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President of the Presidency of SR Croatia

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President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia

President of the Presidency of the Republic of Croatia
State Emblem
ResidenceVisoka ulica 22, Zagreb
AppointerCroatian Parliament
Formation1974
First holderJakov Blažević
Final holderFranjo Tuđman
Abolished22 December 1990

The office of the President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (later renamed the President of the Presidency of the Republic of Croatia) existed from its establishment in the 1974 constitution to its renaming and then total abolishment as part of democratic reforms in 1990.

A collective presidency existed in Yugoslavia at the federal level since amendments to the constitution in 1971.[1] On 21 February 1974 a new federal Constitution was adopted which reaffirmed the collective federal presidency chaired by the President of the Presidency.[2] The constituent republics adopted the same system in new constitutions of their own, with SR Croatia adopting theirs the following day on 22 February.[3] A nine-member presidency was established, which included the President of the Presidency, elected by the Parliament to a four-year term. Members could not be elected for more than two consecutive terms.[3]

After the death of Yugoslav President-for-life Josip Broz Tito in 1980, federal constitutional acts were put into force which made the federal Presidency rotate on an annual basis.[2] This rotation system was expanded in 1981 to also include the speaker and deputy speaker of the Federal Assembly and their equivalents in the two component chambers.[4] SR Croatia put in place a similar rotation system through 1981 constitutional amendments where members of the presidency would continue to be elected to four-year terms but would rotate as presidents on an annual basis.[5] In 1986 additional constitutional amendments were enacted which increased the length served as President to two-years.[6]

The first democratic reforms enacted by the League of Communists were in 1989 when constitutional amendments were approved which removed the President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Croatia as a member of the presidency ex officio. After the first multi-party elections in 1990, constitutional amendments were put in place which renamed the office of President of the Presidency to President of the Presidency of the Republic of Croatia and reduced the presidency to seven total members. The December 1990 Constitution abolished the presidency altogether.

Presidents of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia

  League of Communists of Yugoslavia   Croatian Democratic Union

Presidency No. President Lifespan Term of office Party Notes
1974-1978
1978-1982 		style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 1 Jakov Blažević Jakov Blažević 1912–1996 8 May
1974 		May
1982 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia
1982-1986 style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 2 Marijan Cvetković Marijan Cvetković 1920–1990 May
1982 		May
1983 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 3 Milutin Baltić Milutin Baltić 1920–2013 May
1983 		10 May
1984 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 4 Jakša Petrić Jakša Petrić 1922–1993 10 May
1984 		10 May
1985 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 5 Pero Car Pero Car 1920–1985 10 May
1985 		15 November
1985 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia Died in office.
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 6 Ema Derosi-Bjelajac Ema Derosi-Bjelajac 1926–2020 20 November
1985 		10 May
1986 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia First female head of state of modern Croatia.
1986-1990 style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 7 Ante Marković Ante Marković 1924–2011 10 May
1986 		May
1988 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia Also at one time Prime Minister of Croatia, and last Prime Minister of Yugoslavia.
style="background: Template:League of Communists of Yugoslavia/meta/color; width:1em" | 8 Ivo Latin Ivo Latin 1929–2002 May
1988 		30 May
1990 		League of Communists of Yugoslavia
1990 style="background: Template:Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color; width:1em" | 9 Franjo Tuđman Franjo Tuđman 1922–1999 30 May
1990 		25 July
1990 		Croatian Democratic Union Constitutional amendments in July 1990 changed formal title to "President of the Presidency of the Republic of Croatia" and expanded presidential powers.

President of the Presidency of the Republic of Croatia

  Croatian Democratic Union

Presidency No. President Lifespan Term of office Party Notes
1990 style="background: Template:Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color; width:1em" | 1 Franjo Tuđman Franjo Tuđman 1922–1999 25 July
1990 		22 December
1990 		Croatian Democratic Union New constitution adopted on 22 December 1990 changed the formal title to "President of the Republic of Croatia" and abolished the collective presidency completely.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Službeni list Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije". Vol. XXVII, no. 29. Belgrade. 8 July 1971.
  2. ^ a b "Službeni list Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije". Vol. XXX, no. 9. Belgrade. 21 February 1974.
  3. ^ a b "Ustav Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske". Narodne novine. No. 8. Zagreb. 22 February 1974.
  4. ^ "Ustav Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske". Vol. XXXVII, no. 38. Belgrade. 10 July 1981.
  5. ^ Sruk, Josip (1982). Ustavno uređenje Socijalističke Republike Jugoslavije. Informator. p. 392.
  6. ^ "Narodne novine". Vol. 42, no. 1–26. Zagreb. p. 75.
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