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Glatton

Coordinates: 52°27′36″N 0°18′07″W / 52.460°N 0.302°W / 52.460; -0.302
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For the Glatton meteorite of 1991, see meteorite falls.

Glatton
Glatton is located in Cambridgeshire
Glatton
Glatton
Location within Cambridgeshire
Population308 (2011)[1]
OS grid referenceTL154860
Civil parish
  • Glatton
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townHUNTINGDON
Postcode districtPE28
Dialling code01487
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Cambridgeshire
52°27′36″N 0°18′07″W / 52.460°N 0.302°W / 52.460; -0.302
Signpost in Glatton

Glatton is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England,[2] some 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Peterborough, near the villages of Conington, Yaxley and Stilton. It lies in the non-metropolitan district of Huntingdonshire, which is part of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county. A World War II airfield (RAF Glatton) built nearby is now known as Peterborough's Conington Airport.

History

In 1085 William the Conqueror ordered that a survey should be carried out across his kingdom to discover who owned which parts and what it was worth. The survey took place in 1086 and the results were recorded in what, since the 12th century, has become known as the Domesday Book. Starting with the king himself, for each landholder within a county there is a list of their estates or manors; and, for each manor, there is a summary of the resources of the manor, the amount of annual rent that was collected by the lord of the manor both in 1066 and in 1086, together with the taxable value.[3]

Glatton was listed in the Domesday Book in the Hundred of Normancross in Huntingdonshire; the name of the settlement was written as Glatune in the Domesday Book.[4] In 1086 there was just one manor at Glatton; the annual rent paid to the lord of the manor in 1066 had been £10 and the rent was the same in 1086.[5]

The Domesday Book does not explicitly detail the population of a place but it records that there was 35 households at Glatton.[5] There is no consensus about the average size of a household at that time; estimates range from 3.5 to 5.0 people per household.[6] Using these figures then an estimate of the population of Glatton in 1086 is that it was within the range of 122 and 175 people.

The Domesday Book uses a number of units of measure for areas of land that are now unfamiliar terms, such as hides and ploughlands. In different parts of the country, these were terms for the area of land that a team of eight oxen could plough in a single season and are equivalent to 120 acres (49 hectares); this was the amount of land that was considered to be sufficient to support a single family. By 1086, the hide had become a unit of tax assessment rather than an actual land area; a hide was the amount of land that could be assessed as £1 for tax purposes. The survey records that there were sixteen ploughlands at Glatton in 1086 and that there was the capacity for a further eight ploughlands.[5] In addition to the arable land, there was 60 acres (24 hectares) of meadows and 22 acres (9 hectares) of woodland at Glatton.[5]

The tax assessment in the Domesday Book was known as geld or danegeld and was a type of land-tax based on the hide or ploughland. It was originally a way of collecting a tribute to pay off the Danes when they attacked England, and was only levied when necessary. Following the Norman Conquest, the geld was used to raise money for the King and to pay for continental wars; by 1130, the geld was being collected annually. Having determined the value of a manor's land and other assets, a tax of so many shillings and pence per pound of value would be levied on the land holder. While this was typically two shillings in the pound the amount did vary; for example, in 1084 it was as high as six shillings in the pound. For the manor at Glatton the total tax assessed was eight geld.[5]

By 1086 there was already a church and a priest at Glatton.

In the 1870s, John Marius Wilson described the village as:

"GLATTON, a village and a parish in the district of Peterborough and county of Huntingdon. The village stands 3 miles SSW of Stilton, and 3 ½ WSW of Holme r. station."[7]
A close up of Glatton from an Ordnance survey map from the 20th century

In 1881 Glatton had a total population of 249.[8]

Government

As a civil parish, Glatton has a parish council, the lowest tier of government in England. It consists of five councillors and it has a parish clerk. It normally meets on a Wednesday, some 4–6 times a year.[9]

Glatton was in the historic and administrative county of Huntingdonshire until 1965. From 1965, the village was part of the new administrative county of Huntingdon and Peterborough. Then in 1974, following the Local Government Act 1972, Glatton became a part of the county of Cambridgeshire.

The second tier of local government is the Huntingdonshire District Council of Cambridgeshire, with its headquarters in Huntingdon. Its 52 councillors represent 29 district wards.[10][11] Glatton is a part of the district ward of Sawtry and represented on the district council by two councillors.[12][10] District councillors serve for four-year terms.

For Glatton, the highest tier of local government is Cambridgeshire County Council, based in Cambridge.[13] It consists of 69 councillors representing 60 electoral divisions.[14] Glatton is part of the electoral division of Sawtry and Ellington[12] and represented by one county councillor.[14] At Westminster Glatton is in the parliamentary constituency of North West Cambridgeshire,[12] held by Shailesh Vara (Conservative) since 2005. The previous member was Brian Mawhinney (Conservative) between 1997 and 2005.

Demography

Population

In the period 1801 to 1901 the population of Glatton was recorded every ten years by the UK census. The population then ranged from 189 in 1901 to 358 in 1821.[15] From 1901 a census was taken every ten years with the exception of 1941, due to the Second World War.

Parish
 1911
 1921
 1931
 1951
 1961
 1971
 1981
 1991
 2001
 2011
Glatton 154 154 155 136 146 193 214 232 304 308

All population census figures from report Historic Census figures Cambridgeshire to 2011 by Cambridgeshire Insight.[15]

In 2011, the parish covered an area of 2,174 acres (880 hectares),[15] giving a population density in 2011 of 90.7 persons per square mile (35 per square kilometre). Of the 2011 population of 308, 35 were in the 0–19 cohort, 62 aged 20–44, 142 aged 45–74 and 79 over 75 years old. The structure is weighted to the older population; 72 per cent are above 45 years old.[16] Census records show a decline until 1951, to 136, then a relatively swift rise.[17][18]

Glatton population change

Occupation

In 1881 there was a clear gender divide in occupations. Most men worked in agriculture (74%), with a fairly even spread among other occupations. Most women had unknown occupations or worked in domestic services/ offices.[19] In the 2011 census, both men and women had highest levels of employment in associate professional and technical occupations, with a far greater number in management or as professionals. There was still some gender-specific employment, for example administrative and secretarial jobs employed more women (5:1) and the skilled trade sector more men (4:1). However, men and women appear more evenly across all occupations in the later census. Agricultural and domestic jobs, the commonest in 1881, were non-existent in 2011.[20]

Glatton occupational structure 1881
Graph showing the occupational structure of Glatton in 2011, for both males and females.

Education

There are no schools in Glatton. The closest is Stilton C of E VC Primary School 1.8 miles away. The closest secondary school is Sawtry Community College 2.1 miles away.[21]

Landmarks

There are a number of listed buildings in Glatton.[22] Among them are St Nicholas's Parish Church and the Addison Arms, which won the Rural Pub of The Year award in Huntingdonshire in 2014.[23]

Transport

The A1 is the closest motorway, about a mile to the east of Glatton parish. There is a railway line about 3 miles east of Glatton, but the closest station is Peterborough, about 10 miles away.[24]

Parish church

Glatton has a parish church dedicated to St Nicholas. The parish belongs to the Diocese of Ely.[25] The church is mentioned in the 1086 Domesday book, but none of that building remains. A notable feature of today's church is its tower, built about 1500. Its four bells bear the inscriptions 1) COMM COMM AND PREAY 1595, 2) SEARVE GOD AND OBEAY THY PRINCE 1595, 3) J.TAYLOR & CO FOUNDERS LOUGHBOROUGH 1863, and 4) OMNIA FAINT AD GLORIAM DEI SOLI THO. EAYRE 1736.[26]

References

  1. ^ "Glatton (Parish): Key Figures for 2011 Census". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
  2. ^ Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 142 Peterborough (Market Deeping & Chatteris) (Map). Ordnance Survey. 2012. ISBN 9780319229248.
  3. ^ Ann Williams; G.H. Martin, eds. (1992). Domesday Book: A Complete Translation. London: Penguin Books. pp. 551–561. ISBN 0-141-00523-8.
  4. ^ Ann Williams; G.H. Martin, eds. (1992). Domesday Book: A Complete Translation. London: Penguin Books. p. 1349. ISBN 0-141-00523-8.
  5. ^ a b c d e J.J.N. Palmer. "Open Domesday: Place – Glatton". www.opendomesday.org. Anna Powell-Smith. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  6. ^ Goose, Nigel; Hinde, Andrew. "Estimating Local Population Sizes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  7. ^ Wilson, John Marius (1870–72). Gazetteer of England and Wales. Edinburgh: A. Fullerton & Co. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
  8. ^ "A Vision of Britain Through Time:Glatton – Population Gender". Vision of Britain Through Time. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
  9. ^ "Glatton Parish Council: Councillors". Glatton Parish Council. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  10. ^ a b "Huntingdonshire District Council: Councillors". www.huntingdonshire.gov.uk. Huntingdonshire District Council. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  11. ^ "Huntingdonshire District Council". www.huntingdonshire.gov.uk. Huntingdonshire District Council. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  12. ^ a b c "Ordnance Survey Election Maps". www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  13. ^ "Cambridgeshire County Council". www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk. Cambridgeshire County Council. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  14. ^ a b "Cambridgeshire County Council: Councillors". www.cambridgeshire.gov.uk. Cambridgeshire County Council. Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  15. ^ a b c "Historic Census figures Cambridgeshire to 2011". www.cambridgeshireinsight.org.uk. Cambridgeshire Insight. Archived from the original (xlsx – download) on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  16. ^ "Glatton (Parish): Age Structure, 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
  17. ^ "Population change in Glatton". Neighbourhood Statistics. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  18. ^ "Enumeration Abstract". Online Historical Population Reports. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  19. ^ "A Vision of Britain Through Time:Glatton – Occupations". A Vision of Britain Through Time. Retrieved 26 April 2015. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  20. ^ "Glatton (parish): Occupation Males/ Females 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
  21. ^ "Schools near Glatton". School Finder. RM education. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  22. ^ "History in Structure". British Listed Buildings. britishlistedbuildings.co.uk. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  23. ^ "Addison Arms local website". The Addison Arms. Archived from the original on 30 March 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  24. ^ "Maps". Google maps. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  25. ^ "Parish of Glatton: St Nicholas". Parish Finder. Church Commissioners for England. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  26. ^ "Glatton Parish and Community". Word Press. Retrieved 27 April 2015.

Media related to Glatton at Wikimedia Commons

  • Glatton Village Official website www.glatton.org.uk
  • Small live music events hosted by village resident #Glattonbury
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