Acquired hemolytic anemia
| Acquired hemolytic anemia | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Hematology |
Acquired hemolytic anemia can be divided into immune and non-immune mediated forms of hemolytic anemia.[1]
Classification
[edit]Immune
[edit]- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia[1]
- Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia[1]
- Idiopathic[2]
- Linked with primary immunodeficiency/immunodysregulation syndrome.[2]
- Lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated.[2]
- Secondary to other malignancies.[2]
- Associated with SLE or other collagen-vascular disorders.[2]
- Secondary to viral infection.[2]
- Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia[2]
- Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria[2]
- Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia[2]
- Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia[1]
- Alloimmune hemolytic anemia[1]
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)[1]
- Rh disease (Rh D)[1]
- ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn[1]
- Anti-Kell hemolytic disease of the newborn[1]
- Rhesus c hemolytic disease of the newborn[1]
- Rhesus E hemolytic disease of the newborn[1]
- Other blood group incompatibility (RhC, Rhe, Kidd, Duffy, MN, P and others)[1]
- Alloimmune hemolytic blood transfusion reactions (i.e., from a non-compatible blood type)[1]
- Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)[1]
Non-immune
[edit]- Traumatic hemolytic anemia[2]
- Impact[2]
- Macrovascular defects-prostheses[2]
- Microvascular causes[2]
- Disseminated intravascular hemolysis[2]
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura[2]
- Typical and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome[2]
- Other microvascular abnormalities
- Hypersplenism[2]
- Hemolytic anemia due to toxic effects on the membrane
- Spur cell anemia
- External toxins
- Animal or spider bites[2]
- Metals
- Organic compounds[2]
- Infectious agents
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)
History
[edit]The term 'acquired hemolytic anemia' originally appeared in the early 1900s.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Arnold, Dm; Nazi, I; Moore, Jc; Heddle, Nm; Kelton, Jg (2011). "Acquired hemolytic anemia". Blood and Bone Marrow Pathology. Elsevier. p. 157–172. doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3147-2.00010-9. ISBN 978-0-7020-3147-2.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Kalfa, Theodosia A. (2019). "Acquired Hemolytic Anemias". Concise Guide to Hematology. Cham: Springer International Publishing. p. 67–79. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97873-4_9. ISBN 978-3-319-97872-7.
- ^ MACK, P; FREEDMAN, J (2000). "Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: A history*". Transfusion Medicine Reviews. 14 (3). Elsevier BV: 223–233. doi:10.1053/tm.2000.7392. ISSN 0887-7963.
Further reading
[edit]- Frewin, Rebecca (2014). "Biochemical aspects of anaemia". Clinical Biochemistry: Metabolic and Clinical Aspects. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-5140-1.00027-4. ISBN 978-0-7020-5140-1.