Condottieri-class cruiser

Condottieri-class cruiser Raimondo Montecuccoli at Venice
Class overview
Name	Condottieri class
Operators	Regia Marina Hellenic Navy Soviet Navy
Subclasses	Giussano class Cadorna class Montecuccoli class Duca d'Aosta class Duca degli Abruzzi class
Built	1928–1937
In commission	1931–1972
Completed	12
Lost	6
Retired	6
General characteristics
Type	Light cruiser
Displacement	5,323–11,350 tonnes (5,239–11,171 long tons) standard 7,113–11,735 tonnes (7,001–11,550 long tons) full load
Length	169.3–187 m (555–614 ft)
Beam	15.5–18.9 m (51–62 ft)
Draught	5.2–6.9 m (17–23 ft)
Propulsion	2 geared turbines 6 boilers 95,000–110,000 hp (71–82 MW)
Speed	34–37 knots (63–69 km/h; 39–43 mph)
Complement	507–640
Armament	8 152 mm (6 in)/53 cal. guns or 10 152 mm (6 in)/55 cal. guns
Aircraft carried	2–4 × reconnaissance floatplanes

The Condottieri class was a sequence of five different light cruiser classes of the Regia Marina (Italian Navy), although these classes show a clear line of evolution. They were built before World War II to gain predominance in the Mediterranean Sea. The ships were named after military commanders (condottieri) of Italian history.

Each class is known after the first ship of the group:

Template:Sclass-:

• Alberto da Giussano
• Alberico da Barbiano
• Bartolomeo Colleoni
• Giovanni delle Bande Nere

Cadorna class:

• Luigi Cadorna
• Armando Diaz

Montecuccoli class:

• Raimondo Montecuccoli
• Muzio Attendolo

Duca d'Aosta class:

• Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta
• Eugenio di Savoia

Duca degli Abruzzi class:

• Duca degli Abruzzi
• Giuseppe Garibaldi

Evolution

The first group, the four Di Giussanos, were built to counter the French large contre-torpilleurs, and therefore they featured very high speed, in exchange for virtually no armour protection. The two Cadornas retained the main characteristics, with minor improvements to stability and hull strength.

Major changes were introduced for the next pair, the Montecuccolis. About 2000 tons heavier, they had significantly better protection, and upgraded power-plants to maintain the required high speed. The two Duca d'Aostas continued the trend, thickening the armour and improving the power plant again.

The final pair, the Duca degli Abruzzis completed the transition, sacrificing a little speed for good protection (whose scheme was the same of the Template:Sclass- heavy cruisers) and for ten (instead of eight) 6-inch /55 guns.

Service

All ships served in the Mediterranean during World War II.

The ships of the first two subclasses (with the exception of Luigi Cadorna) were all lost by 1942, primarily to enemy torpedoes (with Bartolomeo Colleoni sunk by destroyers at the Battle of Cape Spada after being crippled by HMAS Sydney, Alberico da Barbiano and Alberto da Giussano suffering a similar fate at the Battle of Cape Bon, and Armando Diaz sunk by a submarine), which led many authors (including Preston) to question their real value as fighting ships. However, the subsequent vessels fared considerably better with all, except Muzio Attendolo (sunk by an Allied bombing in December 1942), surviving the war.

After the end of the war, Eugenio di Savoia and Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta were given respectively to the Greek Navy and the Soviet Navy as war reparations; Luigi Cadorna was quickly stricken, Raimondo Montecuccoli became a training ship, and the Duca degli Abruzzi subclass served on in the Marina Militare until the 1970s, with Giuseppe Garibaldi becoming in 1961 the first European guided missile cruiser.

References

• Preston, Anthony (2002). The World's Worst Warships. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-754-6.
• Whitley, M.J. (1996). Cruisers of World War Two : an international encyclopedia (Reprinted ed.). London: Arms and Armour. ISBN 1854092251.

External links

• Condottieri light cruiser classes