Psenulus
| Psenulus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Psenulus fuscipennis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Superfamily: | Apoidea |
| Family: | Psenidae |
| Genus: | Psenulus Kohl, 1897 |
| Type species | |
| Psenulus fuscipennis (Dahlbohm, 1843)
| |
Psenulus is a genus of wasps in the family Crabronidae. The 160 species are found worldwide, but are best represented in the Indomalayan realm with 68. The Palearctic has 26, the Nearctic 4, and the Australasian realm 3. Psenulus is largely absent from South America (1 species) and entirely absent from Melanesia and Polynesia.[1] A recent phylogenetic analysis provided strong evidence that this genus is the closest living relative to bees.[2]
Species (Europa)
- Psenulus berlandi Beaumont 1937
- Psenulus concolor (Dahlbom 1843)
- Psenulus cypriacus van Lith 1973
- Psenulus fulvicornis (Schenck 1857)
- Psenulus fuscipennis (Dahlbom 1843)
- Psenulus hidalgo Guichard 1990
- Psenulus laevigatus (Schenck 1857)
- Psenulus meridionalis Beaumont 1937
- Psenulus pallipes (Panzer 1798)
- Psenulus schencki (Tournier 1889)
References
- ^ California Academy of Sciences Institute of Biodiversity pdf
- ^ Peters, Ralph S.; Krogmann, Lars; Mayer, Christoph; Donath, Alexander; Gunkel, Simon; Meusemann, Karen; Kozlov, Alexey; Podsiadlowski, Lars; Petersen, Malte; Lanfear, Robert; Diez, Patricia A.; Heraty, John; Kjer, Karl M.; Klopfstein, Seraina; Meier, Rudolf; Polidori, Carlo; Schmitt, Thomas; Liu, Shanlin; Zhou, Xin; Wappler, Torsten; Rust, Jes; Misof, Bernhard; Niehuis, Oliver (2017). "Evolutionary History of the Hymenoptera". Current Biology. 27 (7): 1013–1018. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.027. PMID 28343967.
External links
- Psenulus images at Consortium for the Barcode of Life
- Catalog of Sphecidae California Academy of Sciences Institute of Biodiversity
- Matthews, Robert W (2000). "Nesting biology of the stem-nesting wasp Psenulus interstitialis Cameron (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Pemphredoninae) on Magnetic Island, Queensland". Australian Journal of Entomology. 39 (1): 25–8. doi:10.1046/j.1440-6055.2000.00140.x.
- Yang, Hyeon-Woo; Kim, Jeong-Kyu (2010). "New Record of Psenulus carinifrons iwatai (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Pemphredoninae) in Korea". Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity. 26 (3): 361–3. doi:10.5635/KJSZ.2010.26.3.361.