French of France
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French of France | |
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French French Metropolitan French Hexagonal French | |
français de France français de métropole français métropolitain français hexagonal | |
Native to | France |
Latin (French alphabet) French Braille | |
Official status | |
Official language in | ![]() |
Regulated by | Académie française (French Academy) |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Linguasphere | 51-AAA-i |
IETF | fr-FR |
French of France is the predominant variety of the French language in France, Andorra and Monaco, in its formal and informal registers. It has, for a long time, been associated with Standard French. It is now seen as a variety of French alongside Acadian French, Belgian French, Quebec French, Swiss French, etc. In overseas France or Corsica, it is more often called Metropolitan French or Hexagonal French.
Phonology
Paris
In Paris, nasal vowels are no longer pronounced as in traditional Parisian French: /ɑ̃/ → [ɒ̃], /ɛ̃/ → [æ̃], /ɔ̃/ → [õ] and /œ̃/ → [æ̃]. Many distinctions are lost: /a/ and /ɑ/, /ɛ/ and /ɛː/, /ø/ and /ə/, /ɛ̃/ and /œ̃/ and /nj/ and /ɲ/. Otherwise, some speakers still distinguish /a/ and /ɑ/ in stressed syllables, but they pronounce the letter "â" as [aː]: pâte [paːt].
Southern provinces
In the south of France, nasal vowels have not changed; there are still pronounced as in traditional Parisian French: enfant [ɑ̃ˈfɑ̃], pain [pɛ̃], bon [bɔ̃] and brun [bʁœ̃]. Many distinctions are lost. At the end, southern speakers no longer distinguish /e/ and /ɛ/: livré and livret are both pronounced [liˈvʁe]. In closed syllables, they no longer distinguish /ɔ/ and /o/, also /œ/ and /ø/: notre and nôtre are both pronounced [nɔtʁ̥] and jeune and jeûne are both pronounced [ʒœn]. The distinction of /a/ vs. /ɑ/ and /ɛ/ vs. /ɛː/ are lost. Older speakers pronounce all the "e": chaque [ˈʃakə] and vêtement [ˈvɛtəmã].
Northern provinces
In the north, /a/ and /ɑ/ are both pronounced as [ɔ] at the end: là is pronounced [lɔ] and mât [mɔ].
Lorraine
Phonemic long vowels are still maintained: pâte [pɑːt] and fête [fɛːt].[1] Before /ʁ/, /a/ changed to [ɑː]: guitare is pronounced [ɡiˈtɑːʁ], voir is pronounced [vwɑːʁ].
See also
References
- ^ "Les Accents des Français". accentsdefrance.free.fr.