Grammostola
| Grammostola | |
|---|---|
| |
| Male Grammostola porteri | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Theraphosidae |
| Genus: | Grammostola Simon, 1892[1] |
| Type species | |
| G. pulchripes (Simon, 1891)
| |
| Species | |
|
21, see text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Grammostola is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892.[5] These medium to large sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or orangish-red hairs. The very docile Chilean rose tarantulas (Grammostola rosea and Grammostola porteri) are popular as a beginner's spider among tarantula enthusiasts.[6]
Grammostola as a pet
The Chilean rose tarantula (Grammostola rosea) is a common pet, its behavior being generally docile and its venom very mild. It needs to be kept dry and dislikes being wet (its natural habitat being one of the driest deserts on earth). If the substrate is too wet, it will stand "on tiptoes" in discomfort, or climb the sides of its enclosure, risking fall and injury. It feeds on other invertebrates. Its attributes and care are similar to those of its relative the Chaco golden knee tarantula (Grammostola pulchripes).[citation needed]
Species
As of March 2020[update] it contains twenty-one species, found in South America:[1]
- Grammostola actaeon (Pocock, 1903) – Brazil, Uruguay
- Grammostola alticeps (Pocock, 1903) – Uruguay
- Grammostola andreleetzi Vol, 2008 – Uruguay
- Grammostola anthracina (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina
- Grammostola borelli (Simon, 1897) – Paraguay
- Grammostola burzaquensis Ibarra, 1946 – Argentina
- Grammostola chalcothrix Chamberlin, 1917 – Argentina
- Grammostola diminuta Ferretti, Pompozzi, González & Pérez-Miles, 2013 – Argentina
- Grammostola doeringi (Holmberg, 1881) – Argentina
- Grammostola gossei (Pocock, 1899) – Argentina
- Grammostola grossa (Ausserer, 1871) – Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
- Grammostola iheringi (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil
- Grammostola inermis Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Argentina
- Grammostola mendozae (Strand, 1907) – Argentina
- Grammostola porteri (Mello-Leitão, 1936) – Chile
- Grammostola pulchra Mello-Leitão, 1921 – Brazil
- Grammostola pulchripes (Simon, 1891) (type) – Paraguay, Argentina
- Grammostola quirogai Montes de Oca, D'Elía & Pérez-Miles, 2016 – Brazil, Uruguay
- Grammostola rosea (Walckenaer, 1837) – Bolivia, Chile, Argentina
- Grammostola subvulpina (Strand, 1906) – South America
- Grammostola vachoni Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1961 – Argentina
In synonymy:
- G. argentinensis Strand, 1907 = Grammostola rosea (Walckenaer, 1837)
- G. aureostriata Schmidt & Bullmer, 2001 = Grammostola pulchripes (Simon, 1891)
- G. australis Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1948 = Grammostola inermis Mello-Leitão, 1941
- G. brevimetatarsis Strand, 1907 = Grammostola actaeon (Pocock, 1903)
- G. cala Chamberlin, 1917 = Grammostola rosea (Walckenaer, 1837)
- G. fasciata Mello-Leitão, 1921 = Grammostola grossa (Ausserer, 1871)
- G. ferruginea Mello-Leitão, 1921 = Grammostola grossa (Ausserer, 1871)
- G. fossor Schmidt, 2001 = Grammostola vachoni Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1961
- G. gigantea Mello-Leitão, 1921 = Grammostola iheringi (Keyserling, 1891)
- G. grandicola Strand, 1908 = Grammostola grossa (Ausserer, 1871)
- G. longimana Mello-Leitão, 1921 = Grammostola anthracina (C. L. Koch, 1842)
- G. mollicoma (Ausserer, 1875) = Grammostola anthracina (C. L. Koch, 1842)
- G. roquettei Mello-Leitão, 1921 = Grammostola anthracina (C. L. Koch, 1842)
- G. schulzei (Schmidt, 1994) = Grammostola vachoni Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1961
- G. spatulata (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) = Grammostola rosea (Walckenaer, 1837)
Gallery
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Grammostola rosea -
Grammostola pulchra -
Grammostola pulchripes (aureostriata)
.jpg)
See also
References
- ^ a b c "Gen. Grammostola Simon, 1892". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2020. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2020-04-12.
- ^ Schmidt, G. (1994). "Das Männchen von Tapinauchenius gigas di Caporiacco, 1954 (Araneida: Theraphosidae: Aviculariinae)". Arachnologisches Magazin. 2 (5): 5.
- ^ Bertani, R.; Fukushima, C. S. (2004). "Polyspinosa Schmidt, 1999 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Eumenophorinae) is a synonym of Grammostola Simon, 1892 (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae)". Revista Ibérica de Aracnología. 9: 330.
- ^ Raven, R. J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 159.
- ^ Simon, E (1892). Histoire naturelle des araignées. Paris: Roret. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.51973.
- ^ Muller-Esnault, Susan, DVM. "Rose Hair Tarantulas or Chilean Rose Hair" (2008). http://www.critterology.com/rose_hair_tarantulas_or_chilean_rose_hair-192.html
External links
- Rehak, Ondrej, "Gallery of tarantulas", Tarantula breeding, retrieved 2016-01-24 – includes Grammostola species
- LiveScience Wild Tarantula Eats a Foot-Long Snake in a First