Khan of Kalat
Khan of Kalat or Khan-e-Qalat (Balochi: خان قلات) is the title of the Baloch former rulers of the Khanate of Kalat. Kalat state is now a part of Balochistan Province, Pakistan. The rulers in Kalat first were subjected to Mughal emperor Akbar in Delhi[1][2] and after 1839 to the British.
The rulers of Kalat held the title of Vali originally but in 1739 they also took the title (Begler Begi) Khan, usually shortened to just Khan. The last Khan of Kalat was also the President of the Council of Rulers for the Baluchistan States Union.
History
The Khans of Kalat descended from a Baloch[3] hill chieftain named Qambar (or Qumbar).[4][5] His tribe was hired by Sehwa, the Raja of Kalat, a Hindu princely state, to protect against marauding tribes from the Multan, Shikarpur and Upper Sind areas.[5] Mir Qambar Baloch and his troops successfully repressed the incursion, but afterwards they deposed the Raja and Mir Qambar Baloch became the first Vali.[4]
| Tenure | Khan of Kalat[2][6] |
|---|---|
| 1512–1530 | Mir Bijar Khan Jatoi Mirwani Conqueror of India |
| 1530–1535 | Mir Zagar Khan Mirwani Origin of Zangejo Jatoi |
| 1535–1547 | Mir Ibrahim Khan Qambrani ( Changed his Royal family name from Mirwani to Qambrani ) |
| 1547–1549 | Mir Gwahram Khan Qambrani |
| 1549–1569 | Mir Hassan Khan Qambrani |
| 1569–1581 | Mir Sanjar Khan Qambrani |
| 1581–1590 | Mir Malook Khan Qambrani |
| 1590–1601 | Mir Qambar Sani Khan Qambrani |
| 1601–1610 | Mir Ahmad Khan Qambrani I |
| 1610–1618 | Mir Suri Khan Qambrani |
| 1618–1629 | Mir Qaisar Khan Qambrani |
| 1629–1637 | Mir Ahmad Sani Khan Qambrani II |
| 1637–1647 | Mir Altaz Khan Qambrani I |
| 1647–1656 | Mir Kachi Khan Qambrani |
| 1656–1666 | Mir Altaz Sani Khan Qambrani II |
| 1666–1695 | Mir Ahmad I Khan Qambrani III ( Changed his Royal family name from Qambrani to Ahmadzai ) |
| 1695–1697 | Mir Mehrab Khan Ahmadzai I |
| 1697–1714 | Mir Samandar Khan Ahmadzai ( Amir al-Umara Amir of Amirs ) |
| 1714–1716 | Mir Ahmad II Khan Ahmadzai |
| 1716–1731 | Mir Abdullah Khan Ahmadzai ( Eagle of the Mountain and The Greatest ) |
| 1731–1749 | Mir Muhabbat Khan Ahmadzai ( Beglar Begi ) |
| 1749–1794 | Mir Muhammad Nasir Khan I Ahmadzai ( Noori, Ghazi, Wali and The Great ) |
| 1794–1817 | Mir Mahmud Khan I Ahmadzai I |
| 1817 – 13 November 1839 | Mir Mehrab Khan Ahmadzai II |
| 1839–1841 | Mir Shah Nawaz Khan Ahmadzai |
| 1841–1857 | Mir Nasir Khan II Ahmadzai, son of Mir Mehrab Khan Ahmadzai I[7] |
| 1857 – March 1863 | Mir Khudadad Khan Ahmadzai (1st time). During his period of rule, seven major and many minor rebellions took place. |
| March 1863 – May 1864 | Mir Sherdil Khan Ahmadzai (usurped throne) |
| May 1864 – 15 August 1893 | Mir Khudadad Khan Ahmadzai (2nd time) |
| 10 November 1893 – 3 November 1931 | Mir Mahmud Khan II Ahmadzai |
| 3 November 1931 – 10 September 1933 | Mir Mohammad Azam Jan Khan Ahmadzai |
| 10 September 1933 – 14 October 1955 | Mir Ahmad Yar Khan Ahmadzai (1st time); declared independent on 5 August 1947; compelled to accede to Pakistan on 30 March 1948[8] |
| 14 October 1955 | State of Kalat merged into One Unit of West Pakistan[9] |
| 20 June 1958 – 1958 | Mir Ahmad Yar Khan Ahmadzai (2nd time) |
| 1979-1998 | Mir Dawood Jan Khan Ahmadzai |
| 1998–present | Mir Suleman Dawood Jan (currently not Pakistan)[10] |
See also
References
- ^ "Treaty of Kalat between Balochistan and Afghanistan in 1758" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
- ^ a b "Baluchistan" Imperial Gazetteer of India Vol. 6, p. 277, from the Digital South Asia Library, accessed 15 January 2009
- ^ Qambar gave his name to the Qambarani branch of the Baloch, just as Ahmed I gave his name to the Ahmedzai branch of the Qambrani, Balfour, Edward (1885) "India, Its Balochistan neighbours", The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Commercial, Industrial and Scientific, Vol. II H-NYSA (3rd ed.) Bernard Quaritch, London, p. 195, accessed 15 January 2009
- ^ a b Keltie, J. Scott (ed.) (1902) Statistical and historical annual of the states of the world for the year 1902 Macmillan and Co., London p. 172, accessed 15 January 2009
- ^ a b Balfour, Edward (1885) "India, Its Baluchistan neighbours", The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia, Commercial, Industrial and Scientific, Vol. II H-NYSA (3rd ed.) Bernard Quaritch, London, p. 191, accessed 15 January 2009
- ^ Naseer Dashti (2012). The Baloch and Balochistan: A Historical Account from the Beginning to the Fall of the Baloch State. Trafford Publishing. p. 280. ISBN 978-1-4669-5897-5.[self-published source]
- ^ The British recognized Naseer Khan Ahmadzai II in 1841, Keltie, J. Scott (ed.) (1902) Statistical and historical annual of the states of the world for the year 1902 Macmillan and Co., London p. 173, accessed 15 January 2009
- ^ Siddiqi, Farhan Hanif (2012), The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir Ethnic Movements, Routledge, pp. 59–60, ISBN 978-0-415-68614-3
- ^ Siddiqi, Farhan Hanif (2012), The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir Ethnic Movements, Routledge, p. 62, ISBN 978-0-415-68614-3
- ^ "Khan of Kalat being persuaded to return home". Dawn. 29 June 2015.
