochem. J. 318 (3): 1007–14. doi:10.1042/bj3181007. PMC 1217717. PMID 8836150.
• des Portes V, Billuart P, Carrié A, Bachner L, Bienvenu T, Vinet MC, Beldjord C, Ponsot G, Kahn A, Boué J, Chelly J (1997). "A gene for dominant nonspecific X-linked mental retardation is located in Xq28". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 60 (4): 903–9. PMC 1712488. PMID 9106537.
• Gorvel JP, Chang TC, Boretto J, Azuma T, Chavrier P (1998). "Differential properties of D4/LyGDI versus RhoGDI: phosphorylation and rho GTPase selectivity". FEBS Lett. 422 (2): 269–73. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00020-9. PMID 9490022.
• D'Adamo P, Menegon A, Lo Nigro C, Grasso M, Gulisano M, Tamanini F, Bienvenu T, Gedeon AK, Oostra B, Wu SK, Tandon A, Valtorta F, Balch WE, Chelly J, Toniolo D (1998). "Mutations in GDI1 are responsible for X-linked non-specific mental retardation". Nat. Genet. 19 (2): 134–9. doi:10.1038/487. PMID 9620768.
• Bienvenu T, des Portes V, Saint Martin A, McDonell N, Billuart P, Carrié A, Vinet MC, Couvert P, Toniolo D, Ropers HH, Moraine C, van Bokhoven H, Fryns JP, Kahn A, Beldjord C, Chelly J (1998). "Non-specific X-linked semidominant mental retardation by mutations in a Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor". Hum. Mol. Genet. 7 (8): 1311–5. doi:10.1093/hmg/7.8.1311. PMID 9668174.
• Wan M, Francke U (1998). "Evaluation of two X chromosomal candidate genes for Rett syndrome: glutamate dehydrogenase-2 (GLUD2) and rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor (GDI1)". Am. J. Med. Genet. 78 (2): 169–72. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19980630)78:2<169::AID-AJMG14>3.0.CO;2-L. PMID 9674910.
• Hutt DM, Da-Silva LF, Chang LH, Prosser DC, Ngsee JK (2000). "PRA1 inhibits the extraction of membrane-bound rab GTPase by GDI1". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (24): 18511–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M909309199. PMID 10751420.