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Baseline Study

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Project Baseline is a broad effort to map human health, led by Verily Life Sciences (formerly Google Life Sciences), Alphabet, Inc.'s health sciences division, and was announced in the Wall Street Journal on July 24, 2014.[1] It begins with the Project Baseline Study, which will collect phenotypic health data from approximately 10,000 participants over the course of at least four years. The project employs experts from widely varying fields including science, medicine, user experience and design, engineering and patient advocacy.[1] The project is not the first one to aim to collect data on many individuals for medical purposes, but it aims to collect a much larger amount of data covering a broader array of topics than its predecessors.[1] De-identified Project Baseline study data will be available to qualified researchers for exploratory analysis in the future. Qualified external researchers may apply through applications reviewed by the Proposal Review and Publications Committee and Scientific Executive Committee.[2]

Purpose

The Project Baseline study is the first initiative of Project Baseline, a broader effort designed to develop a well-defined reference, or "baseline," of good health as well as a rich data platform that may be used to better understand the transition from health to disease and identify additional risk factors for disease.[2] The study will collect comprehensive health information both within and outside the four walls of a clinic. Within the clinic, a broad group of participants - including those who are exceptionally health, at-risk of disease, and with overt disease - will be providing deep data on a diverse set of measurements with repeat sampling over the course of four years.[3] To bridge these encounters, Verily has developed tools such as the investigational Study Watch to allow participants to provide insights throughout their everyday lives.[4]

That means the Project Baseline study dataset will include clinical, molecular, imaging, self-reported, behavioral, environmental, sensor and other health-related measurements. To organize this information, Verily is developing infrastructure that can process multi-dimensional health data - much of which have never been combined for an individual.[3]

The project also hopes to enable doctors to predict the onset of diseases such as cancer and heart disease far earlier than is currently possible. Organizers hope this will move medicine toward an era centered on prevention rather than treatment.[5] In addition, the study aims to identify biomarkers that make certain people more or less susceptible to various diseases.[1]

Methodology

The project began in the summer of 2014, when Google began recruiting volunteers to collect bodily fluids such as urine, blood, saliva and tears for a pilot study. The public facing launch was in April 2017, and since then participants have begun enrolling.[6] Sites include Duke University School of Medicine and Stanford Medicine,[1] whose institutional review boards will also monitor the study and make sure the data from it is not misused, according to Verily. Verily also stated that all the data in the study would be anonymized before researchers would have access to it.[7]

Ethical concerns

Specialist online reporting service STAT News reported in 2016 that the contract for testing of the 200 patients for the study's pilot phase had been awarded without competitive bidding to the California Health & Longevity Institute, a luxury health clinic largely owned by Conrad that offers medical and cosmetic para-medical services and alternative medicine in a spa-like setting.[8] The report said that Conrad had stated that the clinic had the advantage of having all the testing equipment needed for the study in one location, but neither he nor officials from the clinic would disclose what relevant experience the clinic had in conducting the complex research required for the project.[8] Conrad further stated that the contract had been vetted by Google X's compliance and ethics officers when Verily was still part of that division, and a spokesperson stated that Conrad had recused himself from the decision-making project, but a former Verily employee claimed that Google X's vetting of the deal was perfunctory.[8]

In April 2017, a Verily spokeswoman confirmed that Andy Conrad had divested from the California Health & Longevity Institute.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Barr, Alistair (24 July 2014). "Google's New Moonshot Project: the Human Body". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  2. ^ a b "The Baseline Study". ClinicalTrials.gov. 15 May 2017.
  3. ^ a b Mega, Jessica (19 April 2017). "Why Baseline?". Project Baseline blog. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
  4. ^ He, David (14 April 2017). "Introducing Verily Study Watch". Verily blog. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
  5. ^ Stone, Jeff (25 July 2014). "Baseline Study, New Google 'Moonshot,' Continues Health-First Trend After Google Lenses, Project Loon". International Business Times. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  6. ^ "Verily Launches Landmark Study with Duke and Stanford as First Initiative of Project Baseline" (PDF). Project Baseline. 19 April 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
  7. ^ Alter, Charlotte (28 July 2014). "Google Seeks Human Guinea Pigs for Health Project". Time. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
  8. ^ a b c Piller, Charles (7 April 2016). "Google's biotech venture hit by ethical concerns over deal with luxury clinic". STAT News. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
  9. ^ Regalado, Antonio (19 April 2017). "Google's Health Study Seeks 10,000 Volunteers to GiveUp Their Medical Secrets". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 20 June 2017.

See also

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