Mean platelet volume
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
| Mean platelet volume | |
|---|---|
| Purpose | can be used to make inferences about platelet production in bone marrow or platelet destruction problems |
Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a machine-calculated measurement of the average size of platelets found in blood and is typically included in blood tests as part of the CBC. Since the average platelet size is larger when the body is producing increased numbers of platelets, the MPV test results can be used to make inferences about platelet production in bone marrow or platelet destruction problems.[1]
MPV may be higher when there is destruction of platelets. This may be seen in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), myeloproliferative diseases and Bernard–Soulier syndrome. It may also be related to pre-eclampsia and recovery from transient hypoplasia.[2]
Abnormally low MPV values may correlate with thrombocytopenia when it is due to impaired production of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, such as in aplastic anemia. A low MPV may indicate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.[3] In addition, low MPV may correlate with abnormally small platelet size, sometimes a symptom of a spectrum referred to as Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome (WAS),[4] caused by a genetic mutation of the WAS gene.
Sample for MPV testing is obtained in a Lavender-Top EDTA tube. A typical range of platelet volumes is 9.4–12.3 fL[5] (femtolitre), equivalent to spheres 2.65 to 2.9 µm in diameter.
Conditions associated with altered MPV
Decreased MPV
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy
- Hypersplenism
- Reactive thrombocytosis
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Gilbert's syndrome
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome
- X linked thrombocytopenia
- Crohn's disease
- Ulcerative colitis
- Aplastic anemia
Increased MPV
- Immune thrombocytopenia
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Myeloproliferative disorders
- Administration of erythropoietin / thrombopoietin
- Recovery from transient hypoplasia
- Gray platelet syndrome
- GATA-1 mutation
- vWD Type 2B
- Platelet Type vWD
- Paris-Trousseau syndrome
- Mediterranean macrothrombocytopenia
- Bernard–Soulier syndrome[6]
- MYH9-related disorders
- 21q11 deletion syndrome
- Chronic myelogenous leukemia
- Post-splenectomy
- Vasculitis
- Megaloblastic anemia[7]
- Diabetes mellitus
- Pre-eclampsia
- Chronic kidney disease
- Respiratory diseases
- Thrombocytopenia secondary to sepsis
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Myocardial infarction
- Artificial heart valves
- Massive hemorrhage
Inherited thrombocytopenia with normal MPV
- ATRUS Syndrome
- Thrombocytopenia 2 (THC2)
- Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia
- TAR syndrome
- Familial platelet disorder with predisposition to AML
References
- ^ [1], Lab Tests Online.
- ^ [2], Arch Pathol Lab Med. Vol 133, September 2009;1441-43..
- ^ Liu, S; Ren, J; Han, G; Wang, G; Gu, G; Xia, Q; Li, J (Oct 12, 2012). "Mean platelet volume: a controversial marker of disease activity in Crohn's disease". European Journal of Medical Research. 17: 27. doi:10.1186/2047-783x-17-27. PMC 3519557. PMID 23058104.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome". Immune Deficiency Foundation. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
- ^ "CBC (Complete Blood Count), Blood". www.healthcare.uiowa.edu. Retrieved 2018-02-22.
- ^ "Bernard-Soulier Syndrome Workup: Approach Considerations". emedicine.staging.medscape.com. Retrieved 2018-02-22.
- ^ McClatchey, Kenneth D. (2002). Clinical Laboratory Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780683307511.
External links
- Medicinenet.com: Thrombocytopenia
- Diabetesexplained.com: MPV
- ahajournals.org: Article related to MPV
- Bessman, JD; Gilmer, PR; Gardner, FH (1985). "Use of mean platelet volume improves detection of platelet disorders". Blood Cells. 11 (1): 127–35. PMID 4074887.