List of biosafety level 4 organisms
Biosafety level 4 laboratories are used for diagnostic work and research on easily transmitted pathogens which can cause fatal disease. What follows is a list of organisms that require handling at the most stringent, biosafety level 4, protocol. Organisms include those harmful to human health, to animal health, or to plant health.[1] The Plant Protection and Quarantine programs (PPQ) of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) are listed in 7 CFR Part 331. The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) lists are located at 42 CFR Part 73.3[2] and 42 CFR Part 73.4.[3] The USDA animal safety list is located at 9 CFR Subchapter B.[4]
Select agents
HHS human threats: select agents and toxins
- Abrin
- Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis*
- Botulinum neurotoxins*,5
- Botulinum neurotoxin producing species of Clostridium*
- Conotoxins (Short, paralytic alpha conotoxins containing the following amino acid sequence X1CCX2PACGX3X4X5X6CX7)1,5
- Coxiella burnetii
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus
- Diacetoxyscirpenol
- Eastern equine encephalitis virus
- Ebolavirus
- Francisella tularensis
- Lassa mammarenavirus
- Lujo mammarenavirus
- Marburg virus
- Monkeypox virus
- Reconstructed 1918 influenza virus
- Ricin
- Rickettsia prowazekii
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV)
- Saxitoxin
- Chapare mammarenavirus
- Guanarito mammarenavirus
- Argentinian mammarenavirus (formerly Junín virus)
- Machupo mammarenavirus
- Brazilian mammarenavirus (formerly Sabiá mammarenavirus)
- Staphylococcal enterotoxins (subtypes A, B, C, D, E)
- T-2 mycotoxin
- Tetrodotoxin
- Far Eastern subtype Flavivirus
- Siberian subtype Flavivirus
- Kyasanur Forest disease virus
- Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus
- Variola virus (Smallpox virus)
- Variola virus minor (Alastrim)
- Yersinia pestis
HHS human or animal threats: select agents and toxins
- Bacillus anthracis
- Bacillus anthracis Pasteur strain
- Brucella abortus
- Brucella melitensis
- Brucella suis
- Burkholderia mallei
- Burkholderia pseudomallei
- Hendra henipavirus
- Nipah henipavirus
- Rift Valley fever phlebovirus
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
USDA select agents and toxins
- African horse sickness virus
- African swine fever virus
- Avian influenza virus
- Pestivirus C (formerly Classical swine fever virus)
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus
- Goatpox virus
- Lumpy skin disease virus
- Mycoplasma capricolum
- Mycoplasma mycoides
- Avian avulavirus 1 (formerly Newcastle disease virus)
- Small ruminant morbillivirus (formerly peste des petits ruminants virus)
- Rinderpest morbillivirus
- Sheeppox virus
- Swine vesicular disease virus
PPQ select agents and toxins
- Coniothyrium glycines (formerly Phoma glycinicola and Pyrenochaeta glycines)
- Peronosclerospora philippinensis
- Peronosclerospora sacchari
- Ralstonia solanacearum
- Rathayibacter toxicus
- Sclerophthora rayssiae
- Synchytrium endobioticum
- Xanthomonas oryzae
References
- ^ "Select agents and toxins list". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention / USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Retrieved 18 August 2019.
- ^ "42 CFR § 73.3 - HHS select agents and toxins". LII / Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "42 CFR § 73.4 - Overlap select agents and toxins". LII / Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "9 CFR Subchapter B - COOPERATIVE CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF LIVESTOCK OR POULTRY DISEASES". LII / Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 21 August 2019.