Siege of Diu (1531)

Siege of Diu (1531)
	Part of the Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts
Date	1531
Location	Diu, Gujarat Sultanate
Result	Ottoman-Gujarati victory
Belligerents
Ottoman Empire; Gujarat Sultanate	Portuguese Empire
Commanders and leaders
Mustafa Bayram	Nuno da Cunha
Strength
12,000 men; 1 galleon; 17 galleys; several basilisks	About 400 vessels:; 14 galleons; ; 6 naus; ; 2 war caravels; ; 5 large supply junks; ; 2 galleasses; ; 12 galleys ; ; 16 half-galleys ; ; 228 light-galleys; ; 115 small craft and merchantships; ; 30,000 men, including: ; 3,560 Portuguese soldiers; ; 2,000 Malabarese auxiliaries; ; 8,000 combatant slaves; 3,000 slave gunners; ; 1,400 Portuguese sailors; ; 4,000 Malabarese sailors or rowers; 800 junk ship crew;

The Siege of Diu occurred when a combined Ottoman-Gujarati force defeated a Portuguese attempt to capture the city of Diu in 1531. The victory was partly the result of Ottoman firepower over the Portuguese besiegers deployed by Mustafa Bayram, an Ottoman expert.^[7]

Although Diu was successfully defended, victory was short lived: the Portuguese armada was simply diverted towards more exposed Gujarati cities to the east. Ghogha, Surat, Mangrol, Somnath, Bassein, and many smaller settlements were assaulted and sacked, and some never recovered from the attacks.^[8]

In 1534, Sultan Bahadur of Gujarat signed a peace treaty with Governor Nuno da Cunha, granting the Portuguese the territory of Bassein, including Bombay. In 1535, the Portuguese were allowed to construct a fortress at Diu.

Notes

^ Monteiro, Saturnino. (1991) Portuguese Sea Battles – Volume II: Christianity, Commerce and Corso 1522–1538 pp.220–221
^ ^a ^b ^c Monteiro 1991, p. 220,221.
^ Gaspar Correia (1495-1561). Lendas da Índia 1858 edition, Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, p. 390
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Correia 1858, p. 390.
^ Gaspar Correia (1495-1561). Lendas da Índia 1858 edition, Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, p. 392
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Correia 1858, p. 392.
^ Guns for the sultan: military power and the weapons industry in the Ottoman Empire, Gábor Ágoston, page 194, 2005
^ Pearson, Michael Naylor (1976). Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat: The Response to the Portuguese in the Sixteenth Century. University of California Press, pg. 76

References

[1] Monteiro, Saturnino. (1991) Portuguese Sea Battles – Volume II: Christianity, Commerce and Corso 1522–1538 pp.220–221

[FOOTNOTEMonteiro1991220,221-2] Monteiro 1991, p. 220,221.

[3] Gaspar Correia (1495-1561). Lendas da Índia 1858 edition, Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, p. 390

[FOOTNOTECorreia1858390-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Correia 1858, p. 390.

[5] Gaspar Correia (1495-1561). Lendas da Índia 1858 edition, Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, p. 392

[FOOTNOTECorreia1858392-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Correia 1858, p. 392.

[7] Guns for the sultan: military power and the weapons industry in the Ottoman Empire, Gábor Ágoston, page 194, 2005

[8] Pearson, Michael Naylor (1976). Merchants and Rulers in Gujarat: The Response to the Portuguese in the Sixteenth Century. University of California Press, pg. 76

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