Viola nephrophylla

Viola nephrophylla
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Violaceae
Genus:	Viola
Species:	V. nephrophylla
Binomial name
	Viola nephrophylla; Greene
	Distribution of Viola nephrophylla
Synonyms
	Viola maccabeana ; M.S. Baker; Viola pratincola ; Greene; Viola retusa ; Greene;

Viola nephrophylla (northern bog violet, Leconte violet, or kidney leaved violet) syn. Viola nephrophylla Greene f. albinea (Farw.), Viola pratincola Greene, Viola retusa Greene ) is an annual or perennial forb in the Violet family (Violaceae) native to North America.^[1]

Viola nephrophylla was named by Edward Lee Greene in 1896 from specimens he collected near Montrose, Colorado. The species name, nephrophylla, is from the Greek for "kidney shaped leaves".^[2]

Conservation status within the United States

It is listed endangered in Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio, as threatened in New Hampshire,^[3] and as a special concern in Connecticut.^[4]

Native American ethnobotany

The Ramah Navajo use the plant as a ceremonial emetic.^[5]

References

^ "Viola nephrophylla". Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point. Retrieved 2010-03-10.
^ Schneider, Al. "Viola". Southwest Colorado Wildflowers. Gothic, Colorado: Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory. Retrieved 2010-03-10.
^ "Plants Profile for Viola nephrophylla (northern bog violet)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
^ "Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015" (PDF). State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 15 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
^ Vestal, Paul A. (1952). "The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho". Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology. 40 (4): 36.

This Violaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[rob-1] "Viola nephrophylla". Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point. Retrieved 2010-03-10.

[2] Schneider, Al. "Viola". Southwest Colorado Wildflowers. Gothic, Colorado: Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory. Retrieved 2010-03-10.

[3] "Plants Profile for Viola nephrophylla (northern bog violet)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 15 January 2018.

[4] "Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015" (PDF). State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 15 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)

[5] Vestal, Paul A. (1952). "The Ethnobotany of the Ramah Navaho". Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology. 40 (4): 36.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]